IEA HPT Annex 40 Heat pump concepts for nearly Zero Energy Buildings Introduction

Transcription

1 IEA Heat Pumping Technologies Implementing Agreement IEA HPT Annex 40 Heat pump concepts for nearly Zero Energy Buildings Introduction Carsten Wemhoener HSR University of Applied Sciences Rapperswil IEA HPT Heat Pump Workshop REHVA Clima 2016, May 24, 2016

2 Overview Outline IEA HPT Annex 40 Participants Project structure Overview Workshop State of nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nzeb) Results of IEA HPT Annex 40 Task 2: System case studies Task3 : Developments and monitoring Task 4: Integration into energy systems Self sufficient building at 2885 m altitute - New Monte Rosa Hut, source: SAC 2

3 IEA HPT Annex 40 Participating countries and institutions Participating countries and institutions CA: CanmetENERGY of Natural Resources, Hydro-Québec CH: HSR Rapperswil, FHNW, Energie solaire SA DE: Fraunhofer ISE FI: SULPU, VTT, Aalto University, Green Net Finland JP: Uni Nagoya, HPTCJ, Japanese Manufacturers NL: platform 31, TNO NO: Enova SF, SINTEF Energy Research, NTNU, COWI AS SE: SP, Swedish Manufacturers US: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), National Institute of Standards and Technologies (NIST), Centre of Environmental Energy Engineering (CEEE), Univ. of Maryland 3

4 IEA HPT Annex 40 Workshop Overview Overview Workshop IEA HPT Annex 40 CA: Roberto Sunyé, Ph.D. CANMET Energy, Canada of Natural Resources Heat Pump in nzeb in CA System Assessment & Technology Developments DE: Dr. Doreen Kalz, Fraunhofer ISE Energy and Efficiency Analysis of Heat Pump Systems in Non-residential Buildings by means of Long-Term Measurements FI: Tuomo Niemelä Heat pumps in energy and cost efficient nearly zero energy buildings in Finland JP: Prof. Dr. Masaya Okumiya, Nagoya University, Japan Policies and practices towards nzeb in Japan SE: Ola Gustafsson, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden The definition of nearly Zero Energy Buildings in the Swedish building code and its implications on heat pumps CH: Carsten Wemhoener, HSR University of Applied Sciences Rapperswil Swiss contributions to IEA HPT Annex 40 SE: not present 4

5 Project structure IEA HPT Annex 40 Task 1: State-of-the-art nzeb Task 2: Case studies of nzeb concepts Comparison of technologies regarding nzeb balance, performance and cost Task 3: Developments and Field monitoring Technology developments of heat pump systems Field monitoring of heat pumps in nzeb Task 4: Integration of nzeb into the energy system Storage integration, self-consumption source: Pogharian et al. source: Ebert et al. 5

6 World-wide locations of nzeb (State 2013) Framework and political targets Definition of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) Outline of an IEA HPP Annex 40 on Heat Pump Concepts for NZEBs Objectives and Scope Tasks Links to other projects State and participants

7 Task 1 Definition and time schedule for nzeb DEFINITION Nearly Zero Energy Building (nzeb) Currently no uniform definition, neither in policy nor in the market Time schedule for the introduction of nzeb according to EPBD recast (2010) EU-Member states are elaborating national definition not existing on all EU member states not harmonized, but different physical values and limits exist source: BPIE 7

8 Task 1 nzeb Definition and rating according to CEN standardisation CEN/REVHA nzeb definition and rating on-site energy production refers to on the building or building parcel => unique and strong link to the building nearby energy source refers to a dedicated connection to the building requiring specific equipment source: Zirngibl 8

9 Task 1 Definition and time schedule for nzeb DEFINITION Net Zero Energy Building (nzeb) Department of Energy (DOE) Zero Energy Ready: High performance home which is so energy efficient, that a renewable energy system can offset all or most of its annual energy consumption. The goal of DOE BTO is to develop and demonstrate by 2020 how cost-effective strategies can reduce building energy use by 50% compared to a 2010 baseline Introduction of commercial nzeb in new buildings by % of the commercial building stock by % of commercial building stock by 2050 Definition of DOE-BTO similar to CEN-REHVA Definition source: Payne 9

10 source: MINERGIE Database Task 1 Buildings and concepts MINERGIE-A Buildings and concepts in MINERGIE-A certified buildings Most realized nzeb buildings are new buildings Most realized buildings are residential building, in particular single family buildings

11 source: MINERGIE Database Task 1 Buildings and concepts MINERGIE-A Buildings and concepts in MINERGIE-A certified buildings Dominating concepts are all-electric buildings (HP & PV for nzeb balance) Balance relatively easy to reach in single family houses, since building envelope surface is large enough

12 Project structure IEA HPT Annex 40 Task 1: State-of-the-art nzeb Task 2: Case studies of nzeb concepts Comparison of technologies regarding nzeb balance, performance and cost Task 3: Developments and Field monitoring Technology developments of heat pump systems Field monitoring of heat pumps in nzeb Task 4: Integration of nzeb into the energy system Storage integration, self-consumption source: Pogharian et al. source: Ebert et al. 12

13 Contributions to Task 2 of IEA HPT Annex 40 Case studies and tools for nzeb with heat pumps CA: Techno-economic analysis of technology solutions in different regions CH: Comparison of technologies for MINERGIE-A buildings FI: Case study for SFH and MFH in Finnish market conditions JP: Case study for office buildings with air conditioning needs (Tokyo region including plug loads of equipment) NO: Design tool for heat pumps regarding CO 2 -emission and cost SE: Case study for SFH and MFH in Swedish market conditions US: Design tool for comfort evaluation of room emission systems 13

14 Task 2 CO2-heat pump simulations and design tool CO 2 heat pump for nzeb and design tool Development of simulations models of CO 2 -heat pump linked to an ice-storage Design tool to optimise the heat pump and back-up design for minimum CO 2 - emissions and cost 14

15 Task 2 Design tool for emission systems Design tool for space heating and cooling emission systems Reduced models based on CFD simulations to evaluate thermal comfort for rooms Focus on radiative systems, but convective systems can also be simulated 15

16 Project structure IEA HPT Annex 40 Task 1: State-of-the-art nzeb Task 2: Case studies of nzeb concepts Comparison of technologies regarding nzeb balance, performance and cost Task 3: Developments and Field monitoring Technology developments of heat pump systems Field monitoring of heat pumps in nzeb Task 4: Integration of nzeb into the energy system Storage integration, self-consumption source: Pogharian et al. source: Ebert et al. 16

17 Contributions to Task 3/4 of IEA HPT Annex 40 Developments and monitoring of nzeb with heat pumps CA: Lab-testing of integration of heat pumps and solar components (solar thermal, PV/T, ice-slurry storage) CH: Integration of heat pumps and solar components for SH, DHW and SC in office buildings (lab-test and simulations) Monitoring of two MFH (one with additional office use) DE: Long-term monitoring of office buildings with heat pumps and TABS JP: Evaluation of prototype technologies and monitoring projects NL: Field test of new and retrofit nzeb with different technologies NO: Monitoring of first Norwegian nzeb with heat pumps US: Development and field monitoring of integrated heat pump prototypes Test house for testing of nzeb technologies 17

18 Task 3 IHP Development in the USA Development of an integrated heat pump (IHP) Integrated heat pump for space heating, space cooling DHW and dehumidification Ground-source (GS) and air-source (AS) prototype Simulated saving potentials vs. baseline system according to minimum DOE requirements (5 climates) GS-IHP: 52 65% AS-IHP: 46 67% GS-IHP on the market AS-IHP in field monitoring Developments and monitoring of IHP variants source: ORNL 18

19 Task 3 IHP Development in the USA Field test results of AS-IHP in Knoxville, TN Field test from May September 2014 DHW design temperature 49 C, space cooling design temperature 24.4 C DHW: , ø 4.4 SC: 5 5.4, ø 5.14 source: ORNL 19

20 Task 3 IHP Development in the USA IHP variants Two box system Separation of DHW and dehumidification unit Advantage in shoulder season with DH/DHW only needs and for retrofitting Gas-driven IHP with AC generator Can be attractive in areas with natural gas driven heating systems First prototype tested in Las Vegas Second prototype with power generator to supply auxiliaries and external appliances source: ORNL 20

21 Task 3 Energiesprong Field test in the Netherlands Energiesprong project run by platform31, concept evaluation by TNO Evaluation of strategies for new buildings and retrofitting to reach high performance buildings Retrofit concept: pre-fabricated retrofitting of the building envelope, installation of PV-system and efficient building technologies 21

22 Task 3 Monitoring of nzeb in Norway Powerhouse Kjørbo (Sandvika near Oslo) 5200 m 2 office building retrofitted to plus energy Estimated energy consumption 20 kwh/(m 2 a) BREEAM-Nor classification Outstanding 64 kw B/W HP (10 boreholes of 225 m) for space heating and free cooling (HP as liquid chiller back-up) District heating as peak load and back-up for SH 8.5 kw B/W Heat Pump Water Heater Hydronic emission system with 50 C /40 C (SH) and 12 C /17 C (SC) design temperatures Solar PV generation system of 1556 m 2 => estimated annual yield kwh/a source: NTNU, COWI AS 22

23 Task 3 Monitoring of nzeb in Norway Powerhouse Kjørbo (Sandvika near Oslo) Optimsation regarding design, capacity control and use of excess heat identified source: NTNU, COWI AS 23

24 Task 3 NZE Residential Testing Facility at NIST Net Zero Energy Residential Testing Facility at NIST Unoccupied NZE building with adaptable loads for testing of building technologies for nzeb First and second year reached plus balance with air-to-air heat pump 24

25 Thank you for your attention ECO TERRA NZEB in COLD ClLIMATE, EASTMAN, CANADA 25