9TH-12TH GRADE SCIENCE TOPICS

Transcription

1 9TH-12TH GRADE SCIENCE TOPICS Chemistry ,12 mass/weight length, width, height, volume states of matter density physical/chemical properties and changes parts of the atom periodic table and elements metals and nonmetals atomic number and atomic mass molecules and compounds symbols and formulas chemical reactions and equations four types of chemical reactions radioactive elements ionic and covelent bonding/coimpounds solutions, suspensions, and mixtures colloids isotopes acids and bases/ph scale law of conservation of mass metals: alkali, alkaline and transition metaloids nonmetals nuclear energy electron configuration periodic law history of chemistry/ famous chemists vsepr theory oxidation and reduction in depth study of oxygen and hydrogen Heat ,12 how heat and cold change things heat and temperature conduction, convection, and radiation kinetic energy specific heat boyles law/charles law internal/external heat engines Energy and Electricity ,12 forms of energy and how they affect matter force and work magnets: properties and uses magnets and electricity uses of electricity electric circuits sources of electric current/ ac and dc watt, volt, ampere

2 electromagnets static and current electricity electric motors generators electricity: use and cost conductors and insulators Sound ,12 pitch and intensity of sound how sound travels reflection, diffraction, refraction, interference music and instruments doppler effect noise pollution Light ,12 characteristics of light light waves and particles electromagnetic sprctrum color: spectrum, mixing,primary,secondary lasers mirrors and lenses reflection, refracton, and interference real and virtual images Forces, Energy, and Work ,12 forces and movement buoyency of objects gravity machines force, work, and energy newton's three laws of motion centripetal and centrifugal force work and power velocity and vectors acceleration nuclear energy radiation and radioactive decay Astronomy ,12 sun moon stars constellations galaxies planets celestial motion and position eclipses space exploration and travel telescopes measuring distance in space

3 Geology ,12 conservation and stewardship of the earth environmental concerns air, water, and land resources water cycle fossils rocks and the rock cycle rock and mineral resources land forms/features weathering and erosion soil oceans composition of the earth earthquakes and volcanoes plate tectonics and continental drift geologic column and time (awareness of) topographic maps radiometric dating groundwater Meteorology ,12 weather conditions seasons air and atmosphere factors that influence weather environmental concerns climate clouds predicting weather fronts and air masses heat transfer severe weather humidity weather maps General Biology ,12 basic needs of living things living and non-living things classification of living things five kingdoms scientific names cell theory, structure and function cells, tissues, organs, and systems mitosis and meiosis adaptations, evolutionary theory, and creation dna genetics heredity protein synthesis cloning light microscopes

4 Botany ,12 botany plant structure and function photosynthesis cell respiration plant classification flowers: form and function seeds and fruits conifers deciduous trees tropisms vascular and nonvascular plants algae fungi liverworts, club mosses, and ferns angiosperms and gymnosperms monocots and dicots annuals, biennials, and perennials root systems, stems, and leaves germination Environmental Biology ,12 habitats biomes communities ecosystems adaptations and responses to the environment pollution populations and niches food chains and webs endangered and extinct species succession producers and consumers water, nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen cycles biotic and abiotic factors biosphere herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, and decomposer symbiotic relationships

5 Human Body and Health ,12 human growth nutrition and healthy diet illness: germs and prevention five senses skeletal system tendons, ligaments, cartilage, and joints muscular system glands and hormones respiratory system circulatory system excretory system nervous system digestive system endocrine system reproductive system immune system cells, tissues, organs, systems human heredity and disorders viruses and bacteria drug use and abuse safety issues and injuries carbohydrates, proteins, and fats vitamins, minerals, and water Zoology ,12 animal growth and development animal differences and classification vertebrates invertebrates sponges porifera cnidarians worms: three phyla mollusks arthropods crustacians centepeded millipedes arachnids insects echinoderms amphibians fish reptiles birds mammals disections