The Role of Satellite Data for the National Forest Monitoring Systems in the context of REDD+ Dr. Inge JONCKHEERE

Transcription

1 The Role of Satellite Data for the National Forest Monitoring Systems in the context of REDD+ Dr. Inge JONCKHEERE UN-REDD Team (FAO HQ,Italy) INPE/FUNCATE Team (Sao Jose dos Campos, Brasil) François KAYEMBE and Patrick KONDJO (DIAF, Kinshasa, DRC) ESA, Sentinel-2 Symposium 26th April 2012

2 UN-REDD Programme Supports countries benefit from REDD+ National REDD+ Strategies and Readiness Established in 2008 by FAO, UNDP & UNEP Response to UN Framework Convention Climate Change (UNFCCC) Bali Action Plan 2007 Offers UN Joint Program: Delivering as One UN Agreed delivery platform with Forest Carbon Partnership (FCPF) and Forest Investment Programme (FIP) Current contributions: US$ about 100 million (without pledges) from donors Norway, Denmark, Spain and Japan

3 REDD+ Strategies 6 UN-REDD Work Areas MRV and Monitoring REDD+ Governance Stakeholder Engagement Multiple Benefits of forests/redd+ Transparent Equitable Accountable Management of REDD+ Payments REDD+ as Catalyst of Green Economy

4 National Joint Programmes (NJP) PB 7: + Nigeria 14 countries 21 countries + Ethiopia, Honduras, Ivory Coast, Mongolia, Pakistan, Peru

5 Lead Implementation Role MRV in the NJP: FAO Monitoring (M) & Measurement, reporting, verification (MRV) Cornerstone for carbon monitoring national communications to UNFCCC one starting point for R(E)L establishment supports national / sub-national implementation of incentive systems Support to policy formulation and feedback knowledge of drivers of change information on multiple benefits

6 Start-up Phase Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) République Démocratique du Congo

7 REDD+ after Cancun Section at Decision 1/CP.16 (I) Implementation of the activities should be carried out in accordance with guidance in Annex I and the safeguards in Annex I should be promoted and supported; Following activities are included, election is voluntary and in accordance with their respective capabilities and national circumstances: (a) Reducing emissions from deforestation; (b) Reducing emissions from forest degradation; (c) Conservation of forest carbon stocks; (d) Sustainable management of forest; (e) Enhancement of forest carbon stocks; Developing country Parties aiming to undertake activities are requested to develop the following elements: (a) A national strategy or action plan; (b) A national forest reference emission level and/or forest reference level (interim measure, sub national) (c) A robust and transparent national forest monitoring system for the monitoring and reporting of the REDD + activities (interim measure, sub national) (d) A system for providing information on how the safeguards referred to in annex I to this decision are being addressed and respected throughout the implementation of the REDD+ activities while respecting sovereignty;

8 Some REDD+ activities in the DRC Drivers of deforestation What are the drivers / causes of deforestation; Carbon MRV MRV roadmap; Forest Monitoring National and international monitoring of REDD+ and forest related activities Reference level / reference emission level Two components: historical forest emissions and national circumstances;

9 Objectives 1. Enable the DRC to follow all the actions related to the implementation of its national REDD+ policies and measures; 2. Build a platform to obtain information on their REDD+ results; 3. Visualise and monitor the REDD+ projects 4. Actions should be related, directly or indirectly, to the national REDD+ strategies and may also include actions unrelated to carbon assessment, e.g. forest law enforcement; 5. Support the REDD+ phased approach under Paragraph 73 1/CP.16; 6. beta version was presented at the 17 th Conference Of Parties (COP) in Durban 2011.

10 Monitoring and MRV in 3 Phases

11 The REDD+ Phases Phase 2 a) Validate that sub-national Demonstration Activities are resultsbased (i.e. result in measureable positive outcomes - Paragraph 73 Decision 1/CP.16); b) Provides basic national-level coverage data, e.g. forest cover changes; c) Generate the requisite data on the location, extent and related changes of the REDD+ activities at the subnational and the basic national coverage data. Phase 3 a) Validate, in combination with the Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) system, that the implementation of national policies and measures on the whole national territory are results-based; b) Determine how much of each REDD+ activity is taking place over the national territory and how these are changing. UN-REDD P R O G R A M M E

12 How Development of a DRC REDD+ wall-to-wall National Forest Monitoring System based on (freely) available satellite data; Without reinventing the wheel! Capacity building and knowledge and technology transfer training; Draw on (freely) available satellite data and existing mapping technologies; Include tools developed and applied by FAO and INPE; Linked to the REDD+ national registry: all REDD+ activities have to be in coherence with (i) the international agreements and treaties that are ratified by the state; (ii) relevant policies and measures that are already in place and this in line with the relevant UNFCCC REDD+ Decisions. Build on concrete and existing collaborations in-country (DIAF, OSFAC, OFAC, etc.) and actions to strengthen DRC s technical capacities to monitor their forest land.

13 The End The DRC : 1. Is sustainably managing & monitoring its forests; 2. Can demonstrate transparently to the international community that it is reducing its emissions; 3. Is producing national statistics on its forest resources that are internationally respected & verifiable; 4. Has fulfilled the requirement of the REDD+ Decision to establish an operational national forest monitoring system; 5. Can secure funds to implement its national REDD+ and forest policies.

14 Mission impossible? Cost: $ 100 k for beta, $ 450 k foreseen in 2012 Time: 6 months for beta, 18 months to be operational; Laboratory: 8 computers; (Wo)Man power: 5 technicians; Data: mostly freely available satellite data; Operational: self-sustaining system; Phased process.

15 TerraCongo Start-up Phase: development carried out at the premises of FAO UN-REDD; Guided by the DRC Government, FAO and INPE/FUNCATE is guiding the DRC System development and operationalisation of the system at a national level, ensuring that necessary adaptations are made to reflect national circumstances; The DRC National Forest Monitoring system is linked with the INPE platform TerraAmazon (renamed TerraCongo for the DRC), which combines GIS, image processing, database management and data access functionalities; In a second phase (2012), the system will be used in the DRC.

16 PRODES methodology Import Image Reference Image Georeferencing Image IN Control points Outputs: Yearly deforestation map Corrected Image Auditing Auditing OK? Approved Image Several clouds? Mixture Model Clouds Classification Shade Image or Soil Image Vectors Interpretation and Edition Auditing Agregado ( accumulated deforestation + no forest + hydrography) Segmentation Auditing ok? Dissemination

17 TerraCongo The TerraCongo platform provides a suitable combination of open-source database, user interface, tools and algorithms which will be adapted according to country needs; Free-of-charge and supported by analysis and programming teams in Rome and Brazil in order to ensure the long-term delivery and updates of services; The system allows linkage of information from other technical partners and contributors for analysis and verification.

18 TerraCongo workshop Multi-user edition

19 TerraCongo Workshop Calibration of interpretation Technician 1 Technician 2 Technician 3 Technician 4 Technician 5

20 TerraCongo Workshop Results

21 TerraCongo linked to dissemination portal Mass/batch export of time series and precomputed statistics Dissemination Portal Mass/batch import of time series Input Data Analysis System Extensions GeoServer GeoWebCache GeoNetwork TerraCongo Output Data Dissemination Database Output Data Analysis Database GeoBatch Ingestion, preprocessing, statistic computation, data and metadata publishing Dissemination System

22 DRC National Forest monitoring portal Allows any user to interact with the system through a web-interface; Visualise country data; Download statistics; Visualise information on logging concessions, protected areas etc; Look at existing REDD+ projects; Allow users (aim is to involve local communities as much as possible) to provide feedback on areas of deforestation, etc.

23

24

25

26

27

28 The Jackpot Conservative proxy estimates for carbon + National statistics on forest area change = Informed decisions about opportunity costs and policies & measures for forest management and REDD+

29 Milestones and way forward FAO HQ Team in place, all partners on board: INPE/FUNCATE, GeoSolutions, link with EC-JRC Presentation SBSTA June 2011, Bonn First prototype of the portal (15/9/2011) Training of in-country people in Belem (sept 2011) Training of in-country experts in Rome (nov 2011) Final release of the software (1/12/2011) Beta version presentation COP 17, Durban (dec 2011) Algorithm adaptation and country tailoring (2012)

30 What if DRC has no system? The country will be unable to nationally monitor the implementation of its REDD+ policies and measures and results based demonstration activities and actions; Failing to implement specific Paragraphs of Decisions 4/CP.15 and 1/CP.16, means that the country will not be in a position to demonstrate internationally that it is effectively implementing REDD+ activities and thus unable to receive funding for REDD+ under the UNFCCC in Phases 2 and 3.

31 And if there is no REDD+? The DRC will still be able to monitor, manage, protect its forest, biodiversity resources, involve local populations, etc The forest monitoring system has benefits that go far beyond REDD+

32 Thank you for your attention