Views on Energy Efficiency: The Role for International Cooperation

Transcription

1 Views on Energy Efficiency: The Role for International Cooperation Richard A. Bradley, PhD Head, Energy Efficiency Environment Division International Energy Agency 20th Session of the Steering Committee of the Energy Efficiency 21 (EE21) Project 4 June 2009 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2 Energy efficiency - first fuel Hypothetical energy use without efficiency improvements Energy Savings 58% EJ Actual energy use

3 25 energy efficiency policy recommendations across 7 priority areas 1. Across sectors 1.1 Measures for increasing investment in energy efficiency; 1.2 National energy efficiency strategies goals; 1.3 Compliance, monitoring, enforcement evaluation of energy efficiency measures; 1.4 Energy efficiency indicators; 1.5 Monitoring reporting progress with the IEA energy efficiency recommendations themselves. 2. Buildings 2.1 Building codes for new buildings; 2.2 Passive Energy Houses Zero Energy Buildings; 2.3 Policy packages to promote energy efficiency in existing buildings; 2.4 Building certification schemes; 2.5 Energy efficiency improvements in glazed areas. 3. Appliances 3.1 Matory energy performance requirements or labels; 3.2 Low-power modes, including stby power, for electronic networked equipment; 3.3 Televisions set-top boxes; 3.4 Energy performance test stards measurement protocols. 4. Lighting.1 Best practice lighting the phase-out of incescent bulbs; 4.2 Ensuring least-cost lighting in nonresidential buildings the phase-out of inefficient fuel-based lighting. 5. Transport 5.1 Fuel-efficient tyres; 5.2 Matory fuel efficiency stards for light-duty vehicles; 5.3 Fuel economy of heavy-duty vehicles; 5.4 Eco-driving. 6. Industry 6.1 Collection of high quality energy efficiency data for industry; 6.2 Energy performance of electric motors; 6.3 Assistance in developing energy management capability; 6.4 Policy packages to promote energy efficiency in small medium-sized enterprises. 7. Utilities 7.1 Utility end-use energy efficiency schemes.

4 IEA 25 energy efficiency policy recommendations across 7 priority areas Global implementation of recommendations could save around 8.2 GtCO 2 /yr by 2030; this is equivalent to 20% of global reference scenario energy related CO 2 emissions in 2030

5 What is the role for international cooperation? Where is it most appropriate? Cooperation is not always helpful Competition can motivate Two broad types: Information exchange on: Best policy practices Future regulatory plans Cooperative incentive setting From voluntary to regulatory International Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation Launched on 24 May 2009 at G8+ Energy Minister s meeting in Rome

6 Buildings largest end use of energy Buildings are the largest end use of energy Buildings including installed appliances account for 40 % of the worlds end use of energy. Most is used for building envelope For heating, cooling, ventilation hot sanitary water. This is in particular for residential buildings 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% IEA, Energy Use in the New Millennium, 2007, 14 selected IEA countries 0% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 29% 26% 23% 26% 22% 22% 13% 14% 10% 11% % 15% 54% 20% 18% 17% 4% 5% 4% 4% OECD/IEA, 2008

7 Overall U-value Over All U-values 3,00 Max. U-value (W/m² s) 2,50 2,00 1,50 1,00 Ontario Scinavia EUROPE: IECC Japan: North America Australia, New Zeal 0,50 0,00 Sweden Passive house HHD 18 C Corr. IEA Information Paper: Energy Efficiency in Building Codes Energy Efficiency in New Buildings OECD/IEA, 2008

8 Example Building codes in Denmark Long tradition with building codes to ensure policy targets Building codes sets targets for buildings industry. France, UK others countries are on the same path! New decision for 2020 (less than 2 litre or just above 15 kwh/year/m² Approved by parliament 2008 Average existing buildings Litre oil per m2 Path to PH / ZEB BR-82 BR-95 BR-2006 BR-2010 BR-2015 Source: Danish Energy Authority Renato Ezban, Workshop on compliance Paris Mach OECD/IEA, 2008

9 Residential electricity consumption in IEA countries Despite national efforts, electricity consumption is growing at nearly twice the rate estimated in Cool Appliances, 2003

10 Drivers in residential electricity consumption USA, Australia,

11 Looking Forward BAU electricity likely to grow by 250% by 2030

12 And traded internationally

13 Special attributes of Electronic appliances reach high ownership rates more rapidly than many traditional household appliances The ceiling for ownership levels of electronic appliances is not well understood New functionality accelerates turnover prior to the technical end of life Electronic goods are shipped with advanced features enabled, which have an energy cost However the average consumer may not use these capabilities

14 Tackling Stby Power Less Consumption Fewer Power Stations Lower Costs Source: IEA estimates

15 Screen sizes have increased also energy consumption

16 The number of TVs per household has grown

17 TVs are used for more functions are on for longer

18 The role of government policies for ICT CE These potential savings will not occur without policy intervention Policies should encouraging to use their capacity to be smarter To regulate their power requirements to the functions provided, i.e. only use what they need Automated so not reliant upon behaviour of consumers Applied across the broad spectrum of electronic equipment Countries should develop forward plans, coordinated with other economies industry Specify long-term interim targets (energy or GHGs) Identify policy measures to assist The book identifies more than 30 detailed policies for ICT CE equipment

19 Implementing these measures would halve TV energy consumption