2015 Final Heating & Cooling Demand in Finland

Transcription

1 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme 215 Final Heating & Cooling Demand in Finland Country presentation October 217 Context of Finland 1

2 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme General context Population [1]: 5.5 million 1.1% of EU28 GDP [1]: 25 billion EUR 1.6% of EU28 Heating degree days[2]: 5 31 HDDs/year The coldest of EU28 1. DG Energy s 214 data from the Finland datasheet (216) 2. Eurostat s 215 data on HDDs in in Finland (216) Heat Demand Atlas (major population centres are visible [HRE4, 213] General context Energy intensity Total final energy demand (FED)[3]: 281 TWh FED per capita : 51.6 MWh/Capita 2nd highest of EU28 Highest of HRE14 Final energy from renewable sources [4] : 11.5 TWh 2.2% of EU28 12th highest of EU28 and HRE % of total FED 2nd highest share of EU28 2nd highest share of HRE14 Final energy from renewable sources for H&C [4]: 89.7 TWh 52.8% of the total H&C 2nd highest share of EU28 2nd highest share of HRE14 3. Eurostat s 215 data on annual energy quantities in Finland 4. Eurostat s RES Shares 215 results Heat Demand Atlas (major population centres are visible [HRE4, 213] 2

3 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Climate and emissions Finland has committed to a GHG emission decrease of 16% [5], within the EU Climate and Energy Package Carbon per capita Carbon per GDP [kg CO2/person] [ton CO2/billion EUR] 9, Carbon Emission per tone of energy carrier (carbon intensity) [kg CO2/toe] 4th highest among the 14 HRE 7th highest among the 14 HRE 1,434 3rd highest among the 14 HRE 214 data [1] 1. DG Energy s 214 data from the Finland datasheet (216) 5. Official Journal of the European Union, Decision No 46 (29) Current national energy situation 3

4 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Finland: H&C energy by purposes H&C comprises 6% of Finland s final energy demand. Space and water account for 55% of the total H&C need 3% Process cooling 2% Other 1% % Non-H&C 4% Heating and cooling 6% Process 42% Space 52% Finland H&C (17 TWh) Final energy demand for Finland (281 TWh) 14 HRE: H&C energy by purposes Finland has the 5th lowest final energy demand for H&C among the 14 HRE countries. AT BE CZ Finland H&C (17 TWh) FI FR DE HU IT NL PL RO ES SE UK Space Other Process cooling 1 12 Process

5 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme H&C energy by energy carriers Finland accounts for 3% of the EU28 s total delivered H&C demand. Compared to the EU28, Finland uses much more biomass, district and electricity, and way less fossil fuels. 1% % % Gas Oil 9% 8% 4% 42% Biomass District Others (fossil) Electricity Coal Solar thermal 9% 6% 5% 4% % 1% % 3% Heat pumps Others (RES) 12% 15% 12% 12% EU28 H&C (6352 TWh) Finland H&C (17 TWh) 3% Sectors by purposes and energy carriers Finland s industries are overwhelmingly dominated by process, other sectors by space. Finland s industry uses a wide range of energy sources. Households and service sector mainly use biomass, district and electricity TWh 53 TWh 23 TWh Space Process Process cooling Other TWh 53 TWh 23 TWh Solar thermal Others (RES) Others (fossil) Oil Heat pumps (electric) Gas Electricity District 1 Industry Residential Services 1 Industry Residential Services Coal Biomass 5

6 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Industry sub-sectors by H&C purposes Finland s industry uses mostly process of 1-2 C and space. Most of the process is used for the paper, pulp and printing sub-sector, while the space is divided among all sub-sectors 1% 1% % % 6 Process 1-2 C Space 6% Process >5 C 1% Process <1 C 44% 14% Process 2-5 C Process cooling -15 C Process cooling <-3 C Process cooling-3- C 24% Finland s industry (94 TWh) Industry sub-sectors by energy carriers To attain this, Finland s industry uses mostly biomass and district, and to a smaller extent fossil fuels. % 6 % Biomass 4% 7% District 8% 39% Gas Oil 9% Coal 1% Final Energy [TWh] Others (fossil) Electricity 23% Others (RES) Finland s industry (94 TWh) Solar thermal 6

7 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Industry Space Heating Finnish Industry uses mainly district for space, although it uses some gas, oil and electricity too Process cooling -15 C Process cooling -3- C Process cooling <-3 C Space Process >5 C Process 2-5 C Process 1-2 C Process <1 C Residential sub-sectors by energy carriers Finnish households primarily district, electricity and biomass for Single-family homes are the only market for biomass. Multi-family houses are the main market for district 26% 9% 26% % % 2% % District 3% 33% Finland s households (53 TWh) Electricity Biomass Oil Heat pumps Coal Gas Solar thermal Space cooling Other SFH Space SFH MFH Space MFH 7

8 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Service sub-sectors by H&C purposes Space is definitely the main concern for Finland s service sector. Finland s service sector has very little demand for cooling. The only sub-sector using cooling are the wholesale and retail trade and the hotels, cafes and restaurants sub-sectors. % 5% 4% 6% Space Process cooling Process % Finland s services (23 TWh) Service sectors by energy carriers Finland s service sector uses mainly district, most of which goes to space. All cooling, and process, are powered by electricity only. 13% 23% 5% 2% 2% % % Finland s services (23 TWh) 55% District Electricity Oil Biomass Solar thermal Gas Heat pumps Coal Finland Finland Finland Finland Finland Space Process Process cooling 8

9 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Excess heat sources Excess Heat: At least 58 Twh* Would cover 62% of the final energy demand for Space and Hot water in Finland The biggest excess heat sources are concentrated in the South regions of the country. Excess Heat Atlas [HRE4, 213] * Calculated from the 82 biggest facilities in Finland, using Peta 4.2 Heat Synergy Regions There are 3 regions with very high potential for district 3 other regions present a high potential for district Excess Heat Atlas [HRE4, 213] 9

10 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Main references cited 1. DG Energy s 214 data from the Finland datasheet (216) 2. Eurostat s 215 data on HDDs (216) 3. Eurostat s 215 data on annual energy quantities 4. Eurostat s RES Shares 215 results 5. Official Journal of the European Union, Decision No 46 (29) 1