Wood consumption and availability. developments and challenges. PROF. DR. UDO MANTAU UNIVERSITY of HAMBURG CENTRE of WOOD SCIENCE

Transcription

1 Wood consumption and availability developments and challenges PROF. DR. UDO MANTAU UNIVERSITY of HAMBURG CENTRE of WOOD SCIENCE

2 Content 1. Consumption and availability 2. Flexibility of supply 3. Household consumption illegal logging? 4. Great future of forest land owner University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 2

3 1. Consumption and availability - wood resource balance Dimensions Europe (EU27) 2010 sector dimensions (medium mobil. - A1) Dimensions of the wood resource market 2010 Resource potential Actual demand 717 M m³ Forest woody biomass Material uses 458 M m³ 358 M odt 229 M odt 6,238 PJ 3,985 PJ 308 M m³ Other woody biomass Energy uses 367 M m³ 154 M odt 184 M odt 2,680 PJ 3,193 PJ Source: MANTAU, Wood resource balance, EUwood team 2010 (VERKERK/LINDNER/ANTTILA/ASIKAINEN: EFISCEN forest resources and constraints; LEEK, N.: Post -consumer wood; OLDENBURGER J.: Landscape care wood; SAAL, U.: Industrial residues; MANTAU/SAAL: Wood industry; PRINS, K.: Policy options; JONSSONS, R. EFSOS calculations) University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 3

4 1. Consumption and availability - wood resource balance Dimensions in solid wood equivalents m³ (swe, sw, s) not roundwood equivalent (m³ (r)) E27 potential and demand in M m³ medium mobilisation Potential in M m³ 2010 % 2010 % Demand in M m³ Stemwood C, ME Sawmill industry Stemwood NC, ME Veneer/plywood industry Forest residues, ME Pulp industry Bark, ME Panel industry Landscape c.w. (USE) ME Other material uses Short rotation plantation Producer of solid wood fuels Sawmill by products Forest sector internal use Other industrial residues Biomass power plants Black liquor Households (pellets) Solid wood fuels Households (other) Post consumer wood Liquid biofuels Total Total Source: MANTAU, Wood resource balance, EUwood team 2010 (VERKERK/LINDNER/ANTTILA/ASIKAINEN: EFISCEN forest resources and constraints; LEEK, N.: Post -consumer wood; OLDENBURGER J.: Landscape care wood; SAAL, U.: Industrial residues; MANTAU/SAAL: Wood industry; PRINS, K.: Policy options; JONSSONS, R. EFSOS calculations) University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 4

5 2. Consumption and availability - flexibility Developments - sectors E27 potential supply and potential demand in M m³ medium mobilisation in M m³ forest other wood material energy Source: MANTAU, Wood resource balance, EUwood team 2010 (VERKERK/LINDNER/ANTTILA/ASIKAINEN: EFISCEN forest resources and constraints; LEEK, N.: Post -consumer wood; OLDENBURGER J.: Landscape care wood; SAAL, U.: Industrial residues; MANTAU/SAAL: Wood industry; PRINS, K.: Policy options; JONSSONS, R. EFSOS calculations) University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 5

6 2. Consumption and availability - flexibility Developments - total woody biomass scenarios EU27 - total woody biomass demand and potential with low, medium and high mobilisation scenario Source: MANTAU, Wood resource balance, EUwood team 2010 (VERKERK/LINDNER/ANTTILA/ASIKAINEN: EFISCEN forest resources and constraints; LEEK, N.: Post -consumer wood; OLDENBURGER J.: Landscape care wood; SAAL, U.: Industrial residues; MANTAU/SAAL: Wood industry; PRINS, K.: Policy options; JONSSONS, R. EFSOS calculations) University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 6

7 3. Special aspects the German case study 1. Priority: emprical studies Resource monitoring in relevant markets statistik of return plan action written questionnaires telefon interviews expected returns inquieries addresses Mailings reached rest called reached plants 1 saw mill industry 4,000 5,500 1,000 2,000 1, panel industry pulp industry 11 delivered by paper association 11 4 biomass power pl. above 1 MW 1,400 1, cement, coal bpp, incineration private households 10,000 10,000 10, disposal companies 4,000 7,400 1,000 3,000 3, biomass power pl. below 1 MW 535 1, construction / carpenter 1,200 2, total 20,381 26,610 12,654 7,716 4, University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau

8 The The German garden dwarf dwarf idyll idyll Wood resources balance and energy policy 8

9 2005 -the end of German garden dwarf idyll

10 wood wood wood!

11 Year of inquiry 3. Special aspects - households Development of energy use of woody biomass in private households in Germany Consumption in M m³ Quelle: Mantau (2012): Energieholzverwendung in privaten Haushalten im Jahr University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 11

12 3. Special aspects - households Woody biomass assortments used in private households split logs from forest Scheitholz/Wald split logs from gardens Scheitholz/Garten split logs from landscape Landschaftspflegeholz bark Rinde saw mill by products Schnittholzreste Sägewerk used wood Schnittholzreste Altholz woody briquetts Holzbriketts pellets Pellets chips Hackschnitzel sawdust Späne/Sägemehl other Sonstiges Total 33,919 M m³ Quelle: Mantau (2012): Energieholzverwendung in privaten Haushalten im Jahr University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 12

13 3. Special aspects - households Woody biomass assortments used in private households 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 56,9 56,6 43,1 43, softwood hardwood 100% 90% 18,9 15,2 80% 70% 60% 50% Total 33,919 M m³ 40% 81,1 84,8 30% 20% 10% 0% wood in the rough residues and < 7cm Quelle: Mantau (2012): Energieholzverwendung in privaten Haushalten im Jahr University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 13

14 3. Special aspects - households Woody biomass assortments used in private households Official statistics offer fellings and removals These removals are definitely included! But what about these? Unregistered fellings in Germany in avarage added up to 15%, with a maximum of 22% in 2005, but since then have been estimated continiously and thereby the difference decreased to less then 10% University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 14

15 3. Special aspects - households Illegal logging The shares of illegally harvested wood shown here are based on the following understanding of illegality (Seneca Creek Associates and Wood Resources International, 2004, p. 4): Directly related to illegal logging: (1) harvesting without authority in designated national parks or forests reserves; (2) harvesting without authorization or in excess of concession permit limits; (3) failing to report harvesting activity to avoid royalty payments or taxes; (4) violating international trading rules or agreements, such as export bans or CITES Quelle: cited by Dieter, M.; Englert, H.; Weimar, H.: Wood from illegal harvesting in EU markets: estimations and open issues. to be published in Landbauforschung 2012/ University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 15

16 Summary Déjà-vu In the 80ies the demand of society for recreational and environmental goods and services from forest increased dramatically. Forest land owners remained in their forest - making wood and went for hunting and had almost no interest to develop products and political strategies for that stupid demand. The result - others took over University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 16

17 Summary Déjà-vu Today the higher demand for woody biomass applies much better to the activities of forest land owners. But - is it enough to go in the woods, make firewood and be happy over the good price? The problem of overutilization has already arrived in the consciousness of the people. It will become reality and has to be managed actively. Otherwise others take over again University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 17

18 Recommendations 1. Develop a strategy to close the gap between registered and unregistered fellings. 2. Develop a forest land owner corporate identity of a sustainable and efficient resource manager for the best provision of society needs with wood resources (at good prices). 3. Develop bio economy products from forests for the effective and efficient use of wood in a world of resource scarcity University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 18

19 Is there a great future for forest land owner? YES if their ideas to sell m³ with a good story based on reliable resource management grow faster than their ability to cut trees University of Hamburg - Center of Wood Science Udo Mantau 19

20 Wood consumption and availability developments and challenges PROF. DR. UDO MANTAU UNIVERSITY of HAMBURG CENTRE of WOOD SCIENCE