Land cover dynamics and water management in basin of river Ile on base of satellite data

Transcription

1 IAAE Inter-Conference Symposium Agricultural Transitions along the Silk Road Restructuring, Resources and Trade in the Central Asia Region 4-6 April 2016 Almaty, Kazakhstan Land cover dynamics and water management in basin of river Ile on base of satellite data Alexey Terekhov, Svetlana Dolgikh RSE "Kazhydromet", Kazakhstan;

2 Central Asian regional map Aral Sea KAZAKHSTAN Lake Balkhash River Ili basin 140,000 sq.km Uzbekistan Almaty Yining Kyrgystan Lake Issyk-Kul CHINA

3 4-year s average river Ile runoff (164 km, near boundary KZ - China) [daily] M 3 / sec Why? Day

4 Agricultural landcover dynamics in river Ile basin

5 Landsat images covering of river Ile basin [ current time

6 Arable land in river Ili basin Created on base of LANDSAT years. Expert interpretation and hand mapping Lake Balkhash Total arable land area (about 1,000,000 ha) KZ 45% 55% CH KZ Yining CHINA Almaty

7 Fragment of arable land map (on base of satellite data years)

8 Types of cropland practice in river Ili basin Lake Balkhash Not irrigated winter crops Kazakhstan 38% 62% Cropland area Irrigated Irrigated Spring crops River Ili BASIN 17% 83% Cropland area Not irrigated KZ Cropland area 34% 66% Irrigated CH Irrigated Not irrigated

9 Arable land area change during years in China part of river Ili basin. Created on base of LANDSAT data KZ CHINA Input since % 88% Before 2003 Cropland 2010 Time of beginning Land use Before 2003 During

10 Example of land use change fragment of river Ili basin [China] Landsat data m m

11 Artificial Reservoirs, Natural Lakes in basin of river Ile

12 Artificial reservoirs in China s part of river Ile basin China River Ile Before River Kas River Tekes River Kunges 2015

13 River Ile River Ile Zharyntaisky reservoir River Kunges Kapchagaisky reservoir Landsat -8 June 4, 2015

14 Landsat images of reservoir 4 (Zharyntaysky) on river Kas

15 Landsat images of reservoir 1 on river Tekes.

16 Landsat images of reservoir 2 (Kapchagaysky) on river Tekes.

17 Landsat images of reservoir 3 on river Tekes.

18 Landsat images of reservoir 5 on river Tekes.

19 Water deposit dynamic of artificial reservoirs in China s part of river Ili basin Water deposit in artificial reservoirs [2010] CH 17% KZ 10 6 m3 River Ili basin [China] 83% Total volume CH KZ Operational part of volume Estimation on base of Landsat images and satellite DEM.

20 Kapchagay reservoir mirror (river Tekes, China) in presentation of Landsat data and DEM [Google-Earth Elevation] Altitude, (Meter) over sea level River Tekes

21 DEM: SRTM-2000 Elevation of Kapchagay (river Tekes) reservoir zone fragment of granule: 43n-82e Altitude

22 Time series of main parameters of Kapchagay reservoir (riv. Tekes, China) in framework of satellite data and DEM Km 2 (m), over sea level Water mirror area Year 10 6 M 3 Altitute of reservoir water mirror Year Water deposite in reservoir Year

23 Satellite monitoring of water deposite in operational part of Kapchagay reservoir (riv. Tekes, China) during years Water volume Year

24 Satellite monitoring of annual water balance between Kapchagay reservoir and river Tekes flow during years М 3 \ sec Aver Day -200

25 Change of river Tekes hydrograph as result of Kapchagay reservoir influence sec After Before M o n t h

26 Different kinds of annual accumulation regimes of Kapchagay reservoir M 3 / sec Dry year High-water year April May June July August Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. M o n t h

27 Deposite in operational part Satellite monitoring of water deposite in Zharyntaysky reservoir (river Kas, China) Year

28 R E S E R V O I R Many years average water balance between Zharyntaysky reservoir and river Kas outflow on base of satellite data during years sec Day in year DECREASING INCREASING

29 River flow Change of river Kas hydrograph as result of Zharyntaysky reservoir influence After Before M o n t h

30 Deposite in operational parts Satellite monitoring of water deposite in artificial reservoirs on territory of China river Ile basin during years Sum of Kapchagay and Zharyntay reservoirs Year

31 Water deposit in operational parts of two main artificial reservoirs in China part of river Ile basin on January 01 in seasons of years Year

32 Satellite monitoring of water deposite in operational parts of [Kapchagay+Zharyntay] reservoirs during years Many years maximum Many years minimum

33 Water volumes aimed at the completion of the largest artificial reservoirs (Kapchagay, Zharyntay) during May September of years. Satellite estimation Year

34 Interannual water volume regulation of river Ile runoff with help of Kapchagay and Zharyntay reservoirs in China part of river Ile basin. Satellite estimation. Blue the support of river Ile flow due to stocks of previous years; Orange the removal from the current river Ilr flow to roiling stock Year

35 Kazakhstan part of river Ile basin Northern Tien-Shan mountain Balkhash lake as end water body in river Ili basin Kapchagay reservoir River Ili Alakol gulf Balhash lake: Water mirror area 16,4 thousands km 2 Volume 112 km 3 Balhash Lakes

36 Satellite diagnostic of water level in Balkhash lake in period years Landsat images of Alakol gulf

37 Levels of Balhash lake during years [daily data]

38 Level change Volume change Annual ( ) change of Bahash lake level and volume during years sm km 3

39 Foto near lake Balkhash (July 2010)

40 L e v e l Level of Kapchagay reservoir (river Ile, KZ) during year (daily data) sm L e v e l L e v e l sm sm

41 River flow: - satellite estimation in China s part of river Ile basin; - ground data in Kazakh part of river Ile basin.

42 River Kas [China] flow with different runoff level LANDSAT images August 12, 2014 August 3, 1999 River Ile about 50 m 3 / sec about 500 m3/ sec

43 River Tekes [China] flow with different runoff level LANDSAT images April 11, 2013 Augustl 9, 2013 about 90 m 3 / sec about 900 m3/ sec 3 km

44 Satellite estimation Relation between ground and satellite (Landsat) data of river Kas charge during years River runoff M 3 / sec Ground data (average monthly) M 3 / sec River runoff

45 Satellite diagnostic of runoff in the downstream of river Kas during years M 3 / sec M 3 / sec Satellite estimation Ground data M 3 / sec Many year average M 3 / sec

46 The share of the annual river Kas [China] flow addressed to water conduits bypassing its mouth. Share of annual river flow Satellite estimation Year

47 Satellite estimation of river Tekes [China] annual hydrographs during years M 3 / sec M 3 / sec M 3 / sec M o n t h M o n t h M o n t h

48 Satellite estimation of river Tekes [China] runoff during May October of years Year

49 River Tekes [China] runoff during [May October] on base of ground data ( ) and satellite estimation ( ) years Ground data Satellite estimation Year

50 sm Daily water level of river Ile (164 km, KZ) during years 0 (mark) m BS

51 M 3 / sec Daily river Ile runoff (164 km, KZ) during years

52 River runoff Relation between river Ile level and its runoff (164 км) [April November] during years (daily data) М 3 \ sec River level, (sm)

53 Relation between annual averages river Ile levels and its runoff (164 км, KZ) during years without 2008 and 2010 data [M 3 / sec] / [sm] [April November] Year

54 River Ile state in presentation of LANDSAT ; h=298 sm, 863 м 3 \sec; ; h=304 sm, 401 м 3 \sec. 01 August August 2013

55 sm Daily water level in river Ile (37 km, KZ) during years 0 (mark) m BS Daily data

56 M 3 / sec Daily river Ile runoff (37 km, KZ) during years Daily data

57 River runoff Relation between river Ile level and its runoff (37 км) [April November] during years (daily data) М 3 \ sec River level, (sm)

58 Relation between annual averages river Ile levels and its runoff [37 km] during years [ M 3 /sec] / [sm] Year

59 Comparison between river Ile runoff [164 km] and calculated inflow in Kapchagay reservoir (river Ile runoff [37 km] plus Kapchagay reservoir volume change) [ M 3 /sec] M o n t h Day Black - river Ile runoff [164 km]; Red - calculated inflow

60 Comparison between river Ile runoff [164 km, KZ] and calculated inflow in Kapchagay reservoir (river Ile runoff [37 km] plus Kapchagay reservoir volume change) [ M 3 /sec] M o n t h Black - river Ile runoff [164 km]; Red - calculated inflow Day

61 Relation between average annual change of lake Balkhash level and relevant river Ile runoff [37 km] during years M 3 / sec Original ground data Corrected river runoff data Decrease Increase Decrease Increase Lake level change sm

62 Conclusion Informational deficite about territory state of transboundary river basins to create questions about food and water security, unstable economic development and stability of the region ecology. Part of tasks of control over water management and agriculture landuse can be carried out with help of the remote sensing data, including the satellite images. For China part of transboundary basin of river Ile the satellite data can be use for estimations: - water management; - water deposite in artificial reservoirs, - river charge and river flow, includung main tributaries; - river hydrograph change after artificial reservoir building; - land cover and land use change.

63 Thanks for attention Спасибо за внимание