Tools for Climate Change Adaptation: Intelligent Control of Green Infrastructure

Transcription

1 Tools for Climate Change Adaptation: Intelligent Control of Green Infrastructure Andrea Braga, PE, CPESC Senior Engineer VUSP PA Stormwater Symposium October 14, 2015

2 Tools for Climate Change Adaptation : Intelligent Control of Infrastructure in the Coastal Zone

3 Storm Surge Resiliency Network for New York City Goal: Site-Specific and Regional Management of Storm Surge / Flooding Risk for Small Businesses Functions: Monitor Existing Conditions Display Data on Dashboard Compute Regional and Site-Specific Risk Send User Alerts Recommend Risk Mitigation Actions

4 Network-wide Dashboard View New York City Storm Surge Resiliency Network Current Business Business Current Status Risk Colors show current risk risk System-Wide Map Location marker colors show current risk Network-Wide Risk Business Name Location Current Risk ABC Business Staten Island EFG Business HIJ Business KLM Business Brooklyn Queens Manhattan Network-wide Dashboard To see more, scroll down

5 Business Dashboard View New York City Storm Surge Resiliency Network Flood Risk Dashboard for: Building ABC 123 D Street New York, NY Building Flood Prevention Actions Go through list in order to prevent building flooding Flood Prevention Action Checklist: Close and lock basement loading dock door (ensure door is sealed) Deploy sandbags at southeast basement access door Building Map Corresponds to Flood Prevention Actions listed in Checklist D Street Stair access Basement Freight Elevators Loading Dock Door Southeast Access Door

6 Active Floodproofing for New York City a network of sensors and active and passively controlled floodproofing measures to help protect against localized flooding the platform will deploy Active Floodproofing measures remotely based on interpretation of incoming real-time data streams from local, site-specific sensor information as well as regional storm surge forecasts. Before After

7 Platform Overview Internet Based Weather Forecast or other internet data sources (Web service API) Azure Tables/Blobs User Interface Web Services and User Dashboards Data Logging and Telemetry Solutions OptiRTC Data Aggregator and Decision Space Field Monitoring and Control (Sensors, Gauges, and Actuators) Rapid Deployment Field Kits With Wireless Sensors Alerts Tweet SMS Voice Autodial

8 Ideas & Applications! Great, so how can we use intelligent controls for Climate Change Adaptation? Salt Marsh Restoration Flood Control Adaptive Management

9 Tidal Restrictions & Issues Undersized Culverts Reduced Tidal Flushing Tidal Restrictions Duck Bills Degraded Water Quality Loss of Habitat Flap Gates Upstream Subsidence

10 How to Manage? Goal: Maximize tidal flushing and restoration while increasing flood protection resiliency Considerations: Climate Change Cost Habitat Restoration Potential Existing Upstream Infrastructure Stakeholder Needs Maintenance

11 Salt Marsh Restoration Scenario

12 Salt Marsh Restoration Scenario: Low Tide Valve Open Tide Gate Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh

13 Salt Marsh Restoration Scenario Incoming Tide Valve Open Tide Gate Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh

14 Salt Marsh Restoration Scenario High Tide Valve Open Tide Gate Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh Restricted Mean High Tide is much lower than unrestricted.

15 Salt Marsh Restoration Scenario Ebbing Tide Valve Closed Tide Gate Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh Valve is closed as tide ebbs to maintain restricted mean high tide water level

16 Salt Marsh Restoration Scenario Low Tide Valve Closed Tide Gate Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh Valve remains closed until low tide to maintain restricted mean high tide water level

17 Flood Control Scenario

18 Flood Control Scenario High Tide Valve Open Tide Gate Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh Restricted Mean High Tide is much lower than unrestricted.

19 Flood Control Scenario: Low Tide Valve Open Tide Gate Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh

20 Flood Control Scenario: High Tide Valve Closed Tide Gate Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh Restricted marsh is drained before the storm to provide enhanced storage

21 Adaptive Management through Real-Time Control Site-Specific Controls Dashboard Inundation Goal Above Goal 0%, Below Goal 100% Remote Reality: Current System Status Tide Gate US NOAA at Cohasset Harbor: Current Tidal Predictions

22 Adaptive Management

23 Adaptive Surface Water Management Using Intelligent Controls Smart Stormwater Control Advanced rainwater harvesting Predictive retention and detention systems using precipitation forecasts Controlled under drain bioretention Active porous pavement systems Active blue and green roofs

24 Advanced Rainwater Harvesting System Concept Goal: Storage for both effective wet weather control and on-site use

25 System Description Case Study: Advanced Rainwater Harvesting System Conowingo Elementary School Cistern installed to store runoff and make available on-site Web-based precipitation forecasts are used to automatically control releases to downstream BMPs (e.g., infiltration/bioretention) or MS4

26 Conowingo ARH Dashboard System Behavior Week of 5/30/2015

27 Conowingo ARH Dashboard System Behavior Week of 5/30/2015

28 How much of a difference can these systems make?? Advanced Rainwater Harvesting System from NC State install: Observed (With RTC) Modeled (Without RTC) Overall Wet Weather Volume Reduction Mean Peak Flow Reduction 86% 21% 93% 11% Overflow Frequency 18% 58% Dry Rain Tank Frequency 0% 0% *DeBusk, 2013

29 Case Study: TX, Pond/Flood Control Retrofit Outlet Control Structure Retrofit for Water Quality Enhancement Balance Flood Control and Water Quality Dray Pond Retrofit

30 Technology Application: Modeled Wetland Pond/water Feature Retrofits North Carolina Design ( collaboration with Bill Hunt) Depth Time Series and Average Hydraulic Residence Time for Passive Outlet Average Hydraulic Residence Time 13 days Depth Time Series and Average Hydraulic Residence Time for Actively Controlled Outlet Average Hydraulic Residence Time 24 days

31 Thanks for your time! Any Questions?