As the USA leader in anaerobic digestion, DVO s patented, efficient and cost-effective systems provide:

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1 As the USA leader in anaerobic digestion, DVO s patented, efficient and cost-effective systems provide: Renewable power generation Quality solid fertilizer Liquid fertilizer for crop application Odor and pathogen control

2 BACKGROUND DVO is based in Wisconsin, USA Founded in 1989 by Steve Dvorak, P.E. Packerland digester in 1985 sdll operadng Our first digester (patented design) Gordondale Farms, WI in September 2001 DVO is the USA market leader, with 110 digesters operadng at 82 sites in 17 U.S. states (60% market share) 10 more are under construcdon

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4 Today s modern digester by DVO... Where is it?

5 2013 DVO, Inc.

6 2013 DVO, Inc.

7 2013 DVO, Inc. CONFIDENTIAL PROPERTY OF GHD, INC.

8 DVO S PATENTED DIGESTER MIXED Advantages For Waste < 11% Solids Solids & Liquids in Suspension Less StraDficaDon & SeWling Issues Disadvantages No Guaranteed RetenDon Time Incomplete Pathogen & VolaDle FaWy Acid DestrucDon PLUG- FLOW Advantages Guaranteed RetenDon Time Pathogen DestrucDon Gas ProducDon High Solids Content Disadvantages No Waste < 11% Solids Solids SeWling Temperature StraDficaDon

9 Complete Mix CSTR Digesters Waste enters and intermixes with en#re volume of the vessel as waste is also simultaneously exidng. So, some of the fresh waste can go straight from entrance to exit. And, some stays in for longer than necessary

10 RETENTION TIMES 100 DVO vs Complete Mix DVO MIXED

11 HRT: % VOLUME RETAINED 100 Complete- Mix (CM) DVO Mixed Plug- Flow B 70 % A C DAYS HRT A = Volume of CM with sufficient HRT B = Volume of CM that has leh too soon (not fully processed) C = Volume of CM that stays in too long, reducing efficiency

12 LOCAL JOBS DVO systems are constructed in place by local contractors. A significant pordon of project costs remain with the local economy AD systems can provide permanent jobs for power plant maintenance, operadon and service personnel

13 REPUTATION In the USA more agricultural wastes by volume are processed in DVO digesters than any other. 97% of all DVO digesters ever built are sdll in operadon. We are fortunate to see repeat business.

14 SEPARATED BIOSOLIDS Valuable & VersaRle High- quality Animal Bedding Pathogen ReducDon SomaDc Cell Count/Herd Health Clean Cows FerDlizer Peat Moss Replacement AddiDonal revenue stream ParDcle Board

15 2013 DVO, Inc.

16 ODOR CONTROL 97% VolaRle FaUy Acid (VFA) destrucron per EPA AgSTAR study Waste is collected and completely contained, then the odor is burned away in the biogas engines. The digested liquid can be land applied without complaint. Facilities can be designed for enhanced odor containment

17 EPA AgStar Pathogen EvaluaRon: DVO DIGESTER INFLUENT PARAMETERS 11/3/04 11/16/04 11/30/04 12/28/04 Fecal Streptococcus (col/g WWB) 380,000, ,000,000 64,000, ,000,000 Fecal Coliform (col/g WWB) 350,000, ,000, ,000, ,000,000 Total Phosphorous (mg/kg WWB) Total Solids (%) Volatile Fatty Acids (mg/kg WWB) 7,520 7,060 6,000 7,140 DIGESTER EFFLUENT PARAMETERS 11/3/04 11/16/04 11/30/04 12/28/04 Fecal Streptococcus (col/g WWB) 8,700,000 6,000,000 1,700,000 34,000,000 Fecal Coliform (col/g WWB) 660, , , ,000 Total Phosphorous (mg/kg WWB) Total Solids (%) Volatile Fatty Acids (mg/kg WWB) % DWB = (mg/kg DWB) / 10,000 mg/kg = ppm

18 ENVIRONMENTAL Carbon ReducDon / Credits CH4 (methane) is a 21 Dmes more powerful greenhouse gas than CO2. DVO digesters contain and consume the methane, reducing greenhouse gas impacts from stored and land- distributed farm wastes by 90% Air quality can be meaningfully improved in areas that are experiencing stress from farming or industrial operadons Energy is created is from a renewable resource Renewable Energy CerDficates Earns 1 REC (or TREC) for every 1MW/hr produced

19 LAND APPLICATION Liquid FerRlizer, inorganic nutrients N, P and K are not destroyed by the digester. Instead, they are transformed to an inorganic state that is already plant- available. Liquid nutrients can be land- applied to a growing crop. By restoring these valuable nutrients to the land, less ardficial ferdlizers need to be employed. DVO owners report up to 100% increase in yield for alfalfa, using digested liquid ferdlizer. ph Increase Lessened Likelihood of Runoff Liquid can be pivot- irrigated

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21 ENERGY VALUES

22 DEPACKAGING Waste stream(s) should contain only organic materials. PlasDcs, glass and other non- organic materials must be removed. Methods vary depending upon the a waste stream s characterisdcs, and numerous vendors provide depackaging systems. Among them: Screens can filters large objects Atritor Baader Brand Bright Tech. Dupps Doda Ha-Di-Tec Komptech Kufferath Mavitec Puehler Rothenburg Scotts Equip. Sebright Sepamatic

23 2012 DVO, Inc.

24 MICROTURBINES Gas turbines can cost more up- front, but require less maintenance and have a higher rundme percentage ,00 kw/hrs CR- 1000

25 BIOMETHANE / CNG Biogas is cleaned, compressed and employed as a transportadon fuel CNG provides the same BTUs at roughly 1/3 the cost of diesel

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28 DVO CentriFlo TM Secondary Solids Separator

29 CENTRIFLO + M- DAF We re seeing 90% Phosphorus reducdons for <$ per gallon processed (dairy digestate)

30 AMMONIA INTEGRATED RECOVERY Removes nitrogen (ammonia) and drops phosphorus, as well as CO 2 Integrated to the DVO digester vessel Made possible via guaranteed HRT of plug- flow design Creates a Class A BIOLIQUID Meets the same standard as municipal waste More disposal opdons are available Complete pathogen eliminadon

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32 NUTRIENT REDUCTIONS SAMPLING RESULTS TEST INFLUENT DIGESTATE FAN LIQUID CENTRIFLO LIQUID DAF LIQUID NR/AR AVG % TOTAL REDUX BOD5 74,000 4,800 5,800 6,300 3, COD 340,000 98,000 71,000 63,000 15, Coliform 350,000, , , ,000 18,000 Non- D 99.9 Phosphorus 3,300 1,900 1,800 1, N 2,700 2,700 2,600 1, N as Ammonia 1, TS TSS 81,000 41,000 50,000 33,000 2, TVS 100,000 41,000 31,000 29,000 8, What we end up with after this system, as shown in the data, is a very economical way to achieve a Class-A liquid with substantially reduced BOD, COD, ammonia and P content. Nitrogen is saved in the form of ammonium sulfate, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 at a commercial concentration of 34-40%.

33 Summary of Ammonia Recovery Capabilities Manure Effluent Post Fiber NR Effluent % Reduction Total Solids (%) Total Nitrogen (%) NH 4 Nitrogen (%) Total Phosphorus (%) lbs/1,000 gallons Manure Effluent Post Fiber NR Effluent % Reduction Total Solids Total Nitrogen NH 4 Nitrogen Total Phosphorus P- Solid = 2.5% P; 4.0 % N Fiber = 0.3% P AS = 6.4% N N:P:K ratio of final effluent = 0.1:0.007:0.1 Beyond, concentrating, recovering and potentially exporting a significant percentage of nutrients off of the farm in a more economically marketable form, the process also produces Class A solids and liquids, significantly reduces pathogen counts in the solids and liquid, reduces the ammonia odor of the separated fibrous solids, increases methane production by as much as 10%, and assists in lowering hydrogen sulfide content within the biogas to near or below 50 parts per million. Inputs to accomplish all of this include waste engine exhaust heat and only small amounts of acid to produce the ammonia sulfate salt vastly lowering input and operating costs as compared to other nutrient recovery systems which utilize other standard wastewater processing technologies (i.e. flocculants and polymers).

34 Thank You! CHILTON, WI USA