Environmental Science and Engineering

Transcription

1 Environmental Science and Engineering Environmental Science Series Editors Rod Allan Ulrich Förstner Wim Salomons For further volumes:

2 Agamuthu Pariatamby Masaru Tanaka Editors Municipal Solid Waste Management in Asia and the Pacific Islands Challenges and Strategic Solutions 123

3 Editors Agamuthu Pariatamby Institute of Biological Sciences University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Masaru Tanaka Sustainability Research Institute Tottori University of Environmental Studies Tottori Japan ISSN ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Springer Singapore Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: Ó Springer-Verlag Singapore 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (

4 Preface The global population was about 6 billion in 2000, and is expected to increase by 50 % in the next half-century, to reach 9 billion in To meet the needs and wants of people seeking comfortable and convenient lifestyles, countless products and goods will be supplied through distribution infrastructure. As the global economy expands, people buy more products; thus, the amount of products produced and consumed increase. During those processes, solid waste is generated, and ultimately collected by the municipalities and private waste management industry for recycling or disposal. Society generates more waste as it becomes increasingly affluent. About one fourth of worldwide solid waste is generated in Asian region now but it is expected to be about one third in The key SWM issues in Asia and Pacific Region may be pointed out as follows: (i) increase in the amount of municipal solid waste associated with population and economic growth; (ii) difficulty in securing land for intermediate treatment and final disposal (due to NIMBY) leading to serious public health risks; (iii) high but untapped potential for 3R; and other alternative treatments. A network of solid waste management experts, the Society of Solid Waste Management Experts in Asia and Pacific Islands (SWAPI) was initiated in 2005 to aim at promoting 3Rs for solid waste namely, Reduction, Reuse and Recycling of solid waste, and improving waste management to realize a 3R Society to conserve natural resources and preserve our living environment. As an activity of SWAPI, we are delighted to publish this book. This book, written by Asian experts in solid waste management, explores the current situation in Asian region including Pacific Islands. There are not many technical books of this kind, especially dedicated to this region of the world. The chapters form a comprehensive, coherent investigation in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management, including definitions used, generation, collection, transportation, v

5 vi Preface treatment and disposal, and 3R activities. Several case studies from Asian nations are included to exemplify the real situation experienced. It is greatly envisaged to form an excellent source of reference in MSW management in Asia and Pacific Islands. April 1, 2013 Agamuthu Pariatamby Masaru Tanaka

6 Contents Sustainable Society and Municipal Solid Waste Management... 1 Masaru Tanaka Sustainable 3R Practice in the Asia and Pacific Regions: The Challenges and Issues Agamuthu Pariatamby and S. H. Fauziah Formalization of Informal Recycling in Low-Income Countries Prakriti Kashyap and Chettiyappan Visvanathan 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) in Bangladesh Tariq Bin Yousuf Municipal Solid Waste Management in Cambodia Sour Sethy, Chin Sothun and Rachel Wildblood Municipal Solid Waste Management in China Su Lianghu, Huang Sheng, Niu Dongjie, Chai Xiaoli, Nie Yongfeng and Zhao Youcai Municipal Solid Waste Management in India Kurian Joseph Municipal Solid Waste Management in Indonesia Enri Damanhuri, Widhi Handoko and Tri Padmi Municipal Solid Waste Management in Japan Masaru Tanaka Management of Municipal Solid Waste in Korea Dal-Ki Min and Seung-Whee Rhee MSW Management in Malaysia-Changes for Sustainability Agamuthu Pariatamby vii

7 viii Contents State of Municipal Solid Waste Management in the Municipalities of Nepal Surya Man Shakya and Bhushan Tuladhar Solid Waste Management in Pacific Island Countries and Territories Esther Richards and David Haynes Municipal Solid Waste Management in the Philippines Albert Altarejos Magalang Solid Waste Management in Sri Lanka B. F. A. Basnayake and C. Visvanathan Municipal Solid Waste Management in Taiwan: From Solid Waste to Sustainable Material Management Harvey Houng, Shu-Hung Shen and Hsiao-Kang Ma Municipal Solid Waste Management in Thailand: Challenges and Strategic Solution Orawan Siriratpiriya Municipal Solid Waste Management in Vietnam Challenges and Solutions Nguyen Thi Kim Thai

8 Contributors B. F. A. Basnayake Solid Waste Management Research Unit, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka, Enri Damanhuri Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ITB, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia, Niu Dongjie The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, China S. H. Fauziah Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Widhi Handoko Water and Sanitation Training Institute, Jalan Chairil Anwar I/1, Bekasi 17113, Indonesia David Haynes Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme, P.O. Box 240, Apia, Samoa, Harvey Houng Environmental Protection Administration, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., Kurian Joseph Environmental Engineering, Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai , India, Prakriti Kashyap School of Environment Resources and Development, Environmental Engineering and Management Program, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand Su Lianghu The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Hsiao-Kang Ma National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. Albert Altarejos Magalang Climate Change Office and Philippine DNA for CDM-TEC Waste Management, Environmental Management Bureau, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Quezon City, Philippines, ix

9 x Contributors Dal-Ki Min Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Tri Padmi Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ITB, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia P. Agamuthu Solid and Hazardous Waste Management, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Center for Waste Management Research, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Waste Management and Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Seung-Whee Rhee Environmental Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Korea, Esther Richards Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme, P.O. Box 240, Apia, Samoa, Yong-Chil Seo Environmental Engineering, Korea Society of Waste Management, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea Sour Sethy Department of Environmental Science, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Surya Man Shakya Sr. Environmental Engineer SchEMS, Kathmandu, Nepal, Shu-Hung Shen Environmental Protection Administration, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. Huang Sheng The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Chin Sothun Department of Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Environment, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Masaru Tanaka Sustainability Research Institute, Tottori University of Environmental Studies, Tottori, Japan, Nguyen Thi Kim Thai National University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam, Bhushan Tuladhar Sr. Environmental Engineer SchEMS, Kathmandu, Nepal C. Visvanathan School of Environment Resources and Development, Environmental Engineering and Management Program, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand, Rachel Wildblood Independent Consultant, Solid Waste and Environmental Management, London, UK

10 Contributors xi Chai Xiaoli The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Nie Yongfeng Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Zhao Youcai The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, China, tongji.eud.cn Tariq Bin Yousuf Superintending Engineer, Environment, Climate Change and Disaster Management, Dhaka North City Corporation, 81 Gulshan Avenue, 1212 Dhaka, Bangladesh,