UNIFICATION OF GERMANY

Transcription

1 UNIFICATION OF GERMANY

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3 GERMAN REACTION TO FRENCH DOMINATION BECAME VERY NATIONALISTIC GERMAN THINKERS HELD THAT A. GERMANS WERE DIFFERENT FROM WESTERN EUROPEANS B. GERMANS WERE DESTINED TO WORK OUT A PARTICULARLY GERMAN WAY OF LIFE C. GERMANS WERE DESTINED TO WORK OUT A PARTICULARLY GERMAN POLITICAL SYSTEM

4 GERMANS FELT SUPERIOR TO THE SLAVS THE GERMAN PHILOSOPHER HEGEL A. GLORIFY GROUP ACTIVITIES B. GLORIFY COLLECTIVIST PRINCIPALS C. GLORIFY THE STATE D. GREAT INTEREST IN HISTORY HISTORY-A VAST FORCE ALMOST INDEPENDENT OF HUMAN BEINGS(HEGEL AND MARX)

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6 OTTO VON BISMARCK THE IRON CHANCELLOR FOREIGN MINISTER REFLECTIONS AND REMINISCENCES 1898

7 BISMARCK JUNKER FROM BRANDENBURG GRUFF MANNERS NEVER LET WORLD OPINION STOP WHAT HE BELIEVED WAS A CORRECT ACTION CRITICISM AND DENUNCIATION NEVER BOTHERED HIM OBSTINATE ALL GERMANY WAS HIS FATHERLAND

8 DID NOT TRUST OR UNDERSTAND WESTERN EUROPE CONSIDERED PARLIAMENTARY BODIES IGNORANT AND IRRESPONSIBLE CONSIDERED INDIVIDUAL LIBERTY SELFISH AND DISORDERLY STRESSED DUTY, SERVICE,ORDER, AND FEAR OF GOD CHAINED SMOKED CIGARS AND LOVED CHAMPAGNE

9 FAMOUS QUOTES NEVER BELIEVE ANYTHING UNTIL IT HAS BEEN OFFICIALLY DENIED LAWS ARE LIKE SAUSAGES. IT IS BETTER NOT TO SEE THEM BEING MADE PEOPLE NEVER LIE SO MUCH AS BEFORE A HUNT, DURING A WAR, OR BEFORE AN ELECTION

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11 REALPOLITIK TERM COINED IN 1859 BY A LIBERAL HISTORIAN ROCHAU TO DESCRIBE BISMARCK S POLICY. THE RUTHLESS PURSUIT OF SELF- INTEREST WAS THE ONLY REALISTIC OPTION FOR A GREAT STATE DO ONLY WHAT IS IN THE INTEREST OF YOUR STATE AND YOUR STATE ONLY

12 BISMARCK S WARS 1863 THE DANISH WAR OVER HOLSTEIN-SCHLESWIG 1866 THE SEVEN WEEKS WAR WITH AUSTRIA 1870 THE FRANCO PRUSSIAN WAR WITH FRANCE

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14 DANISH WAR START

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19 DANISH WAR THE END

20 RESULTS OF DANISH WAR PRUSSIA LOOKED LIKE THE PROTECTOR OF GERMAN TERRITORY HOLSTEIN-SCHLESWIG RECLAIMED ISOLATED AUSTRIA BISMARCK IMPRESSED THE GERMANS BY REFORMING THE GERMAN CONFEDERATION MAKING HIM LOOK MORE DEMOCRATIC

21 BISMARCK S WARS 1866 THE SEVEN WEEKS WAR WITH AUSTRIA

22 SEVEN WEEKS WAR 1866 THE START

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26 SEVEN WEEKS WAR 1866 THE END

27 RESULT OF THE SEVEN WEEKS WAR AUSTRIA WAS HUMILIATED PRUSSIA ANNEXED 1.HOLSTEIN-SCHLESWIG 2.HANOVER 3.NASSAU 4.HESSE-CASSEL 5.FRANKFURT ITALY ANNEXED VENETIA

28 PRUSSIAN POLITICAL REFORM CREATION OF THE NORTH GERMAN CONFEDERATION PRUSSIA AND 21 OTHER STATES CONSTITUTION STATED 1.KING OF PRUSSIA THE HEAD 2.PARLIAMENT OF 2 CHAMBERS A. UPPER=REPRESENTED THE STATES B. LOWER(REICHSTAG) PEOPLE ELECTED WITH UNIVERSAL MALE SUFFERAGE

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31 BISMARCK S WARS 1870 THE FRANCO PRUSSIAN WAR WITH FRANCE

32 REASONS FOR THE FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR NAPOLEON III BELIEEVD A WAR WITH PRUSSIA, IF SUCCESSFUL, WOULD RESTORE THE PUBLIC APPROVAL OF HIS GOVERNMENT BISMARCK BELIEVED A WAR WITH FRANCE WOULD CAUSE THE SOUTH GERMAN STATES TO JOIN PRUSSIA

33 CAUSE THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT INVITED LEOPOLD(KING OF PRUSSIA S COUSIN) TO BE THE CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCH OF SPAIN FRANCE DEMANDED THAT HE WITHDRAW HIS NAME AND THEN LATER DEMANDED THAT AT NOT TIME WOULD A HOHENZOLLERN BECOME KING OF SPAIN EMS TELEGRAM

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35 FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR JULY 15, 1870 WAR DECLARED BY FRANCE SEPT BATTLE OF SEDAN NAPOLEON III CAPTURED FRENCH SURRENDER SEPT 20 BEGINNING OF SIEGE OF PARIS JAN PARIS SURRENDERS MAY 10,1871 TREATY OF VERSAILLES(FRANKFURT) SIGNED

36 FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR 1870 START

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42 FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR 1870 THE END

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46 TREATY OF VERSAILLES TREATY OF FRANKFURT KING OF PRUSSIA RECEIVED THE HEREDITARY TITLE OF GERMAN EMPEROR NAPOLEON III REMOVED AND FRANCE REQUIRED TO ELECT A REPUBLIC CONSTITUTENT ASSEMBLY BY UNIVERSAL MALE SUFFERAGE

47 FRANCE TO PAY WAR REPARATIONS OF 5 BILLION GOLD FRANCS GERMANY TO OCCUPY PARTS OF FRANCE FOR A FEW YEARS FRANCE LOOSES THE PROVINCES OF ALSACE AND LORRAINE

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49 RESULTS OF THE CONSOLIDATION OF GERMANY GERMANY NOW THE STRONGEST STATE ON THE CONTINENT OF EUROPE UNITED ALL GERMAN STATES GERMAN EMPIRE TOOK THE CONSTITUTION OF THE NORTH GERMAN CONFEDERATION GERMANY NOW A MAJOR WORLD POWER

50 EUROPE 1873