Readiness for REDD implementation in Vietnam. Page 1

Transcription

1 Readiness for REDD implementation in Vietnam Page 1

2 Outline! Overview of forestry in Vietnam! State of readiness preparation in Vietnam! REDD challenges and opportunities! Risks from REDD implementation! Impacts of REDD on local communities Page 2

3 Overview of forestry in Vietnam Page 3

4 Overview of Forestry in Vietnam Trend of forest cover area change Cover area 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 43% 32% 28% 28% 30% 32% 34% 43% 38% Year 47% Page 4

5 Overview of Forestry in Vietnam Quality of forest! 2/3 natural forest area are considered poor quality.! Rich and closed canopy forest constitutes only 4.6% (in 2004).! Low land forest have been almost entirely lost.! Rich natural forest is reduced by 10.2% between ! Medium natural forest reduced by 13.4% between Page 5

6 Overview of Forestry in Vietnam Deforestation and forest degradation in Vietnam 1200 Area lost - ha Total Fired forest Deforestation Red River Delta Northern midlands and mountain areas (Source: GSO, 2008) Northern central and central coastal areas Central South East Mekong Highlands River Delta Region Page 6

7 Overview of Forestry in Vietnam GHG emission by sectors in 1994 Forestry 2.5% 3.7% 18.6% 24.7% 50.5% Agriculture Energy Industrial process Waste Forestry Source: MONRE, 2000 Page 7

8 State of REDD readiness preparation in Vietnam Page 8

9 REDD implementation process Readiness phase Implementation phase Preparation of R - PP Strategy development & consultation Implementation of monitoring Implementation of strategy Demonstration activities - Scope and gaps? - Objectives and activities? - Consultation plan? - Effective measures? - Reference emission level? - Monitoring systems? - Investment need? - Implementation of monitoring system - Physical investment on projects - Payment for emission reduction Page 9

10 State of readiness preparation in Vietnam Priorities for REDD readiness in Vietnam Stakeholders and Coordination mechanism Effective measures to reduce emission REDD Readiness Reference emission baseline Transparent payment system Monitoring reporting and verification system Institutional capacity building Public awareness rising Page 10

11 State of readiness preparation in Vietnam Work have been done Institutional arrangment Steering comittee Technical working group REDD network Climate change network Readiness plan idea note prepration Completed and Submited Capacity building Public awareness rising Technical workshops Training programs Local workshops REDD movies REDD website FPIC Information dissemination Page 11

12 State of readiness preparation in Vietnam Ongoing activities! Prepare R PP! Develop national strategy for REDD implementation! Review, analyze and prepare related policies! Design benefit sharing mechanism! Design monitoring, reporting and verification system! Develop database for forestry sector! Support technical working groups on REDD & FLEGT! Enhance technical & international negotiation capacity! Enhace public awareness! Share experience toward REDD readiness with other countries Page 12

13 State of readiness preparation in Vietnam Legal base for REDD implementation! Law on Forest Protection & Development 2004! Forest Development Strategy until 2020 (2007),! National Target Program to Respond to Climate Change (NTP-RCC) (2008)! MARD s Action Plan Framework (APF) approved in 2007 to respond to CC! Piloting policy on PES and Decree on PES Page 13

14 State of readiness preparation in Vietnam Projects related to REDD in Vietnam! Capacity building for AR CDM, Jica funded ! Analysis of forest area change, Jica funded ! REDD: Alternatives land use of rainforest in the tropic, EU funded ! UN-REDD programs, ! Analysis of feasible land use models for REDD related programs, JICA funded Page 14

15 REDD Challenge and opportunities Page 15

16 REDD: Challenges and opportunities Challenges:! REDD requires a new level of forest governance, thus need re-framing forest policy! Inadequate data for development of baseline/ reference and measurement of carbon stock:! National Forest Inventory is not primarily designed for REDD;! Inconsistency in forest definition, land use classification! Insufficient capacity for MRV, especially local levels! Lack of close coordination for data discrepancy and sharing! Insufficient financing support to shift drivers of deforestation and degradation! Lack of proper benefit sharing mechanism Page 16

17 REDD: Challenges and opportunities Opportunities:! Strong political support and legal base for forest conservation;! Alignment of the interests of multiple constituencies, ongoing programs and strategies! Comply with current national PES policy: REDD= carbon sequestration will be included as a key environmental service under the new PES decree;! Bring co-benefits: emissions reductions + improved biodiversity conservation + improved local livelihoods;! Improved forest governance and capacity of the forest administration systems; Page 17

18 Risks from REDD implementation Page 18

19 Impacts of REDD to local communities Page 19

20 Risks of REDD implementation - Risk of increasing deforestation - Just benefit investors and outsiders may not l indigenous and / or local communities. - Machanism for participation of indigenous people and forest dependent people - Unclear about the future of 661 program - Public awareness is important - Need benefit sharing system for indigenous and forest depedent comminities - Time frame issues: Carbin credit buyers Vs communities - Mangrove should be included in REDD - How to manae the risks in contracts due to natural disasters like forest firer - Risks from changing governemnt policies and overlapping among ministries - Participation level of local NGOs in REDD network is low due to low capacity and lack of mechanism - Page 20

21 Impacts of REDD to local communities Possible negative impacts and mitigation measure Possible negative impacts Mitigation measures! Relocation! Lan grabbing! Banning a way of life! Livelihood loss! Inequality! Social conflict! Indigenous rights! Community based approach! Transparent payment system Page 21

22 Impacts of REDD on local communities Possitive impacts! Local communities may join to REDD programs, so that REDD can give them sustainable livelihoods! REDD can promote progressive reforms of laws and policies, so that they fully respect indigenous rights.! REDD can give funds to to support local people s convervation and management practices! REDD could recognize that that traditional farming and other customary practices that do not harm the forest.! REDD could provide national level recognition that the traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples is critical to forest conservation. Page 22

23 Impacts of REDD on local communities NGOs can support the country to:! Define and test methodologies for carbon inventory and monitoring at national and local levels! Implement effective conservation programs to avoid deforestation! Accurately measure and certify carbon benefits! Ensure community engagement, protection of indigenous rights! Distribute forest-carbon funding equitably! Facilitate sharing of REDD lessons between countries.! Support development and implementation of performancebased pilot Page 23

24 Thank you for your attention Page 24