General Discussion of Corrosion Monitoring Considerations in Pipeline Design
|
|
- Emil Garrison
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Rohrback Cosasco Systems, Inc East Smith Avenue Santa Fe Springs, CA Tel: +1 (562) Fax: +1 (562) General Discussion of Corrosion Monitoring Considerations in Pipeline Design Figures I, and II, show the basic layouts of which a pipeline system might consist. Figure I shows a system consisting of a line section transporting product from one tank storage farm to another. Figure II shows transport from an underground storage, or production, reservoir to a tank storage farm. Obviously, there are many possible variations. Branch lines may join the main line at several places. The product transported may be oil, in which case there will be booster stations along the length of the line or, the product may be gas, in which case the intermediate stations will be compressor stations. Product from the storage / production reservoir may go straight into the pipe line, or it may go into tank storage, prior to transport down the line. Irrespective, the basic principles of the corrosion monitoring system will be the same. In essence, the places that require corrosion monitoring are those locations at which water may accumulate, and stay in contact with the pipe / vessel wall for extended time periods. Additionally, corrosion monitoring is needed at those locations where some physical change in the system occurs that may cause a change in the downstream corrosion behavior. These various monitoring locations can be subdivided according to whether the purpose is to monitor internal, or external corrosion, and whether or not the monitoring location is above ground, or buried. Above ground locations are invariably ones that will be required for internal corrosion monitoring. All such locations are best monitored using the Microcor technique. This is a high resolution version of the electrical resistance technique, which makes it sufficiently rapid so as to follow the corrosion at speeds approaching real time. The basis of the technique is measurement of the change in electrical resistance of a sensing element that is immersed in the process fluid. The electrical resistance of the element will increase, as its thickness is reduced by corrosion. The increase in electrical resistance is translated into a metal thickness loss that, with reference to time, can be expressed as a corrosion rate. Background information on the Microcor Technique is provided in attachment I of this document. The Microcor probe is inserted into the system, using the Cosasco 2, access system that will permit probe insertion, and removal, without system depressurization or
2 shutdown. Details on the access fitting assemblies, and associated retrieval tools & valves are given in attachment II & III of this document. The above ground locations that are of primary interest for internal corrosion monitoring are: 1. Internal Tank Bottoms: Because of the comparatively long, static, residence time, water will tend to separate from the product, and accumulate in a layer at the bottom of the tank. The tank bottom will, therefore, be permanently wetted with potentially corrosive liquid. Irrespective of the source of water in the product, it will contain some dissolved salts, possibly dissolved oxygen, H 2 S, and CO 2. It will be, to some extent corrosive, and require monitoring to assess the need for remediation. 2. Separator Inlet from Storage / Production Reservoir: Fluid coming from a production, or storage, reservoir may contain suspended solids, sulfate reducing bacteria, and a variety of other corrosive constituents such as produced brine, and dissolved acid gases (H 2 S, and CO 2 ), all of which can cause excessive corrosion in the separator, and throughout the pipeline system. 3. Downstream of Compressor / Booster Systems: The outlet of any gas compression system will be an area in which entrained water droplets, or water vapor will condense, to produce liquid water, with the potential to produce excessive corrosion. The immediate area downstream of oil booster systems can be subject to turbulent flow conditions that can produce erosion damage. 4. Junctions with Joining Pipelines: These junctions, that are not illustrated in figures I, and II, are locations at which process fluid of unknown quality joins the main pipeline. There is the potential for ingress of corrosive fluids at such junctions and, if accessible above ground, these should be monitored using the same Microcor technique, with access through a Cosasco 2 access point. 5. Downstream of Chemical Injection points: At any location where chemicals (corrosion inhibitors, biocides, oxygen scavengers) are injected into the system in order to remediate the effects of corrosion, a corrosion monitoring point should be installed. This point should be located at least 5-10 ft. downstream of the injection point. This is in order to monitor the effectiveness of the chemical injection in remediation of corrosion. 2
3 Such locations, if accessible above ground, should be monitored using the same Microcor technique, with access through a Cosasco 2 access point. All of the various locations mentioned above will comprise the same basic monitoring point, as illustrated in figure III. A 2, flarweld access fitting, with a profiled base sized to fit the line diameter in question, is welded to the line. Normally, the access point will be installed at the 6-o clock position on the line, so that it will see any small amounts of water that are flowing along the bottom of the line in the case of tank bottoms, the fitting should be located close to the tank bottom. It should be remembered that each of these access points should be positioned such as to allow a clearance beyond the end of the fitting to permit use of the retrieval tool & service valve, during retrieval operations. The access fitting body will contain a hollow plug that carries the Microcor probe. The probe itself is sized such that the sensing element will be flush with the inner wall of the line. The Microcor probe is connected, via a permanently installed probe adapter, directly to a locally mounted, digital transmitter. The transmitter is, in turn, connected to a locally mounted data logging unit, via an armored cable. The data logging unit has an onboard battery system that powers both the data logger, and transmitter. The whole installation is certified explosion proof for use in Class I, Division I hazardous locations. The transmitter will read the Microcor probe at a preprogrammed time interval. This time interval is selectable from as little as 1 minute, to as great as 24 hours. Typically a reading interval of once every four hours is sufficient for optimum data quality, and battery life; although, if very small corrosion rates prevail, the reading interval may be increased to a 24 hour frequency, extending battery life, without loss of data quality. The readings taken by the transmitter are stored in the adjacent data logger, in a time & date stamped format. The transmitter, and data logging units are programmed using a CorrData Mate hand terminal, that is loaded with the Microcor Utilities program when loaded with the Microcor Utilities program, the CorrData Mate is re-designated the MicroMate. The data logger / transmitter is programmed with the element type, and thickness, and the required reading interval, at which point it will begin monitoring & storing data points. At convenient intervals, the data from the data loggers is downloaded to the MicroMate hand terminal. This same data is subsequently uploaded to a PC configured with CorrData Plus, corrosion data management software, augmented with the Microcor Utilities program. The uploaded data is stored, by monitoring location, in a data base, and can be displayed as a spread sheet for detailed numerical analysis. The data from individual monitoring locations can also be displayed as a time based graphic of either metal loss, or corrosion rate, giving a visual display of metal-loss, and corrosion rate versus time. When viewed in conjunction with the onboard event report record, the graphic can be used to correlate corrosion excursions with specific operational changes and, as such, can be used to optimize corrosion behavior in the system. 3
4 Buried monitoring locations may serve the purpose of monitoring internal corrosion at points within the pipeline system where the gradient of the line changes from a negative value, to a positive value, with sufficient abruptness as to cause an accumulation of liquid water, and extended periods of exposure to corrosive conditions. Such a condition is illustrated below; however the gradient change is exaggerated for emphasis: Positive Gradient Negative Gradient Product Flow Pipeline Retained Water These locations are essentially inaccessible on a routine basis. Therefore, the installation of a consumable sensor, such as a Microcor probe, requiring access every months for replacement, is impractical. In these instances the Ultracorr, high-resolution, ultrasonic sensor can be permanently installed directly on the pipeline exterior, and wired back to an above ground test post, as illustrated in figure IV. Since the Ultracorr sensor is not consumable, access to the sensor, subsequent to initial installation, is not necessary. The Ultracorr sensor, being a permanently installed device, with temperature compensation, achieves a practical resolution of c mils and, as such, can detect corrosion rates of as little as 1 mpy in days, and significant corrosion rates in days. Consequently, the response speed of the technique, unlike that of conventional ultrasonic sensors, is sufficient to provide a means to monitor, and control, excessive corrosion during the routine on-going operation of the pipeline. Detailed specifications for the Ultracorr system are given in attachment IV of this document. The Ultracorr sensors are usually used in a multiple array, distributed ± 15 0 about the 6- o clock position on the line, as illustrated below: 4
5 To Test Post Pipeline Ultracorr Sensor c c Each of the sensors is wired back to an above ground test post provided with three separate connectors for connection to the measurement instrument. The measurement instrument used in this case is a portable unit, with onboard memory. This permits the operators to take readings from a series of a test post locations, storing the data by location i.d. The data collected can subsequently be uploaded to the CorrData Plus software, for storage by monitoring location, in a date / time stamped format. The data, thus stored, can be displayed in the same modes as that for the Microcor data, providing spread sheet format, and graphics of metal loss, and corrosion rate, versus time. External corrosion on buried sections of the line can also be measured at the same locations, as those used for measurement of internal corrosion. These locations are suitable for measurement of external corrosion since, being low points in the pipe line, are also the locations where the surrounding soil / backfill is likely to be wetted for extended time periods. This external corrosion can be measured by including a conventional electrical resistance probe (model 650 see attachment V)) in the backfill of the line, within 2-3 inches of line, in the same excavation used for installation of the Ultracorr probes. The model 650 probe is wired back to the same test post as the Ultracorr probe, as illustrated in figure IV. At the test post, the model 650 probe is either left floating, if the pipe line does not have a cathodic protection system installed, in which case it will measure the natural corrosivity of the soil. However, if a cathodic protection system is installed, the 650 probe element is shorted to the pipeline, at the test post, enabling the efficiency of the cathodic protection system to be measured. The Ultracorr probe is directly measured by the CorrData Mate II portable instrument, which is the same instrument used for measurement of Microcor Data loggers, but configured with conventional CorrData Plus software. The data thus 5
6 collected can be uploaded to the PC and stored, and displayed / stored in the way as is done for the Microcor, and Ultracorr Data. The whole system can be envisioned as shown below: Buried Ultracorr Installation for Internal Monitoring Ultracorr portable instrument for direct reading of probes Above ground Microcor Data Logger Installations for Internal Corrosion Monitoring Buried Corrosometer probes for external Corrosion Monitoring CorrData Mate II, configured with Microcor Utiliities, for data logger download CorrData Mate II, configured for direct reading of Corrosometer Probes Typical Data Output This approach will permit above grade locations at potential risk of internal corrosion, and buried locations at risk of both internal, and external, corrosion to be monitored with a minimum of instrumentation variations, and using a single corrosion data management system. The foregoing is a general discussion of pipeline design considerations. Please contact Customer Service at Rohrback Cosasco Systems for more information at sales@cosasco.com or Visit online at 6
7 Figure I - Generic Pipeline System Storage Tank Farm Booster / Compressor Station Microcor Ultracorr E/R Underground Booster / Compression Station Storage Tank Farm Buried Line Ground Level Flow Figure II Generic Pipeline System Separation Train Booster / Compressor Station Microcor Ultracorr E/R Underground Booster / Compression Station Storage Tank Farm Buried Line Ground Level Storage / Production Reservoir Flow 7
8 FIGURE III TYPICAL ABOVE GROUND INTERNAL MONITORING POINT XX-K access ftg. body, for an XX line, in carbon steel, C/w hollow plug in AISI 316 stainless steel, and cover with hole, in carbon steel Permanent probe adaper in AISI 316 stainless steel M4700-S10-K03005-XX. Microcor probe in AISI 316 stainless steel, with 10 mil flush element in carbon steel Transmitter-to-data logger cable 10 ft. CDM MicroMate Hand Terminal Typical Data Output MT-9485 Microcor Digital Transmitter Data Download To CorrData Plus ML-9500B Microcor Data Logger 8
9 FIGURE IV - TYPICAL BURIED MONITORING POINT CDM MicroMate / CorrData Mate II Hand Terminal Test Post Terminations TP-1P-3U-G. Test Post Data Download to CorrData Plus Pipe Ground Corrosometer Probe UT Sensor # 1 Typical Data Output UT Sensor # 2 UT Sensor # 3 GROUND LEVEL PIPELINE UST-IT High sensitivity, ultrasonic sensor with 50 ft. cable T50-K Underground Corrosometer probe BACKFILL 9
10 ATTACHMENT I Microcor EQUIPMENT (Page 1 of 4) 10
11 11
12 12
13 13
14 ATTACHMENT II FLAREWELD ACCESS FITTINGS (Page 1 of 2) 14
15 15
16 ATTACHMENT III RETRIEVAL TOOLS & SERVICE VALVES (Page 1 of 4) 16
17 17
18 18
19 19
20 ATTACHMENT IV- ULTRACOR SYSTEM (Page 1 of 2) 20
21 21
22 ATTACHMENT V UNDERGROUND PROBE (Page 1 of 2) 22
23 23
24 ATTACHMENT VI CORRDATA PLUS CORROROSION DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (Page 1 of 2) 24
25 25
Electrical Resistance Monitoring
Electrical Resistance Monitoring (ER) Introduction The electrical resistance (ER) technique is an on-line method of monitoring the rate of corrosion and the extent of total metal loss for any metallic
More information195LiquidsCatalog.
195LiquidsCatalog www.energyu.org www.midwestenergy.org 195 Abnormal Operating Conditions... 3 195-0060 General Abnormal Operating Conditions (CT60)... 3 195-0000 Documentation & Reporting... 3 195-0403
More informationContinuous Corrosion and Erosion Monitoring in Geothermal Power Facilities
Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2015 Melbourne, Australia, 19-25 April 2015 Continuous Corrosion and Erosion Monitoring in Geothermal Power Facilities Tom Fuggle Permasense Limited, Century House,
More informationW ater T alk. Field Corrosion Testing using Coupons
W ater T alk Field Corrosion Testing using Coupons Volume 12, Issue 1 April 2012 Most Cooling Water systems are continuously in use. Therefore it is rare to have access to inspect the actual system to
More informationThermocouple for Flue Gas Temperature Measurements,
Electrical Temperature Measurement Thermocouples for Flue Gas Temperature Measurements Model TC81 with Thermowell Model TW81 WIKA Data Sheet TE 65.81 Applications Blast furnaces, air heaters Red-heat and
More informationMoisture analyzers (moisture meters) FIZEPR-SW100
www.fizepr.ru Design Bureau FIZELEKTRONPRIBOR Moisture analyzers (moisture meters) FIZEPR-SW100 for liquid, paste-like and bulk materials including petroleum, fuel oil, sand, coal, ore, concrete mixture,
More informationIndustrial Electrolytic Conductivity Cells for UDA2182 Series and APT Series
Industrial Electrolytic Conductivity Cells for UDA2182 Series and APT Series 70-82-03-14 June 08 Page 1 of 8 Specification Main Overview The specification of an Electrolytic Conductivity Cell requires
More informationVERIS Accelabar. Superior Flow Measurement Accuracy
VERIS Superior Flow Measurement Accuracy Designs, materials, weights and performance ratings are approximate and subject to change without notice. Visit for up-to-date information. ...A New Idea in Flow
More informationTECHNICAL INFORMATION ABOUT UNDERGROUND STORAGE RESERVOIRS FOR NATURAL GAS
TECHNICAL INFORMATION ABOUT UNDERGROUND STORAGE RESERVOIRS FOR NATURAL GAS I / 14 Underground Storage Reservoirs for Natural Gas 1 Fields of Application Underground storages (UGS) for natural gas are used
More informationBest Practice Corrosion/Erosion Monitoring and Critical Process Indicators Salton Sea KGRA. by Dr. Dan Hoyer, PE Veizades & Associates, Inc.
1 Best Practice Corrosion/Erosion Monitoring and Critical Process Indicators Salton Sea KGRA by Dr. Dan Hoyer, PE Veizades & Associates, Inc. Outline Process Indicators Challenges in High Temperature Corrosion
More informationCombatting HCl Acid-Dewpoint Corrosion at The Geysers. John Farison Calpine Corporation
Combatting HCl Acid-Dewpoint Corrosion at The Geysers John Farison Calpine Corporation john.farison@calpine.com Combatting HCl Acid-dewpoint Corrosion Geysers steamfield overview Corrosion failures in
More informationUnderground Piping for Private Hydrants & Sprinkler Supply Line
City of Brea Brea Fire Department Fire Prevention 1 Civic Center Circle Phone: (714) 990-7655 Underground Piping for Private Hydrants & Sprinkler Supply Line PURPOSE The provision of adequate water supplies
More informationDynamic Imaging Principle OIW/WIO Analysis
Dynamic Imaging Principle OIW/WIO Analysis JM Canty International Presentation Outline Industry Applications Dynamic Imaging Principle Image Retrieval Hardware Image Analysis Software Data Outputs Sample
More informationCHEMICAL INJECTION METHODS Pros & Cons
CHEMICAL INJECTION METHODS Pros & Cons 1 Chemical injection is an integral component of any pipeline integrity program. The petroleum, chemical, and water treatment industries require chemical treatments
More informationCorrosion: The New Process Variable Online, Real-time, Saving Money
Corrosion: The New Process Variable Online, Real-time, Saving Money Russell D. Kane/Honeywell Process Solutions Current estimates show the global process industries spend $50 billion annually on corrosion
More informationDownsizing a Claus Sulfur Recovery Unit
INFRASTRUCTURE MINING & METALS NUCLEAR, SECURITY & ENVIRONMENTAL Downsizing a Claus Sulfur Recovery Unit OIL, GAS & CHEMICALS By Charles L. Kimtantas and Martin A. Taylor ckimtant@bechtel.com & mataylo1@bechtel.com
More informationTYPICAL INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
TYPICAL INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS Environment One Grinder Pump Feature Identification 1. Grinder Pump Basin High density polyethylene (HDPE) 2. Accessway Cover Painted Steel 3. Electrical Quick Disconnect
More informationGilflo flowmeters. for steam, liquids and gases
Gilflo flowmeters for steam, liquids and gases The Gilflo spring loaded variable area flowmeter... offers an unrivalled 1:1 turndown and can be used to meter most industrial fluids including steam and
More informationNon Destructive Inspection Technology for Thermal Power Plants
37 Non Destructive Inspection Technology for Thermal Power Plants MIKIYASU URATA *1 KIYOTAKA AOKI *1 NAOYA URATA *2 KOICHI TAGAMI *2 MANABU KONDO *2 SHINTARO MATSUMOTO *3 In boiler facilities for thermal
More informationSampling. Stationary Portable. Sampling. Sewage Treatment. Municipal Sewerage Systems. Water Protection Control
Sampling Stationary Portable Sampling is an important factor for the compliance with required regulations and efficient operation. It forms the basis for continuous monitoring objectives and criteria,
More informationC. ASSE 1013 Performance Requirements for Reduced Pressure Principle Backflow Preventers.
PART 1: GENERAL 1.01 Purpose: A. This standard is intended to provide useful information to the Professional Service Provider (PSP) to establish a basis of design. The responsibility of the engineer is
More informationDiffused Aeration Piping Equipment
1.0 General 1.1. The specifications in this section include all components of the Diffused Aeration System with the exception of the individual diffuser units. Refer to additional specification sections
More informationWhite Paper. Fire Sprinkler Riser Corrosion. (May 2014) Jeffrey Kochelek (Engineered Corrosion Solutions, LLC) V.1.0.1
White Paper Fire Sprinkler Riser Corrosion (May 2014) Jeffrey Kochelek (Engineered Corrosion Solutions, LLC) V.1.0.1 Copyright 2014 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, LLC. All rights reserved. This white
More informationWIRING METHODS CHAPTER 38
CHAPTER 38 WIRING METHODS SECTION E3801 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS E3801.1 Scope. This chapter covers the wiring methods for services, feeders and branch circuits for electrical power and distribution. E3801.2
More informationMJK Automation YOUR PARTNER FOR WATER PROCESSING INSTRUMENTATION BROCHURE EN 1.00 PRODUCT BROCHURE 1401
MJK has 35 years of experience as a manufacturer and supplier of measuring and control equipment for water and wastewater plants. Our network of MJK sales channels serve 40+ countries worldwide. 1 MJK
More informationfirst flush water diverters water quality first downspout, post/wall mounted and in-ground diverters
water quality first downspout, post/wall mounted and in-ground diverters Available in kit form just add PVC pipe Simple, effective and easy to install Includes Slow Release Control Valve - empties after
More informationAPlus-QMC LLC. Catalog 2017
APlus-QMC LLC Catalog 2017 A+FLOWTEK Balanced Flow Meter NASA 2006 Invention of the Year NASA 2010 Award for Excellence in Technology Transfer NASA 2010 and 2011 Nominee for Space Technology Hall of Fame
More informationCondensed Study Guide
192-0401 Corrosion Reactions This module will discuss a variety of corrosion types. Each type involves either a chemical reaction or an electrochemical reaction. Chemical Reaction Chemicals in the environment
More informationTank Scale Service Checklist
Tank Scale Service Checklist Specifying Service for Optimized Weighing Processes Selecting the right weighing equipment is an important first step to ensuring that your weighing processes are able to meet
More informationFluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Thermodynamics. Design Project. Production of Ammonia
Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Thermodynamics Design Project Production of Ammonia Your assignment is to continue evaluating the details of a process to produce 50,000 tonne/y of ammonia from a syngas
More informationInstrument technology moves into process development laboratories
Instrument technology moves into process development laboratories The same instruments can be used in process development laboratories, clinical trials, pilot plants and large scale manufacturing thus
More informationFigure 5 - A shoring tower is made by assembling end frames with diagonal braces
Figure 5 - A shoring tower is made by assembling end frames with diagonal braces Figure 6 shows shoring towers being used in the construction of the new Computer Science building at the University of Washington
More informationAS950 ALL-WEATHER REFRIGERATED SAMPLER
AS950 ALL-WEATHER REFRIGERATED SAMPLER Applications Wastewater Collection systems Industrial pretreatment Environmental monitoring Stormwater Sampling has never been this easy. Hach's AS950 sampler controller
More informationCOMBIMASS Thermal Gas Flow
COMBIMASS Thermal Gas Flow The COMBIMASS series enables gas flow measurement for various applications in all industry sectors. COMBIMASS works according to the principle of thermal dispersion and determines
More informationTeknologi Pemrosesan Gas (TKK 564) Instructor: Dr. Istadi (http://tekim.undip.ac.id/staf/istadi )
Teknologi Pemrosesan Gas (TKK 564) Instructor: Dr. Istadi (http://tekim.undip.ac.id/staf/istadi ) Email: istadi@undip.ac.id Instructor s Background BEng. (1995): Universitas Diponegoro Meng. (2000): Institut
More informationSPRING LOADED THERMOCOUPLE CONFIGURATIONS THERMOWELL & REPLACEABLE INSERT II 2G/D Ex e TCRE/WE
SPRING LOADED THERMOCOUPLE CONFIGURATIONS THERMOWELL & REPLACEABLE INSERT II 2G/D Ex e TCRE/WE C20 C21 C26-2 C26-2 1 FEATURES TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ASSEMBLY The industrial spring loaded configuration
More informationMagnetically Coupled Submerged Cryogenic Pumps and Expanders for Ammonia Applications
Paper 4d Magnetically Coupled Submerged Cryogenic Pumps and Expanders for Ammonia Applications Liquefied Ammonia, or Liquid NH3, is (like LNG or liquefied natural gas) a cryogenic fluid and production
More informationFORCE Technology. Wind Power Services. Leiv Låte. Safeguarding life and assets in a sustainable manner
FORCE Technology Wind Power Services Leiv Låte Safeguarding life and assets in a sustainable manner 0 About FORCE Technology FORCE Technology is: One of the leading technology, consulting and service companies
More informationEndoscope Reprocessor Specification Installation Instructions
Endoscope Reprocessor Specification Installation Instructions Endoscope Reprocessing System Introduction The following document outlines the space requirements, water supply specifications, drain specifications,
More informationNatural Gas STAR Methane Challenge Program: Supplementary Technical Information for ONE Future Commitment Option
Natural Gas STAR Methane Challenge Program: Supplementary Technical Information for ONE Future Commitment Option 1 Contents Introduction... 4 Methane Challenge Program Reporting... 4 Emission Sources...
More informationFLUXUS F601. Portable, quick and reliable. Clamp-on ultrasonic flow meter. Measure from outside what's flowing inside
Reliable flow measurement in less than 5 minutes. Wide application range. With long life marathon battery. Portable, quick and reliable FLUXUS F601 Clamp-on ultrasonic flow meter Accurate Flexible Quick
More informationThis product specification is written according to the Construction Specifications Institute MasterFormat, 2014 Update.
Kaf-Tech Product Specification This product specification is written according to the Construction Specifications Institute MasterFormat, 2014 Update. SECTION 260519 METAL CLAD CABLE - MC-PLUS Neutral
More informationThe Life Assessment of API 5L Grade B Geothermal Pipeline in Correlation with Corrosion under Insulation
Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 8 (2014) 2096-2101 D DAVID PUBLISHING The Life Assessment of API 5L Grade B Geothermal Pipeline in Correlation Handoko Subawi 1 and Budi Lukman Hakim 2 1. Directorate
More informationMGO INSULATED THERMOCOUPLES INDEX
MGO INSULATED THERMOCOUPLES INDEX PAGE General Information... M1 Part Numbering Examples... M4 Thermocouple Elements (MA)... M5 Leadwire Style Thermocouples (MB)... M6 Leadwire Style Thermocouples (MD,
More informationCompact Electro Plating Machine - CEPM-2A USER MANUAL
1 Compact Electro Plating Machine - CEPM-2A USER MANUAL PRODUCT INTRODUCTION: This compact electroplating machine is a high performance compact plating unit that is especially designed for coating all
More informationALBERTA INFRASTRUCTURE CORROSION RATE MONITORING PROGRAM
ALBERTA INFRASTRUCTURE CORROSION RATE MONITORING PROGRAM Presented at Alberta Infrastructure Property Management Water Treatment Co-ordinators' Meeting #37 Sam Livingston Fish Hatchery Calgary, Alberta
More informationNon-Destructive Testing of Drilled Shafts Current Practice and New Method
Non-Destructive Testing of Drilled Shafts Current Practice and New Method George Piscsalko PE, Pile Dynamics, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, USA Garland Likins PE, Pile Dynamics, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, USA Benjamin
More informationMulti-function VAC measuring instrument
Data sheet testo 480 Multi-function VAC measuring instrument testo 480 Cutting-edge technology for professionals Measurement of all VAC-relevant parameters: flow velocity, temperature, humidity, pressure,
More informationINDUSTRIAL FILTRATION EQUIPMENT LWS Filter Series
INDUSTRIAL FILTRATION EQUIPMENT LWS Filter Series (Single, Twin, Triple or Quadruple Demand Systems) 1 P age filtration equipment can be engineered to solve complex commercial and industrial water treatment
More informationPulsed Eddy Current Testing (PECT) Inspection Technique
Introduction Pulsed Eddy Current Testing (PECT) is an inspection technique used for corrosion under insulation (CUI) screening on carbon steel structures as pipes, vessels, tanks and spherical tank legs
More informationDesign study of ship LNG storage and engine feeding system. Gerasimos Theotokatos NAOME, University of Strathclyde
Design study of ship LNG storage and engine feeding system Gerasimos Theotokatos NAOME, University of Strathclyde Introduction This study focuses on the design of the LNG storage and feeding system of
More informationProducts Solutions Services. Density Profile Measurement in the Oil and Gas Industry Increase the economic efficiency in separation processes
Products Solutions Services Density Profile Measurement in the Oil and Gas Industry Increase the economic efficiency in separation processes 2 Density profile measurement Density profile measurement 3
More informationCHAPTER 6 : GAS SAMPLING SYSTEMS
CHAPTER 6 : GAS SAMPLING SYSTEMS 1 Scope : 1.1 This Chapter describes two types of gas sampling systems in paragraphs 2.1 and 2.2 meeting the requirements specified in para 4.2 of Chapter 3 of this Part.
More informationRESTORE 1030TM Testing Protocol
RESTORE 1030TM Testing Protocol Test protocols will vary depending on the type of equipment being evaluated. The length of time required to do the testing, however, remains consistent no matter what the
More informationGENERAL CONTENTS SECTION I - NUCLEAR ISLAND COMPONENTS
- June 2013 Addendum GENERAL CONTENTS SECTION I - NUCLEAR ISLAND COMPONENTS SUBSECTION "A" : GENERAL RULES SUBSECTION "B" : CLASS 1 COMPONENTS SUBSECTION "C" : CLASS 2 COMPONENTS SUBSECTION "D" : CLASS
More informationCompact flue gas analyser: testo 300 M-I
220 Compact flue gas analyser: testo 300 M-I PC analysis Prints Small memory -------------------- testo 300-I -------------------- 16.07.2001 09:36:22 C Quick flue gas checks are of interest for all industrial
More information192GasCatalog.
192GasCatalog www.energyu.org www.midwestenergy.org 192-Abnormal Operating Conditions... 4 192-0101 Characteristics and Hazards of Natural Gas... 4 192-0201 Gas Detection and Alarm System Maintenance...
More informationSEWER FORCE MAIN HDPE PIPE
SECTION 15150 SEWER FORCE MAIN HDPE PIPE PART 1: GENERAL 1-1 DESCRIPTION: This specification governs the material, pipe, fittings, joining methods and general construction practice for High Density Polyethylene
More informationRead Only Copy Not For Distribution. Chapter 17. Private Potable Water Supply Systems 17.1 GENERAL REGULATIONS 17.2 QUANTITY OF WATER REQUIRED
Chapter 17 Private Potable Water Supply Systems 17.1 GENERAL REGULATIONS 17.1.1 Applicability The regulations in this chapter apply to any private potable water supply system where plumbing fixtures are
More informationRed Eye Multiphase Water-Cut Meter
Red Eye Multiphase Water-Cut Meter Water-cut measurements in multiphase flow. Weatherford has redefined the water-cut meter market by addressing many of the difficulties in accurately measuring water cut
More informationGILA RIVER FIRE DEPARTMENT REQUIREMENTS
GILA RIVER FIRE DEPARTMENT REQUIREMENTS Case Number: Date: 09/07/2016 Reviewer: G. Lindenmier #0305 Project Name: Portable Generators Special Events & Use Location: WHPDA Property Applicant: Applicant
More informationKEYWORDS: Deaerator, Condensate, Oxygen Removal, Boiler Feed Water, Heater, Water Treatment
Does Your Deaerator Really Work? JACK B. PRATT CONSULTANT WWW.DEAERATORS.COM ORIN HOLLANDER CONSULTANT Email orinholl@aol.com ALTAIR EQUIPMENT CO. INC. WARMINSTER, PA. WWW.ALTAIREQUIPMENT.COM KEYWORDS:
More informationCorrosion Under Insulation Detection Methods and Inspection
Corrosion Under Insulation Detection Methods and Inspection June 18, 2013 NACE Section Meeting James Higgins PetroChem Inspection OVERVIEW General causes of CUI Suspect Areas- how to find and where to
More informationOnline Monitoring of sub-structure
Online Monitoring of sub-structure Why Condition Monitoring in the structure? Preventive maintenance, also known as planned or scheduled maintenance, is the most commonly used maintenance strategy within
More informationSECTION VIBRATION ISOLATION FOR PLUMBING PIPING AND EQUIPMENT
SECTION 220550 - VIBRATION ISOLATION FOR PLUMBING PIPING AND EQUIPMENT PART 1 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1.1 SUMMARY A. It is the intent of this specification to provide vibration isolation supports for Plumbing
More informationData Sheet. Measuring System trikon Vortex Flow Meter EDZ 420 in Microprocessor Technology. Vortex meter trikon EDZ 420.
Data Sheet Measuring System trikon Vortex Flow Meter EDZ 420 in Microprocessor Technology Application Metering and recording of volume or mass flow of gases, liquids and steam. Vortex meter trikon EDZ
More informationNon-Intrusive Corrosion and Erosion Monitoring Solutions and Case Studies. Dr. Jake Davies, ICorr Aberdeen meeting, 28th Feb 2017
Non-Intrusive Corrosion and Erosion Monitoring Solutions and Case Studies Dr. Jake Davies, ICorr Aberdeen meeting, 28th Feb 2017 Presentation Contents Company History Drivers to monitor for corrosion and/or
More informationHumidity/temperature measuring instrument
Humidity/temperature measuring instrument testo 645 Highly precise measurements for industry Highly accurate humidity measurement up to ±1 %RH %RH Connection of 2 plug-in probes Measurement of temperature,
More informationPress Release. Rehabilitation of oil pipelines with flexible high pressure pipes
Press Release July 31, 2013 Rehabilitation of oil pipelines with flexible high pressure pipes Network operators all over the world are confronted with increasingly aging pipeline infrastructure. Since
More informationINTERNAL PRESSURE AND BACKFILL LOAD RESISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF POPIT LIFT HOLE PLUGS
INTERNAL PRESSURE AND BACKFILL LOAD RESISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF POPIT LIFT HOLE PLUGS CONCRETE PIPES WITH A MECHNICAL OR ROUGH LIFT HOLE (Note : This report is prepared of information to readers only)
More informationDIVISION 1100 TRAFFIC
SECTION 1102 STREET LIGHTING GENERAL INFORMATION The Idaho State Electrical Board has determined that all street lights are to be provided with an external fuse disconnect, in a junction box between the
More informationCOMBIMASS. Technical Data COMBIMASS GA-m / GA-e Version
COMBIMASS Technical Data / GA-e Version 2013-05 _- PORTABLE GAS ANALYZER COMBIMASS GA-m/ GA-e For decades now, Binder has been supplying leading plant manufacturers with innovative systems for industrial
More informationHMA GROUP AUSTRALIA - NEW ZEALAND - INDONESIA - SOUTH AFRICA SINCE 1966
SINCE 1966 Introduction Geotechnical Systems Australia (GSA) was founded in March 1987 to design, manufacture and distribute geotechnical instrumentation for the geotechnical and mining industries. Now
More informationSTREET LIGHTING. Springville City Power standard street lights will be installed in accordance with Springville City Power's Line Extension Policy.
General The following general requirements shall apply to street lights installed in new underground residential subdivisions or developments located within the service area of Springville City Power (within
More informationDouble Containment DESIGN & INSTALLATION GUIDE TECHNICAL INFORMATION. Visit our web site
Double DESIGN & INSTALLATION GUIDE TECHNICAL INFORMATION Visit our web site www.spearsmfg.com 1326 The information contained in this publication is based on current information and Product design at the
More informationSECTION (Master Template Final-05) ELECTRICAL BOXES. A. Provide boxes for electrical equipment and wiring devices as follows:
SECTION 16130 (Master Template Final-05) ELECTRICAL BOXES PART 1 GENERAL 1.01 SECTION INCLUDES A. Provide boxes for electrical equipment and wiring devices as follows: 1. Wall and ceiling outlet boxes.
More informationVisual Level Indicators VLI
WEKA Visual Level Indicators VLI Certified according ISO 9001:2000 Certified according PED 97/23/EC Member of the Group Certified according ATEX 94/9/EC Principles of design Single-pole Magnet System The
More informationFlow Meter Hire QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE
Flow Meter Hire QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE 1 Custom solutions Specialist metering solutions for short or long term hire Flowhire is a specialist flow measurement company, providing a varied range of metering
More informationNATIONAL ENERGY BOARD PIPELINE PERFORMANCE MEASURES REPORTING GUIDANCE
NATIONAL ENERGY BOARD PIPELINE PERFORMANCE MEASURES REPORTING GUIDANCE Amended November 2014 PIPELINE PERFORMANCE MEASURES - OVERVIEW Introduction The National Energy Board (Board) took action in March
More informationProven Flow Measurement Solutions for the Oil and Gas Industry
Proven Flow Measurement Solutions for the Oil and Gas Industry For The Real World., Berkshire, RG6 4UT. UK. 1 The V-Cone flow meter is an advanced technology that takes differential pressure flow measurement
More informationORIFICE MTERE BASIC SELECTION & DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS. All rights reserved to thepetrostreet.com
ORIFICE MTERE BASIC SELECTION & DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS All rights reserved to thepetrostreet.com METER SELECTION PHILOSOPHY Reliability/ Repeatability Rangeability Versatility Economicsi Installation Cost
More informationBSR GPTC Z TR x GM Referenced Standards Page 1 of 12
Page 1 of 12 PURPOSE: Review existing GM and modify as appropriate in light of Amendment 192 119. Regulations Section 192.620 To address increased risk of a maximum allowable operating pressure based on
More informationChoosing The Correct Flow Meters For Hydraulic Fracturing
WHITE PAPER Choosing The Correct Flow Meters For Hydraulic Fracturing INTRODUCTION Hydraulic Fracturing requires accurate and durable flow meters to monitor several processes during a fracking treatment.
More informationStandard Practice for Sampling Steam 1
Designation: D 1066 97 (Reapproved 2001) An American National Standard Standard Practice for Sampling Steam 1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1066; the number immediately following
More information2. A preconstruction meeting with the TWA s staff is required prior to initiating construction.
General: 1. Construct utilities in accordance to TWA approved plans and shop drawings. Any deviation from the approved plans shall be approved by the DEVELOPER S ENGINEER and TWA 2. A preconstruction meeting
More information4 th Pipeline Technology Conference 2009
In 2006, CRC-Evans was first introduced to the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) process. At the time, CMT was a technology intended for use as a joining method for thin gauged materials in the automotive industry.
More informationRegulatory Agenda and Notices RSPA / OPS
Regulatory Agenda and Notices RSPA / OPS Download the Regulations http://www.tsi.dot.gov Click on Pipeline Safety (Valve Setting), Publications & Follow Links Advisory Bulletins Advisory Bulletins http://ops.dot.gov
More informationVortex Flowmeter FV4000 (TRIO-WIRL V) Swirl Flowmeter FS4000 (TRIO-WIRL S)
Vortex Flowmeter FV4000 (TRIO-WIRL V) Swirl Flowmeter FS4000 (TRIO-WIRL S) For flow rate and volume measurement of liquids, gases and steam Fluid temperatures up to 400 C (752 F) High accuracy Short inlet
More informationSeries description Wilo-Drain STS 40
Series description Wilo-Drain STS 40 Series description Wilo-Drain STS 40 Subject to change 09/2008 WILO SE Wilo Catalogue C2 - - Sewage pumps from DN 32 to DN 800 Materials Pump housing: EN-GJL-250 Pedestal:
More informationSECTION TAPPING SLEEVES AND VALVES
SECTION 33 12 16.17 TAPPING SLEEVES AND VALVES PART 1: GENERAL 1.01 SCOPE Furnish, install and test all tapping sleeves, tapping valves, and tapping saddles as shown on the Drawings. 1.02 RELATED WORK
More informationPreparative HPLC: Factors and Parameters that Directly Affect Recovery of Collected Fractions
Preparative HPLC: Factors and Parameters that Directly Affect Recovery of Collected Fractions Gary Scharrer and Joan Stevens, Ph.D. Gilson, Inc Middleton, WI www.gilson.com Abstract Purification of synthetic,
More informationData Loggers (Deep) Water Conditions
Data Loggers (Deep) Water Conditions Water temperature monitoring in extreme ocean environments The HOBO U12 Deep Ocean Temperature data logger is designed to track water temperatures in the most extreme
More informationFlow Test Data Book and Flow Handbook for 405 Compact Orifice Series and 1595 Conditioning Orifice Plate
Test Book and Handbook for 405 Compact Orifice Series and 1595 Conditioning Orifice Plate Title Page 405 Compact Orifice Series and 1595 Conditioning Orifice Plate Test Book NOTICE Read this manual before
More informationtesto 330 Flue gas analysis with increased convenience and safety
10 testo 330 Flue gas analysis with increased convenience and safety How many degrees is it really? How sure can you really be that your analyser measures exactly what it should be measuring? Our certified
More informationFluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics Design Project. Production of Ethanol
Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics Design Project Production of Ethanol Your assignment is to continue evaluating the details of a process to produce 30,000 tonne/y of ethanol from ethylene.
More informationFine particle measuring system
Data sheet testo 380 Fine particle measuring system testo 380 The innovative complete solution In combination with testo 330-2 LL, the innovative complete solution for solid fuels, oil and gas systems.
More informationPulsed Eddy-Current (PEC) Inspection through Insulation
INDUSTRIAL SERVICES WHITE PAPER PULSED EDDY CURRENT Pulsed Eddy-Current (PEC) Inspection through Insulation Method statement of an advanced non-destructive testing technique for inspection through insulation.
More informationNOTE ON PERFORMANCE TESTING
NOTE ON PERFORMANCE TESTING Performance Profile Sheet(s) are included in a format that can be easily photo cop ied for each trainee. Performance tests are designed to mea sure competency in the tasks taught
More informationPipeline Integrity. QuestIntegrity.com CHALLENGE CONVENTION
Pipeline Integrity Solutions Pipeline Integrity Management Services (PIMS) InVista Ultrasonic In-Line Inspection Technology Engineering Assessment and Consulting QuestIntegrity.com CHALLENGE CONVENTION
More informationStandard Recommended Practice. The Use of Coupons for Cathodic Protection Monitoring Applications
NACE Standard RP0104-2004 Item No. 21105 Standard Recommended Practice The Use of Coupons for Cathodic Protection Monitoring Applications This NACE International standard represents a consensus of those
More information