Renewable Energy in The Netherlands June 2015

Transcription

1 Renewable Energy in The Netherlands June 215

2 Dr. Martien Visser Professor Energy Transition & Network Integration Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen Partner of the Energy Academy Europe This analyses contains information of various sources and own analyses, including various estimates. Readers are encouraged to add, to improve the quality of the information provided. June-15 Page 2

3 June 215 In a Nutshell Electricity production by Solar PV reached a record level of.16 TWh Electricity production by Wind doubled compared to 214 Average utilization of wind capacity was 21% and for solar-pv 18% Net power imports increased substantially compared to the first months of 215 Coal usage in Dutch power generation increased by 3% y-o-y. Simultaneously, gas used to generate power decreased by 5% y-o-y. Dutch CO2 emissions are on par with 214. The fraction renewable power increased from 8.7% (June 214) to 11.4%. The fraction of renewable energy was 6.5%, compared to 6.1% in June 214. June-15 Page 3

4 Content June 215 data Monthly profiles Monthly data Hourly data Miscellaneous June-15 Page 4

5 SELECTED ENERGY DATA FROM JUNE 215 June-15 Page 5

6 Final Energy Demand June 215 TWh June Gas** Road Transport* Shipping* Power Feedstock* Industry* Aviation* Coal** Ren-Energy* Sources: CBS, TenneT, GTS, etc.., own analyses *estimated **excl. gas&coal-to-power Energy is used for many different purposes. In June 215, the most important applications were heating/gas (15 TWh) and Transport (26 TWh). Renewables are given by comparison. June-15 Page 6

7 Final Energy Demand June 215 (vs 214) TWh June 215 versus June Gas** Road Transport* Shipping* Power Feedstock* Industry* Aviation* Coal** Ren-Energy*.1.5 Sources: CBS, TenneT, GTS, own analyses *estimated **excl. gas&coal-to-power In June 215, gas consumption was higher than last year, mainly due to lower temperatures. Based on CBS data, energy used for feedstock is estimated to be significantly lower than in June 214. Due to higher wind and solar-pv, renewable energy was higher than last year. June-15 Page 7

8 CO2 Emissions June 215 Mton CO2 June Sources: CBS, TenneT, GTS, RIVM, CE-Delft, own analyses *do not contribute to the national CO2 target ** excl. gas & coal to power The national CO2 emissions for June 215, excluding power imports, feedstock and international shipping & aviation, have been estimated at 12.1 Mton. This was the same as in June 214. The main CO2 contributions came from the power sector, road transport and gas utilization. June-15 Page 8

9 Power Generation Capacity June 215 MW June Gas Coal Wind Biomass* Solar Nuclear Sources: TenneT, GTS, CBS, KNMI, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, Windstats, own analyses In June 215, the available capacity in wind power has increased by 1 MW June-15 Page 9

10 Power Supplies June 215 TWh June NatGas Coal Wind Solar-PV Biomass Nuclear Net imports Sources: TenneT, GTS, CBS, KNMI, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, own analyses In June 215, power consumption was 8.6 TWh, the same as last year. Most power is generated by coal-fired power stations. The usage of coal for power generation increased by 31% y-o-y. In June 215, the average contribution from renewables to the power system was 11.4%, compared to 8.7% in June 214. June-15 Page 1

11 Power Supplies June 215 Mton CO June natgas coal wind solar biomass nuclear imports Sources: TenneT, GTS, CBS, KNMI, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, own analyses The CO2 emissions from imports are given for comparison, as these emissions do not contribute to the National Dutch CO2 emission level. In June 215, 8% of the CO2 emissions from the power sector came from coal-fired power stations. June-15 Page 11

12 SELECTED MONTHLY PROFILES (using daily data) June-15 Page 12

13 Gas and Power Demand June 215 GWh June Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun Power Gas* Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, etc.. own analyses *excluding gas-to-power Daily power demand shows a week-weekend pattern. Daily gas demand (excluding gas demand for power) is mainly used for the heating market and affected by ambient temperature. June-15 Page 13

14 Conventional Power Production June 215 GWh June Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun Coal Gas Nuclear Sources: CBS, TenneT, GTS, Windstats, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc., own analyses Due to significant power imports, coal-fired power stations showed a week-weekend pattern. Gas-fired generation used, is typically must-run capacity (e.g. cogeneration) or assumed to be necessary to balance the system. On June 9 th, the Dutch nuclear power station of Borsele was off-line. June-15 Page 14

15 Wind and Solar Power Production June 215 GWh June Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun Wind Solar-PV Sources: TenneT, Windstats, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June was rather sunny and hence, combined with a significant increase in installed capacity, Solar-PV production for the third consecutive month. 1 GWh is sufficient to provide power for a year to 3 households. June-15 Page 15

16 Contribution of Renewable Energy June % June 215 2% 15% 1% 5% % 1-Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun Ren% Power Ren% Prim. Sources: CBS, GTS, TenneT, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc.., own analyses Renewable energy peaked to 7% on June 2 nd, while the fraction of renewable power peaked to 23% that day. Note that the method to calculate the percentage of renewable energy has been adjusted (see sheets 26 & 27). June-15 Page 16

17 SELECTED MONTHLY ENERGY DATA June-15 Page 17

18 Gas Demand 215 (and 214) TWh (214) Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, Windstats, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses For the six consecutive month, gas demand (excluding gas demand for power production) was higher than in in the same month in 214, due to lower temperatures in 215 compared to 214 June-15 Page 18

19 Gas Production 215 (and 214) TWh (214) Sources: GTS, own analyses Due to lower production from the Groningen gas field and declining gas production from the North Sea, Dutch gas production in 215 is considerable lower than in TWh gas is sufficient to supply heat to all houses in Amsterdam for two years June-15 Page 19

20 Power Demand 215 (and 214) TWh (214) Sources: TenneT, CBS, own analyses Power demand in June was the same as last year. June-15 Page 2

21 Wind Production 215 (and 214) TWh (214) Sources: CertiQ, KNMI, own analyses Wind power production is volatile. Wind production in June 215 was 1% higher than in June 214, partly due to increased wind capacity and mainly due to more wind availability. In June 215, the average utilization of wind capacity was 21%. June-15 Page 21

22 Solar PV Production 215 (and 214) TWh (214) Sources: PolderPV.nl, CertiQ, Klimaatmonitor, KNMI, own analyses In June 215, electricity production by Solar PV in The Netherlands reached a new record level of 161 GWh (.16 TWh). This was 45% higher than in June 214, mainly due to increased Solar PV capacity. In June 215, the average utilization rate of solar- PV capacity was 18%. June-15 Page 22

23 Coal-to-Power 215 (and 214) TWh (214) Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, Windstats, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses For the six consecutive month, coal utilization for power generation increased significantly. In June, the average utilization rate of coal-fired power stations in the Netherlands is calculated to be 67%. This percentage includes maintenance. June-15 Page 23

24 Gas to Power 215 (and 214) TWh (214) Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses In June 215, power production by gas-fired power stations and cogeneration was less than half compared to the same month in 214. In June 215, the average utilization rate of gas-fired capacity was just 19%. This number includes maintenance and mothballed installations. June-15 Page 24

25 LNG imports 215 (and 214) TWh (214) Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses In 215, significantly more gas is imported via Gate terminal compared to 214. June--15 Page 25

26 Renewable Energy All Sources 215 (and 214) TWh (214) Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, Windstats, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses In June, the Dutch National Statistical Office (CBS) released a report stating that the utilization of biomass ( wood ) by households was significantly underestimated. Moreover, new (higher) data for the usage of bio-oil became available for 214. The data for 214 (and 215) have been adjusted using this new information. June-15 Page 26

27 Renewable Energy Percentage 215 (and 214) 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % 215 (214) Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, Windstats, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses The calculation of the percentage of renewable energy for The Netherlands, as fraction of final energy demand (EU definition), has been adjusted this month, taking into account the estimates of the Dutch Statistical Office about the usage of gas, coal and electricity for non-energy purposes. The effect is a 1% (relative) higher estimate for the percentage of renewable energy. June-15 Page 27

28 CO2 Emissions 215 (and 214) Mton (214) Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, CE-Delft, Windstats, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses In June 215, Dutch national CO2 emissions were at the same level as last year. The effects of larger amounts of renewables and more imported power has been compensated by a higher utilization of coal to generate power and lower ambient temperatures and thus, a higher gas demand. June-15 Page 28

29 SELECTED HOURLY ENERGY DATA June-15 Page 29

30 Gas Supply June 215 MWh Natural Gas Supply June Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun -4 Sources: GTS, own analyses Storages Gas import LNG Terminals Production In June 215, substantial gas volumes were used to fill gas storages, depicted as negative values in the figure. Maximum gas supplies (import + production) were more than 8. MW. June-15 Page 3

31 Gas Demand Including Gas-to-Power June 215 MWh Sources: GTS, own analyses Gas Demand June Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun Industry LDC points On June 24 th, gas demand in The Netherlands peaked to more than 4. MW. Interesting to see that high gas demand in the week after June 22 nd coincided with low levels of storage injection (previous sheet). June-15 Page 31

32 Gas Imports & Exports June 215 MWh June Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun Gas export Gas import Sources: GTS, own analyses In May 215, Dutch imports were higher than exports. In June, the Netherlands became (again) a net exporting country. The level of gas imports and exports is about 4. MW. June-15 Page 32

33 Power Imports & Exports May 215 MWh June Jun -2 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun -3-4 Power import Power export Sources: TenneT, own analyses In June 215, not much power exports were recorded while power imports soared compared to the first few months of 215. Typically, the Netherlands imports about 4 MW of power, while it exports about 1 MW. June-15 Page 33

34 Wind Power June 215 MWh Wind Power June 215 Sources: CertiQ, KNMI, etc., own analyses 1-Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun In June 215, the utilization rate of the available wind capacity was 21%. This percentage is significantly higher than last year. June-15 Page 34

35 Solar PV Power June 215 MWh Solar Power June Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun Sources: PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses In June Solar-PV reached a new Dutch record level of 161 GWh. Solar-PV peaked to more than 8 MW on several days in the first half of June. In June, the average utilization rate of the solar PV installed was 18%. June-15 Page 35

36 The following set of slides presents for each month in 215 the hourly contributions of various energy sources to total power consumption in The Netherlands. June-15 Page 36

37 Power Generation January 215 MW January Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan Net import Nuclear Other Renewable Coal NatGas sources: CBS, TenneT, KNMI, GTS, CertiQ, etc. & own analyses Data are added In the week of 2-24 January, power generation peaked, due to the net exports that occurred. The majority of the additional power generation has been generated by gasfired installations. June-15 Page 37

38 Power Generation February 215 MW February Feb 8-Feb 15-Feb 22-Feb Net import Nuclear Other Renewable Coal NatGas sources: CBS, TenneT, KNMI, GTS, CertiQ, etc. & own analyses Data are added Like in January, low wind availability coincided with net exports of power. June-15 Page 38

39 Power Generation March 215 MW March Mar 8-Mar 15-Mar 22-Mar 29-Mar Net import Nuclear Other Renewable Coal NatGas sources: CBS, TenneT, KNMI, GTS, CertiQ, etc. & own analyses Data are added Relatively low imports of power occurred in March. On several Saturdays, some net exports were recorded. June-15 Page 39

40 Power Generation April 215 MW April Apr 8-Apr 15-Apr 22-Apr 29-Apr Net import Nuclear Other Renewable Coal NatGas sources: CBS, TenneT, KNMI, GTS, CertiQ, etc. & own analyses Data are added Relatively low imports of power occurred in April. On several occasions, mainly on Saturdays, net exports were recorded. April showed several days with high coal-fired generation, while gas-fired generation was low. June-15 Page 4

41 Power Generation May 215 MW May May 8-May 15-May 22-May 29-May Net import Nuclear Other Renewable Coal NatGas sources: CBS, TenneT, KNMI, GTS, CertiQ, etc. & own analyses Data are added In May, high net imports and high coal utilization squeezed gas-fired power generation. June-15 Page 41

42 Power Generation June 215 MW June Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun Net import Nuclear Other Renewable Coal NatGas sources: CBS, TenneT, KNMI, GTS, CertiQ, etc. & own analyses Data are added In June, high net imports and high coal utilization squeezed out gas-fired power generation. June-15 Page 42

43 The following set of slides presents for each week in 215 the hourly contributions of wind and solar-pv to the total power consumption in The Netherlands. June-15 Page 43

44 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Jan 6-Jan 7-Jan 8-Jan 9-Jan 1-Jan 11-Jan Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ,, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc.., own analyses June-15 Page 44

45 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Jan 13-Jan 14-Jan 15-Jan 16-Jan 17-Jan 18-Jan Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc.., own analyses June-15 Page 45

46 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Jan 2-Jan 21-Jan 22-Jan 23-Jan 24-Jan 25-Jan Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc., own analyses June-15 Page 46

47 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Jan 27-Jan 28-Jan 29-Jan 3-Jan 31-Jan 1-Feb Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc., own analyses June-15 Page 47

48 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Feb 3-Feb 4-Feb 5-Feb 6-Feb 7-Feb 8-Feb Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, KNMI, PolderPV.nl, etc., own analyses June-15 Page 48

49 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Feb 1-Feb 11-Feb 12-Feb 13-Feb 14-Feb 15-Feb Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, KNMI, PolderPV.nl, etc., own analyses June-15 Page 49

50 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Feb 17-Feb 18-Feb 19-Feb 2-Feb 21-Feb 22-Feb Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc., own analyses June-15 Page 5

51 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Feb 24-Feb 25-Feb 26-Feb 27-Feb 28-Feb 1-Mar Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc., own analyses June-15 Page 51

52 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Mar 3-Mar 4-Mar 5-Mar 6-Mar 7-Mar 8-Mar Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 52

53 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Mar 1-Mar 11-Mar 12-Mar 13-Mar 14-Mar 15-Mar Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 53

54 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Mar 17-Mar 18-Mar 19-Mar 2-Mar 21-Mar 22-Mar Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 54

55 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Mar 24-Mar 25-Mar 26-Mar 27-Mar 28-Mar 29-Mar Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 55

56 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Mar 31-Mar 1-Apr 2-Apr 3-Apr 4-Apr 5-Apr Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 56

57 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Apr 7-Apr 8-Apr 9-Apr 1-Apr 11-Apr 12-Apr Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 57

58 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Apr 14-Apr 15-Apr 16-Apr 17-Apr 18-Apr 19-Apr Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 58

59 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Apr 21-Apr 22-Apr 23-Apr 24-Apr 25-Apr 26-Apr Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 59

60 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Apr 28-Apr 29-Apr 3-Apr 1-May 2-May 3-May Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 6

61 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh May 5-May 6-May 7-May 8-May 9-May 1-May Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 61

62 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh May 12-May 13-May 14-May 15-May 16-May 17-May Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 62

63 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh May 19-May 2-May 21-May 22-May 23-May 24-May Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 63

64 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh May 26-May 27-May 28-May 29-May 3-May 31-May Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 64

65 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Jun 2-Jun 3-Jun 4-Jun 5-Jun 6-Jun 7-Jun Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 65

66 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Jun 9-Jun 1-Jun 11-Jun 12-Jun 13-Jun 14-Jun Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 66

67 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Jun 16-Jun 17-Jun 18-Jun 19-Jun 2-Jun 21-Jun Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 67

68 Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 215 MWh Jun 23-Jun 24-Jun 25-Jun 26-Jun 27-Jun 28-Jun Rest Wind solar-pv Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses June-15 Page 68

69 MISCELLANEOUS June-15 Page 69

70 Effective Temperature 215 o C June 215 (214) Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun Sources: KNMI, own analyses The effective temperature (temperature including wind shield factor). June registered colder temperatures than last year. For comparison, effective daily temperatures of June 214 are presented at the background. June-15 Page 7

71 Fuel Specific CO2 Emissions g/kwh Sources: CE-Delft, own analyses Fuels Power Generation Characteristic CO2 emissions used in this presentation. June-15 Page 71

72 Epilogue This presentation is based on numerous sources which present data on energy demand and supply in The Netherlands. These data, however, do not cover the entire energy system. Some approximations and scaling factors were thus needed. The author would like to thank students from Hanze University of Applied Science in Groningen and various energy experts in The Netherlands which gave suggestions for improvements of the methods used. Currently, the aggregated results of this work are in good agreement with data supplied by the Dutch National Office of Statistics (CBS). It is believed by the author that the detailed results in this presentation give a fair presentation of the complex reality of the Dutch energy system. Nevertheless, the author invites readers to comment on the data provided with the objective to further improve this work. After all, good and reliable data are at the heart of any successful policy to make our world more sustainable. June-15 Page 72