UNECE/FAO Forest Product Conversion Factors

Transcription

1 UNECE/FAO Forest Product Conversion Factors 1" x 4" 1" x 6" 1" x 6" 1" x 3" 1" x 4" Matt Fonseca, UNECE/FAO Timber Section

2 Work accomplished and current status April 2008, Task Force formed June 2008, Task Force met in Geneva Developed list of desired conversion factors Units and definitions Handling countries with no data (regional grouping) Questionnaire November 2008, questionnaire submitted to Task Force members and country correspondents November 2009, questionnaires received from 13 countries and one trade association Report is currently in Drafting (rough draft available) Canada Finland France Germany Ireland Netherlands Norway Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States CEPI

3 Conversion factor issues Roundwood volume One m 3 by on national standard is not always the same volume as an m 3 by another system. Some countries actualize volumes for reporting. We requested that submitted conversion factors be based on actual volumes.

4 Roundwood volume Actual length 5.02 m 23.2 cm 25.5 cm 27.8 cm 22.7 cm 25.3 cm 27.8 cm % Volume underbark Volume overbark Smalian unbiased rounding 20% 15% 10% Log volume (m 3 ) % 11.0% 3.0% 0.0% 3.6% -0.6% -4.8% -3.2% -4.6% -5.4% -23.7% -11.7% "True" Canada Alberta Canada British Columbia 4.7% Finland France Ireland Germany Norway Russia GOST Sweden UK Conifer UK US Hardwood NWLRAG US Forest Service 5% 0% -5% -10% -15% -20% -25% -30% Difference from "true" (%)

5 Sawnwood units Differences in volume determination Caused by: Volume based on nominal sizes Measuring volume in different states of manufacture, e.g., boules, rough green, dried and surfaced. Approximate difference between rough green vs. surfaced dried» Shrinkage ± 6%» Grade trim ± 9%» Planing loss ± 13% Final volume green volume

6 Sawnwood: nominal vs. actual volume Anecdotal evidence that volume is sometimes reported bases on nominal not actual volume In this example, actual volume is 58-82% of reported volume We reduce North American volumes to 72% of reported to actualize their volume Do we have the same issue in Europe? If so to what degree?

7 Sawnwood: state of manufacture The same as this? Is the volume of this Logs made into flitches will produce 40-90% more volume vs. dried, edged and trimmed sawnwood Are we grouping apples and oranges? If so, this could have consequences on wood balances, conversion factors and regional aggregation Flitches or sawnwood measured green will have roughly 4% (sw) to 8% (hw) more volume vs. wood dried to stable moisture contents

8 State of manufacture Example of Roundwood to Sawnwood Factors by Stage of Manufacture Sawmill Dry kiln or yard Planing mill and/or grading chain To customer Roundwood Loss m 3 Rough green in Loss m 3 Rough dry in Loss m 3 Sawnwood shipped slabs/trim/reedge/cull RW RW Trim/cull/ RW m 3 Saw kerf m 3 factor Shrinkage m 3 factor planing re-edge m 3 factor Softwood (construction) Hardwoods (appearance) sawdust chips h 2 o vapor shavings Chips Sawnwood recovery (%) 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% Coniferous Sawnwood Yield by Country Rough green Reported average 0% France Germany Netherlands Spain Slovakia Ireland Finland Norway UK Sweden United States Canada

9 Wood balance from EFSOS 2000: wood raw materials vs. conversion factor determined Figure 1 Trends in wood raw material consumption in Western Europe from 1961 to 2000 Amount (in million cubic metres WRME) Recovered paper Net pulp imports Industrial roundwood Total wood and fibre requirement Year Source: derived from FAOSTAT production and trade statistics (

10 Wood balance Conversion Factors Products Forest Products (1,000 m 3 swe) in units of output Sawdust, shavings, Total swe m 3 / Product Material Primary sanding excluding product Unit 1,593 m 3 of Roundwood needed balance product Chips dust Losses Bark* bark unit Quantity (1,000) Sawmilling Sector 1,000 Roundwood in Sawnwood 50% m? 3 Shrinkage 3% Chips 33% odmt Sawdust and shavings 10% odmt Loss 4% 40 Recoverable bark 7% odmt Plywood/Veneer Mills 200 Roundwood in Plywood and veneer 53% m 3 Shrinkage? 4% Chips 37% odmt Sanding and sawdust 3% odmt Loss 3% 6 Recoverable bark 7% odmt OSB Mills 40 Roundwood in Panels 60% m? 3 Shrinkage (densification) 39% Sanding and sawdust 1% odmt Loss 0.3% 0.1 Recoverable bark 7% odmt Pulp and Paper Mills 353 Roundwood in 405 Chips in Pulp and paper 95% mt Loss 5% 38 Recoverable bark 7% odmt Particleboard Mill 106 Sawdust in Particleboard 67% m 3? Shrinkage (densification) 33% Biomass power plant* 116 Bark in Power out 100% gj Energy out m 3 Wood products m 3 Losses

11 Thank you for your attention! For more information, contact Matt Fonseca