HIGH HAZARD TASKS. Injury During Maintenance

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1 HIGH HAZARD TASKS Maintenance and Chainsaw Injury During Maintenance During operation operators are protected (cabs, windshields, seatbelts, ergonomic controls) During machine maintenance operators are unprotected in hazardous and unfamiliar conditions Maintenance activities result in 31% of operator injuries

2 Before Maintenance Begins Apply Lock Out/Tag Out procedures Reduce hazardous energy Read and follow manufacturers directions for equipment directions Use power and hand tools according to manufacturers directions and for intended uses only Inspect power and hand tools before use. Lock Out/Tag Out (LO/TO) LO/TO means that operator or the mechanic Removes the key Locks the switch in the off position Attaches a tag to the switch to inform others of the machine status

3 LO/TO Prevents Starting machine during maintenance Using the machine while repairs are not complete Hazardous Energy Slope Machine stopped on a hillside Elevation Logs on a truck, attachments in the air Pressure Hydraulic lines, tires, cooling systems Tension Cables

4 Reducing Hazardous Energy Park on level ground Lower attachments Secure loads Neutralize hydraulics (or any pressurized system) Slack lines Make sure no one reenergizes/restarts the system Lockout/tagout Hazards in Maintenance Slipping/Tripping Fall from Heights Eye injuries Burns Fluid under pressure Pinching/Crushing Struck by object Strains

5 Safety Procedures Maintenance and repair hazards can be reduced through the use of: PPE Planning Training Job procedures PPE Use eye protection when flying debris is possible Hand tools, especially hammers, chisels, and punches Most power tools (manufacturers instructions) Fluids (diesel fuel, oils, coolant, and refrigerant) Compressed air and pressure washers

6 PPE (continued) Hardhats Overhead hazards present from logging operation Overhead hazards due to maintenance activity Gloves Hot objects Some tools Metal and cable with burrs Ear protection Some power tools Falling/Tripping Park on ground that is level and clear of obstacles Clear debris/dirt from steps and platforms Use intended steps and handholds Use 3 point mounting/dismounting technique

7 Crushing and Pinching Reduce hazardous energy and engage LO/TO Support heavy parts (adequate and redundant jack stand and jacks) Engage stops or remove covers Keep body clear of pinch and crush points when moving or adjusting components Use of levers, hoists, or jacks may help Fluids Read and understand MSDS Reduce hazardous energy and engage LO/TO Wear eye protection Avoid contact with hoses under pressure

8 Eye Injuries Maintain and inspect tools (mushroom on chisels, disks on grinders, etc) Wear eye protection (glasses, goggles, face shield) Burns (Heat and Chemical) Wait for machine to cool down when possible Wear appropriate gloves Shield hot components Don t smoke, have open flame, or sparks near flammable material Maintain batteries and jump start according to manufacturers directions Use appropriate techniques and PPE with welders and torches

9 Struck By Object Wear hard hat in danger zones Move work outside of danger zone Hand parts and tools to other workers (don t toss) Secure or remove overhead loose parts and tools Don t work under suspended parts Ensure that parts lifted by crane, hoist, or loader are adequately secured (adequate cable or straps, multiple contact points or cradle) Strains Use proper body position (lift from the knees) Change position, don t reach Use power lifts or jacks or wait for help, don t over exert

10 Chainsaw Safety Regularly consult professional training or training materials Read owners manuals Inspect saws and keep in good working order Wear and maintain personal protective equipment Plan and review procedures before working with a saw Chain Saw Injury Locations

11 Professional Chainsaw Training Material Chainsaw Hazards Saw Overhead hazards Springpoles/limbs Strains

12 Saw Inspection and Startup Inspection Safety features: Throttle interlock, chain brake, Chain catch, hand guard, Anti vibration mounts Starter rope Chain tension Bar, chain, bolts, Shields and guards Operation Starting, idle, acceleration, automatic oiler, rollover test PPE Mandatory Hard hat Eye protection Ear protection Leg protection Foot protection Optional Gloves Shirt Inspect and replace regularly Hard hats Chaps

13 Starting Saw secure On ground or between knees No drop starts Chain brake on At least 10 ft from fuel containers

14 Operation Avoid straining or reaching with saw Maintain good footing/posture Never operate saw above shoulders Understand reactive forces Understand compression and tension forces in wood Techniques for Felling, Limbing, and Bucking Reactive Forces Be prepared for reactive forces when operating Avoid contact with kickback zone and objects Saw propelled into Head or shoulders Legs or feet Engage inertial chain brake

15 Compression and Tension Compression force pushes together A cut into compression wood will close Tension pulls apart A cut into tension wood will open and split Tension Compression Compression and Tension Avoid when possible Determine forces by observing limb Make small cut in compression and observe reaction If compression continue to make small cuts until limb collapses Deep cuts into tension wood could release force into sawyer or saw Tension Compression

16 Felling Hazards Overhead Snags Widowmakers Vines Butt rebound Butt split/barber chair Observe hazards Planning PPE Open face felling Barber Chair and Butt Rebound

17 Dead Snags and Falling Limbs Felling Plan Hazards Goodside/Badside Escape path Hinge width Felling cuts

18 Open Face Felling Make notch degrees open toward direction of fall No more than 20-30% of tree diameter into the tree Make sure back of notch is clean without an undercut or dutchman Check direction by aiming saw by placing the bar on the back of the notch or hinge Open Face Felling Make backcut at or above the hinge Leave about 10% of tree diameter as hinge or holding wood Bore into tree, establish hinge width, cut the remaining backcut away from the hinge, OR Cut backcut toward hinge stopping at the recommended hinge width

19 High Hazard Conditions Power lines Heavy lean High wind Dead/rotten trees Storm damage (uprooted and broken) Steep slopes Limited escape paths Vine covered Hung trees Limbing/Bucking Overhead and ground hazards Roll or Twist Forward/backward movement Up or down movement Avoid standing directly behind bar Work from uphill side when possible Observe tension and compression in log and limbs Use special techniques to avoid hazards

20 Limbing/Bucking Compression Tension Tension 1 3 Compression 2 Similarities among High Hazard Tasks Exposure to harmful agents Work and training are infrequent Require positions that maybe awkward/unusual Fatigue is common