Student s Name: Period: ABSOLUTE MONARCHS. 1. What helped Absolute Monarchs initially gain power during the Middle Ages?

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1 Lesson Summary Questions Using your textbook, notes, and graphic organizers, complete the critical thinking questions below. 1. What helped Absolute Monarchs initially gain power during the Middle Ages? (Class notes) 2. Why did absolute monarchs believe that they were justified in exercising absolute power? Explain! (Class notes) 3. Why was the period of absolute monarchies in European history dominated by so many conflicts and wars? (Class notes & Critical Thinking) 4. What was the long lasting effect of the Treaty of Westphalia that would still impact conflicts into the 20 th century? (Class notes & Critical thinking) 5. What key characteristics did most Absolute Monarchs share? (Class notes) 6. Why would most middle and lower class Europeans suffer so much under their absolute monarchs? (Critical thinking) 7. What were the most positive effects that absolute monarchs had on the development of their countries? (Class notes & Critical thinking)

2 GUIDED READING NOTES Using the reading handout provided by the teacher, complete the following graphic organizer on absolute monarchies. WHAT IS AN ABSOLUTE MONARCHY? WHAT KEY ELEMENTS HELPED ABSOLUTE MONARCHS MAINTAIN THEIR AUTHORITY? WHAT WAS THIS POLITICAL / RELIGIOUS DOCTRINE CALLED? WHEN DO HISTORIANS SAY THIS DOCTRINE DEVELOPED? WHO DO HISTORIANS CREDIT WITH STARTING THIS IDEOLOGY? DURING THE REFORMATION KINGS MADE EFFECTIVE USE OF THIS DOCTRINE FOR TWO MAIN REASONS WHO WERE SOME OF THE FAMOUS? SPAIN: FRANCE: PRUSSIA: RUSSIA: 1. 2.

3 KEY CHARACTERISTICS NOTES Using the provided reading handout and the class discussion, complete the following graphic organizer by identifying the key policies, methods, and practices used by each absolute monarch. KING PHILIP II of SPAIN KING LOUIS XIV of FRANCE LIMITS POWER OF NOBLES SECRETARY OF STATE VICEROYS & ROYAL AGENTS LEGAL REFORMS Punishment Fits the Crime LIMITS CHURCH POWERS (Strict Catholic) DOMINATED BY FOREIGN TRADE INCREASED TAXES ON MIDDLE & LOW CLASSES HIGH INFLATION PROFESSION ARMY & NAVY 50,000 MEN & 400 SHIPS THE DUTCH REVOLT and the ANGLO-SPANISH WAR PATRON OF THE ARTS & EDUCATION THE ESCORIAL PALACE

4 KEY CHARACTERISTICS NOTES Using the provided reading handout and the class discussion, complete the following graphic organizer by identifying the key policies, methods, and practices used by each absolute monarch. FREDERICK II of PRUSSIA PETER I of RUSSIA

5 CLASH KEY CONFLICTS OUTLINE Using the reading handout and your textbook (Chapters 20 & 21, Pgs 592, , and 607), complete the following info. WERE CONSTANTLY AT WAR! 1568 to to 1648 Pg 592 & Handout Pg 603 The Spanish Netherlands Oppose the Heavy Taxes Imposed by King Philip II The Catholic Hapsburgs Struggle against France & the German Protestants WHY WAS THE TREATY OF WESTPHALIA SO IMPORTANT? (Pg 604) 1. It Weakened: 2. It Strengthened: 3. German Princes gained: 4. It ended these in Europe: 5. It Introduced: 1700 to to to to 1748 Handout Handout Pg 601 and Handout Pg 607 and Handout Peter the Great tried to Obtain a Baltic Seaport by attacking Sweden Peter the Great s attempt to reclaim lands lost to the Ottoman Empire The League of Augsburg Opposed King Louis XIV s Unification of France & Spain Frederick the Great Opposed Maria Theresa s Rule over Austria & Silesia

6 KEY CHARACTERISTICS WEB During the class discussion, complete the following graphic organizer identifying the key characteristics absolute monarch. BUREAUCRACY LAWS RELIGION NOBILITY TRADE TAXES Key Characteristics of ABSOLUTE MONARCHS ECONOMY ARCHITECTURE MILITARY EDUCATION THE ARTS CONFLICTS