Freight Information Gathering System & Container Handling Statistics April March 2016

Transcription

1 Freight Information Gathering System & Container Handling Statistics April March 216 July 216 Ensuring our transport system helps New Zealand thrive ISSN:

2 Contents 1. Executive summary... 3 Section A Trade Data... 4 Section B Coastal Bulk Cargo Section C Container Freight Container shipping at a glance Map 1: Container loads and discharges (full and empty) Map 2: Container loads and discharges (full) Map 3: Container loads and discharges (empty) Container movements: imports, exports, and transhipment loads International ship visits and container exchanges Ship visits Exports and imports 2 foot and 4 foot container balance Coastal movements Map 4: Arrival port where the containers are from Map 5: Departure port where the containers are going Containerised export classification Land transportation mode road or rail Coastal movements of containers on domestic ships Hazardous containerised cargo Section D Container Handling Statistics Section E Rail and Road Data FIGS cargo movements explanatory note Glossary Appendix A Quarterly Trade Commodity Codes Page 2 of 45

3 1. Executive summary This Freight Information Gathering System (FIGS) report covers the period 1 April 215 to 31 March 216. Exports and imports 36.6 million tonnes were exported from New Zealand by sea in the year to March 216. By volume, 68 percent was bulk exports, and 32 percent was containerised. The real value of sea exports was $4.4 billion, of which 82 percent was containerised and 18 percent was bulk export. 2.7 million tonnes were imported by sea in the year to March 216. In real value, imports by sea were worth $53.3 billion. More information on quarterly trade data is available in section A. Ship visits New Zealand is continuing to see a marked increase in ship visits made by large ships. In the quarter ending June 212 there were 5 ship visits from ships of 4 TEU or greater. In the quarter ending March 216 there were 5 ships of 4 TEU or greater. Approximately 48 percent of import and export containers travel on ships of 4 TEU or greater. More information about ship visits is available in section C. Container handling statistics The container handling statistics for New Zealand measure ship rate, crane rate, and vessel rate. The weighted average ship rate, the average crane rate, and the weighted average vessel rate per labour hour were relatively unchanged in the quarter ending March 216. More information about container handling statistics is available in section D. Rail freight Dairy and milk products, wood products, and coal were the largest commodity groups moved by rail in the year to March 216. Cumulatively they accounted for 59.5 percent of all rail tonnes, and 44 percent of all rail tonne-kms. More information about rail movements is available in section E. Page 3 of 45

4 Section A Trade Data The following data has been provided by Statistics New Zealand. It provides a summary of all international freight movements, both containerised and bulk. All values have been split into sea and airfreight. Appendix A provides more detail on commodity codes. Note : Figures A1, A2, A5, A6 and A9 there are no 213 ironsands exports via port Taharoa in the information provided to FIGS by Customs/Statistics NZ. This is known not to be correct, and we expect this will be corrected and these graphs will be updated. Figure A1: Rolling 12 month real export value ($m) 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, 8Q4 9Q4 1Q4 11Q4 12Q4 13Q4 14Q4 15Q4 Containerised Bulk Figures A1 and A2 show the value and volume of bulk and containerised trade from New Zealand. Containers made up the majority of value for exports, at 82 percent for the year to March 216, whereas bulk provided the majority of volume for exports, at 68 percent. 3, Figure A2: Rolling 12 month export volume (tonnes ) 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, 8Q4 9Q4 1Q4 11Q4 12Q4 13Q4 14Q4 15Q4 Containerised Figures A3 and A4 shows that the average value per tonne over the year to March 216 for containerised goods is 1 times higher than for bulk exports, at $2,875 to $285. Bulk 3, 2,8 2,6 2,4 2,2 2, Figure A3: Real containerised export value per tonne (NZ $) 8Q4 9Q2 9Q4 1Q2 1Q4 11Q2 11Q4 12Q2 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q Figure A4: Real bulk export value per tonne (NZ $) 8Q4 9Q2 9Q4 1Q2 1Q4 11Q2 11Q4 12Q2 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Page 4 of 45

5 45, 4, Figure A5: Sea export volume (tonnes ) Rolling 12 month totals Forestry products 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, Other, confidential Metals Machinery, electrical, transport Chemicals, plastics, rubber Minerals, coal, oil 5, Q4 1Q4 2Q4 3Q4 4Q4 5Q4 6Q4 7Q4 8Q4 9Q4 1Q4 11Q4 12Q4 13Q4 14Q4 15Q4 Food, skins, wool Dairy 36.6 million tonnes were exported through sea ports in the year to March 216, a small increase from the year to December million tonnes were forestry products. 45, Figure A6: Real sea export value ($m) Rolling 12 month totals Forestry products 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, Other, confidential Metals Machinery, electrical, transport Chemicals, plastics, rubber Minerals, coal, oil Food, skins, wool Dairy Q4 1Q4 2Q4 3Q4 4Q4 5Q4 6Q4 7Q4 8Q4 9Q4 1Q4 11Q4 12Q4 13Q4 14Q4 15Q4 The real value of sea exports in the year to March 216 was $4.4 billion, of which $1.8 billion was dairy. The real value of dairy exports decreased slightly from the year to December 215. Page 5 of 45

6 25, Figure A7: Sea import volume (tonnes ) Rolling 12 month totals 2, 15, Other Vehicles (road,rail,air,sea) Machinery/electrical 1, Metals 5, Chemicals, plastics, rubbers Oil and coal Q4 1Q4 2Q4 3Q4 4Q4 5Q4 6Q4 7Q4 8Q4 9Q4 1Q4 11Q4 12Q4 13Q4 14Q4 15Q4 Food 2.7 million tonnes were imported through sea ports in the year to March 216, of which 7.3 million tonnes were oil and coal. The real value of sea imports in the year to March 216 was $49.1 billion. Vehicles account for $9.2 billion, oil and coal accounted for $6.1 and chemicals, plastics, and rubber accounted for $7.5 billion. 6, 5, 4, 3, Figure A8: Real sea import value ($m) Rolling 12 month totals Other Vehicles (road,rail,air,sea) Machinery/electrical Metals 2, Chemicals, plastics, rubber 1, Oil and coal Food Q4 1Q4 2Q4 3Q4 4Q4 5Q4 6Q4 7Q4 8Q4 9Q4 1Q4 11Q4 12Q4 13Q4 14Q4 15Q4 Page 6 of 45

7 Figures A9 and A1 show 12 months export and import tonnage by port. Figure A9: Export tonnage () 12 months ending March 1 North Port 2 Ports of Auckland 3 Taharoa 4 Port of Tauranga 5 Port Gisborne 6 Port of Napier 7 Port Taranaki 8 Centreport 9 Port Marlborough A Port Nelson B Lyttelton C Primeport Timaru D Port Otago E Southport /11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 Container Bulk+ unknown Exports from New Zealand s 14 exporting ports over the year to March 216 range from 13.2 million tonnes at Port of Tauranga to 663, tonnes at Port Marlborough. Port of Tauranga continues to be both the biggest bulk and containerised exporting port. Page 7 of 45

8 1 North Port 2 Ports of Auckland 4 Port of Tauranga 5 Port Gisborne 6 Port of Napier 7 Port Taranaki 8 Centreport 9 Port Marl boro A Port Nelson ugh B Lyttelton C Primeport Timaru D Port Otago E Southport 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 21/11 212/13 214/15 211/12 213/14 215/16 211/12 213/14 215/16 211/12 213/14 215/16 215/16 211/12 213/14 215/16 211/12 213/14 215/16 211/12 213/14 215/16 211/12 213/14 215/16 211/12 213/14 215/16 Figure A1: Import tonnage () 12 months ending March Container Bulk+ unknown The highest volume of imports at a New Zealand seaport was 5.5 million tonnes at North Port. North Port continues to be the largest bulk importer, whilst Ports of Auckland continues to be the largest containerised importer with 2.9 million tonnes. Page 8 of 45

9 12 Figure A11: Air trade volume (tonnes ) Rolling 12 month totals Q4 1Q4 2Q4 3Q4 4Q4 5Q4 6Q4 7Q4 8Q4 9Q4 1Q4 11Q4 12Q4 13Q4 14Q4 15Q4 Volume exported Volume imported The volume of New Zealand exports and imports by air has been increasing. The volume in the year to March 216 was up 1.7 percent on the year to March 215. Air freight carried.3 percent of New Zealand s exports by volume, and 15.3 percent by value in the year to March 216. It also carried.5 percent of imports by volume and 22.1 percent of imports by value. 16, Figure A12: Real air trade value ($m) Rolling 12 month totals 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, Q4 1Q4 2Q4 3Q4 4Q4 5Q4 6Q4 7Q4 8Q4 9Q4 1Q4 11Q4 12Q4 13Q4 14Q4 15Q4 Real value exported Real value imported Page 9 of 45

10 Figure A13 provides a breakdown of forestry product exports by type. Forestry products comprised 53.7 percent of New Zealand s sea exports by volume and 11.3 percent of sea exports by value in the year to March 216. Forestry products exported were 19.8 million tonnes in the year to March 216, of which 79.2 percent were logs, 8.7 percent were pulp and paper, 9.5 percent were processed timber, and 2.6 percent were wood chips. 25, Figure A13: Foresty product export volume (tonnes) 2, 15, 1, 5, wood chips pulp and paper processed timber logs 5Q4 6Q4 7Q4 8Q4 9Q4 1Q4 11Q4 12Q4 13Q4 14Q4 15Q4 Logs at $131 per tonne make up 42.3 percent of forestry exports by value, processed timber at $8 a tonne make up 3.9 percent, pulp and paper at $724 a tonne make up 25.5 percent, and wood chips at $113 a tonne make up 1.2 percent. 6, Figure A14: Foresty product export value ($m) 5, 4, 3, 2, wood chips pulp and paper processed timber logs 1, 5Q4 6Q4 7Q4 8Q4 9Q4 1Q4 11Q4 12Q4 13Q4 14Q4 15Q4 Page 1 of 45

11 Section B Coastal Bulk Cargo The following data has been provided by Coastal Oil Logistics Ltd and Z Energy Ltd, for domestic oil shipments since July 29. Coastal Oil Logistics Ltd is owned by, and provides oil supply to, New Zealand s four largest petrol companies: BP Oil New Zealand Ltd, Chevron New Zealand Ltd, Mobil Oil New Zealand Ltd, and Z Energy Ltd. This data includes oil shipped to Auckland by Z Energy on their barge Awanuia. 7, Figure B1: Oil deliveries from Marsden Point 6, 5, Tonnes 4, 3, 2, 1, Apr11-Mar12 Apr12-Mar13 Apr13-Mar14 Apr14-Mar15 Apr15-Mar16 Mount Maunganui remains the largest single destination for oil deliveries, followed by Lyttelton and Wellington million tonnes of oil were shipped domestically from Marsden Point in the year to March 216. Page 11 of 45

12 Section C Container Freight 2. Container shipping at a glance This section of the report provides data since January 212. The graphs that follow illustrate the following major trends: The five main ports have increasingly large proportions of their import/export containers travelling on ships of 4 TEU or more in the quarter ending March 216. Lyttelton Port had 71 percent, Port Otago had 6 percent, Port of Tauranga had 51 percent, Ports of Auckland had 4 percent, and Port of Napier had 41 percent. Around 48 percent of import/export containers travel on ships of 4 TEU or more. 4 foot refrigerated containers have replaced some of the 2 foot refrigerated containers. Since 212, the percentage of full export containers has dropped from 88 percent to 87 percent. Because of the high number of refrigerated containers that are imported empty, only about 7.9 percent of import containers are full. Port of Tauranga volumes have increased because Maersk has moved a service from Auckland to Tauranga, and Ports of Auckland volumes have dropped. PrimePort Timaru TEU was at its lowest at below 2, TEU in the year ending December 213, but has been increasing since then to around 81,876 TEU in the year ending March 216. Page 12 of 45

13 TEU volumes Since 212, imported TEU volumes are up 14% and export volumes are up 12%. Some of the recent domestic growth is containerised cement Dec12 Jun13 Dec13 Jun14 Dec14 Jun15 Dec15 Export Import Domestic Transhipment/re-export/? Import and export containers moved on ships of 4 TEU or more The proportion of import and export containers moved on ships of 4 TEU or more peaked at over 5% in February 215, but has fallen to around 44.2% in March 216. Cargo on ships of 4 TEU or more (rolling 12 months) Ships of 4 TEU or more handle a significant share of the import and export containers at the five main ports Port Otago, Lyttelton, Port of Tauranga, Ports of Auckland and Port of Napier. 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% Lyttelton Port Otago Ports of Auckland Port of Napier Centreport Port of Tauranga % Dec12 Jun13 Dec13 Jun-14 Dec-14 Jun-15 Dec-15 Area export containers full (rolling 12 months)? Since 212 there was a decline overall in the percentage of containers exported full, due mainly to a rise in the rate of empty 2 foot containers being exported, but it has since recovered to 212 levels. Almost all reefer containers exported are full. 1 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 9% 8% 7% Containers exported - 12 month totals 1% % 6% Dec12 Jun13 Dec13 Jun-14 Dec-14 Jun-15 Dec-15 2ft full 2ft reefer full 4ft full 4ft reefer full All containers Export container types (rolling 12 months) The comparison with 212 shows a move from 2 foot refrigerated containers to 4 foot Are import containers full (rolling 12 months)? There has been a slight increase in the percentage of import containers that are full recently, but the overall rate is limited as most refrigerated containers arrive empty. 1% 8% 12 6% Dec-12 Jun-13 Dec-13 Jun-14 Dec-14 Jun-15 Dec-15 2ft 2ft reefer 4ft 4ft reefer 4% 2% % Dec-12 Jun-13 Dec-13 Jun-14 Dec-14 Jun-15 Dec-15 2ft full 2ft reefer full 4ft full 4ft reefer full All containers 1 Further information is provided in the Supplementary FIGS report empty container movements at - Page 13 of 45

14 Import container types (rolling 12 months) The import container mix shows the same trend as the export mix an increase in 4ft relative to Land movement of containers to/from the ports (quarterly) Rail s relative share of the container movements to and from the ports had been dropping, but is going up again due to the higher numbers through Tauranga. 16, 12, 8, 9 8 Dec-12 Jun-13 Dec-13 Jun-14 Dec-14 Jun-15 Dec-15 2ft 2ft reefer 4ft 4ft reefer 4, 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 Rail In Rail Out Road In Road Out Size of container ships visiting NZ (quarterly) The visits by ships of 4 TEU or more to New Zealand started increasing in quarter 4 of % 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q Total TEU capacity of ships visiting NZ (quarterly) Adding ships of 4 TEU or more to the NZ trade lead to a considerable increase in nominal capacity. 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q TEU exchanges by ships visiting NZ (quarterly) Exchanges by smaller ships have dropped in total and per visit, suggesting that their utilisation may be declining. 45, 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q TEU loads and discharges (rolling 12 months) Imports and exports make up the great majority of loads and discharges. 1,2, 1,, 8, 6, 4, 2, Dec12 Jun13 Dec13 Jun14 Dec14 Jun15 Dec15 Export Import Domestic Transhipment/re-export/? Page 14 of 45

15 Rolling 12 month TEU totals 1,, Ports of Auckland 1,, Port of Tauranga 8, 8, 6, 6, 4, 4, 2, 2, 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Export Import Domestic Tranship+other 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Export Import Domestic Tranship+other 3, Port of Napier 2, Port Taranaki 25, 2, 15, 15, 1, 1, 5, 5, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Export Import Domestic Tranship+other Centreport 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 Export Import Domestic Tranship+other Port Nelson 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Export Import Domestic Tranship+other 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Export Import Domestic Tranship+other 4, Lyttelton 1, Primeport Timaru 3, 8, 2, 6, 4, 1, 2, 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Export Import Domestic Tranship+other 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Export Import Domestic Tranship+other 2, Port Otago 4, Southport 15, 3, 1, 2, 5, 1, 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Export Import Domestic Tranship+other 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Export Import Domestic Tranship+other Page 15 of 45

16 3. Map 1: Container loads and discharges (full and empty) Page 16 of 45

17 4. Map 2: Container loads and discharges (full) Page 17 of 45

18 5. Map 3: Container loads and discharges (empty) Page 18 of 45

19 6. Container movements: imports, exports, and transhipment loads Figure C1 shows the split of imports, exports, and transhipment movements by port over the last 12 months. Please note: These graphs show TEU movements. Imports are reported to FIGS as container discharges, exports as container loads, and coastal transhipments as a load in one port and a discharge in another. To prevent double counting of transhipments only loads of coastal transhipments are included in this analysis. 1% Figure C1: Import, export and transhipment movements (TEU) 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Ports of Port of Port of Port Centreport Port Lyttelton PrimePort Port South Port Auckland Tauranga Napier Taranaki Nelson Timaru Otago Imports Exports Export transhipment load Import transhipment load Figure C1 shows that by type of container movement, imports were the most common at Ports of Auckland, while exports were the most common at Port of Tauranga. Figure C2: Import, export and transhipment movements (TEU) 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Ports of Auckland Port of Tauranga Port of Napier Port Centreport Taranaki Port Nelson Lyttelton PrimePort Timaru Port Otago South Port Imports Exports Export transhipment load Import transhipment load Figure C2 shows that the Ports of Tauranga had the largest overall TEU movements, and Auckland had the majority of import transhipment loads. Page 19 of 45

20 7. International ship visits and container exchanges The following information relates only to TEU carried on international ships. For a definition of international ship, see page port visits and 99 ship visits were made in the year to March 216. A ship visit is a trip to New Zealand by a vessel. Multiple ports may be visited on one ship visit. A port visit is a visit to a specific port by a vessel. A ship that visited multiple ports will be recorded in multiple columns. Table 9: International port visits April 215 March 216 Ports of Auckland Port of Tauranga Port of Napier Ship size? 1 1 < 5 teu teu teu teu teu teu teu teu teu teu teu Total Centreport Port Nelson Lyttelton Primeport Timaru Port Otago Southport Figure C3 shows the average, maximum, and median number of TEU exchanged per ship visit at each port in the year to March 216. The largest exchange was made at Port of Tauranga, where 5,22 TEU were exchanged in a single visit. 6, Figure C3: TEU exchanges by international ships Apr Mar 216 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, average maximum median Page 2 of 45

21 Figure C4 shows the trend to ships of 4 TEU or more visiting New Zealand. 25, Figure C4: Total TEU exchanges by ships visiting NZ, by ship size 2, 15, 1, 5, 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q teu teu teu teu 4+ teu 5, Figure C5: TEU exchanges per visit to NZ, by ship size 4,5 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q teu teu teu teu 4+ teu Page 21 of 45

22 8. Ship visits The following information is derived from the Marine Safety Charge statistics, from Maritime New Zealand. Figure C6 shows trends in the number and types of ships that have visited New Zealand since 27. The number of container ship visits has fallen over this time. 3 Figure C6: Quarterly ship visits Q3 8Q3 9Q3 1Q3 11Q3 12Q3 13Q3 14Q3 15Q3 Container ships Bulk Carrier Oil/gas/tanker General Cargo Reefer Roro Vehicle Carrier Passenger Ship Figure C7 shows that the median size and overall capacity of ships visiting New Zealand has not recently changed. 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Figure C7: Total and median quarterly TEU capacity 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 7Q3 8Q3 9Q3 1Q3 11Q3 12Q3 13Q3 14Q3 15Q3 Total ship TEU capacity Median ship TEU capacity Max TEU size Page 22 of 45

23 Figures C8 C1 shows the TEU capacity mix of the container ships that have visited New Zealand. The number of visits by ships of 4 TEU or more has increased since Figure C8: Size of container ships visiting NZ (TEU) Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q teu teu teu teu 4+ teu 1% Figure C9: Size of container ships visiting NZ (TEU) 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q , Figure C1: Total TEU capacity of ships visiting NZ 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q Note: Total TEU capacity is nominal as it may not be possible to fully load ships due to the weight of New Zealand export containers, and on some trade routes the ships may already be partially loaded with containers from Australia. Page 23 of 45

24 9. Exports and imports 2 foot and 4 foot container balance Figure C11 shows the net tonnage (loaded container weight less the weight of the container) exported by container type. The earlier trend towards 4ft reefer containers is now happening with dry containers. 6,, Figure C11: Net export tonnage Rolling 12 month totals 5,, 4,, 3,, 2,, 1,, 12Q4 13Q1 13Q2 13Q3 13Q4 14Q1 14Q2 14Q3 14Q4 15Q1 15Q2 15Q3 15Q4 16Q1 2ft 4ft 2ft reefer 4ft reefer Figure C12 shows the net tonnes imported by container type. 4ft dry containers are now carrying a larger share of imports than previously. 4,, Figure C12: Net import tonnage Rolling 12 month totals 3,, 2,, 1,, 12Q4 13Q1 13Q2 13Q3 13Q4 14Q1 14Q2 14Q3 14Q4 15Q1 15Q2 15Q3 15Q4 16Q1 2ft 4ft 2ft reefer 4ft reefer There is more information in the above section Container shipping at a glance on page 12. Page 24 of 45

25 1. Coastal movements Figure C13 shows the movements of containers, both intra and inter-island. In recent quarters the greatest movements have been North Island to South Island full (NI to SI full), and South Island to North Island full (SI to NI full) and intra-north Island empty (NI to NI empty). The large number of intra-north Island empty movements are due to trade imbalance (Ports of Auckland is New Zealand s largest container import port, and Port of Tauranga is the largest port for container exports). This imbalance requires the movement of empty containers around the country. 5, Figure C13: Movements between NZ ports Rolling 12 month totals 4, 3, 2, 1, 14Q1 14Q2 14Q3 14Q4 15Q1 15Q2 15Q3 15Q4 16Q1 NI to NI Empty NI to NI Full NI to SI Empty NI to SI Full SI to NI Empty SI to NI Full SI to SI Empty SI to SI Full Figure C14 shows the growth in coastal movements relative to 212. For instance the 13Q1 bar shows the 12 months to March 213 relative to 212. Coastal movements have grown slightly more than imports and exports (also see the above Container shipping at a glance on page 12). 12 Figure C14: Growth in coastal movements Rolling 12 months Q4 13Q1 13Q2 13Q3 13Q4 14Q1 14Q2 14Q3 14Q4 15Q1 15Q2 15Q3 15Q4 16Q1 Maps 4 and 5 show where coastal container movements originate and finish. Page 25 of 45

26 11. Map 4: Arrival port where the containers are from Coastal TEU movements 35, 17,5 3,5 to Ports of Auckland to Port of Tauranga to Port of Napier to Port Taranaki to CentrePort to Port Nelson to Lyttelton to PrimePort Timaru to Port Otago to South Port Page 26 of 45

27 12. Map 5: Departure port where the containers are going Coastal TEU movements 35, 17,5 3,5 from Ports of Auckland from Port Tauranga from Port of Napier from Port Taranaki from Centreport from Port Nelson from Lyttelton from PrimePort Timaru from Port Otago from South Port Page 27 of 45

28 13. Containerised export classification Dairy products are the largest containerised export commodity group. Food varies by season from 54 percent to 67 percent of the classifiable TEU. Wood and paper products vary between 23 percent and 33 percent (some of the cargo in the FIGS data feed cannot be classified). 2, Figure C15: Export TEU 15, 1, 5, 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 Animal : dairy Animal : meat Animal : fish Foodstuffs Vegetable products Wood products Paper products Other Not classifiable Note: Unclassified food has been included in foodstuffs 1% Figure C16: Share of the classified TEU 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 Food Wood+paper products Page 28 of 45

29 Table 13 shows the types of container used for imports and exports of commodities. Exports of cargo in full containers were mostly classified. Imports of full containers were mostly unknown. Table 13: Container types used for exports and imports Exports 4ft reefer 2ft reefer Imports 4ft reefer 2ft dry 2ft reefer 4ft dry 2ft dry 4ft dry Full container, unknown cargo Animal : meat Animal : dairy Animal : fish Animal : other Foodstuffs Chemicals Hides, skins, leather and furs Mineral products Machinery/electrical Miscellaneous Metals Plastics/rubbers Stone and glass Transportation Paper products Vegetable products Wood products Textiles, clothes and footwear Food unclassified Total full containers Total empty containers Total containers % full 77.3% 98.4% 9.3% 96.9% 91.1% 2.3% 75.6% 37.5% Full TEU 844, ,99 Empty TEU 18, ,887 All TEU 952,61 964,988 Note: Reefer containers may not necessarily be operating in refrigerator mode. Page 29 of 45

30 14. Land transportation mode road or rail A larger proportion of land movements of containers into and out of ports are now by road (see Container shipping at a glance on page 12 and the following graph on page 14). Port Otago had portions of its gate-in and gate-out made by unknown land mode (indicated by? in the graphs below), meaning the road figures may be misleading. TEU 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, Figure C17: Land mode into the port 14Q2 14Q3 14Q4 15Q1 15Q2 15Q3 15Q4 16Q1 1, Rail Road Rail Road Rail Road Rail Road Road Rail Road Rail Road? Rail Road Road Auckland Tauranga Napier Taranaki Nelson Lyttelton Timaru Otago Southport TEU 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, Figure C18: Land mode out of the port 14Q2 14Q3 14Q4 15Q1 15Q2 15Q3 15Q4 16Q1 1, Rail Road Rail Road Rail Road Rail Road Road Rail Road Rail Road? Rail Road Road Auckland Tauranga Napier Taranaki Nelson Lyttelton Timaru Otago Southport Note: These figures do not include CentrePort, who asked that their land transportation mode figures not be made public. Page 3 of 45

31 15. Coastal movements of containers on domestic ships Containers are carried on both international and domestic ships. The vessels regarded as domestic for FIGS purposes are the Spirit of Endurance, the Spirit of Independence, and the Spirit of Resolution and the Spirit of Canterbury. At the date of this report, the current domestic ship is the Spirit of Canterbury. Figures C19 and C2 show the share of coastal movements on domestic ships. The share that Pacifica is carrying decreased following the retirement of one of their vessels. 6, Figure C19: Coastal loads 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1% 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 International ship - domestic International ship - export tranship International ship - import tranship NZ ship - domestic NZ ship - export tranship NZ ship - import tranship Figure C2: Coastal loads 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 NZ ships International ships Page 31 of 45

32 16. Hazardous containerised cargo The shippers define whether cargo is hazardous. Examples of the types of cargo defined as hazardous include chemicals, poisons, and gas cylinders. Figure C21 shows hazardous TEU by shipment type. Most hazardous cargo are imports. 1, Figure C21: Hazardous TEU 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 12Q1 12Q3 13Q1 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 Import Export Domestic Re-export Export tranship Import tranship Page 32 of 45

33 Section D Container Handling Statistics The following graphs show the relative container handling productivity of New Zealand s six largest container ports: Auckland, Tauranga, Napier, Wellington, Lyttelton, and Otago. Information is provided from 29. Data for Australia is provided until the end of the June quarter 215, and is obtained from the Australian Bureau of Infrastructure and Transport s December 215 report Waterline Figure D1 shows the total number of containers moved by each of the ports since 29. There are slight differences between the total container movements reported in the FIGS and container handling statistics data. This difference is due to the inclusion of restows in the container handling data that are not included in FIGS. This is appropriate, as restows add to port activity, but not freight movement. Across the six ports, the difference in container volumes is 2.2 percent, with the container handling statistics volumes being higher by 9,382 containers in the quarter ending March , Figure D1: Containers 16, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, - Auckland Tauranga Napier Wellington Lyttelton Otago 2 The Waterline 57 report is available through the Australian Department of Infrastructure and Transport, and at Page 33 of 45

34 The ship rate is the rate at which a ship is unloaded how many containers are moved on or off a ship in an hour. The weighted average ship rate decreased slightly from 76.2 in the quarter ending December 215, to 76 containers per hour in the quarter ending March 216. Data is available for Australia up to June 215, at which time New Zealand s weighted average ship rate of 76.7 containers per hour exceeded the average Australia s top five ports by 24.3 containers per hour. 3 1 Figure D2: Ship rate Containers per hour Auckland Tauranga Napier Wellington Lyttelton Otago NZ Weighted average Australia's top five average The crane rate is the number of containers a dockside crane lifts on or off a container ship in an hour. 4 The average crane rate increased slight at 34.1 containers per hour in the quarter ending March 216. In the quarter ending June 215, the New Zealand crane rate exceeded the average Australia s top five ports by 4.4 containers per hour. 4 Figure D3: Crane rate Auckland Containers per hour Tauranga Napier Wellington Lyttelton Otago NZ Weighted average Australia's top five average 3 The Australian ports identified here are Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, and Freemantle. Collectively, these five ports move 9 percent of Australia s container traffic. 4 Napier is the only port to use a mobile crane, with the other five using gantry cranes. Napier is not directly comparable with the other New Zealand ports. Page 34 of 45

35 The vessel rate is the number of containers loaded and unloaded from a ship divided by the amount of labour time. The New Zealand weighted average for the quarter ending March 216 was 62.2 containers per labour hour, a small decrease from 64.1 in the quarter ending December 215. The June 215 weighted average vessel rate of 61.5 exceeded Australia s top five average of Figure D4: Vessel rate Containers per hour Auckland Tauranga Napier Wellington Lyttelton Otago NZ Weighted average Australia's top five average Page 35 of 45

36 Section E Rail and Road Data 17. Rail movements and volumes Figure E1 shows total rail movements by region for the year to March 216. This way of displaying data results in some instances of overlaps, as a movement from the West Coast to Canterbury is counted as both a movement from the West Coast and a movement to Canterbury. The largest group of movements were within the Bay of Plenty region, followed by movements into Canterbury, and from Auckland. Total rail tonnes for the year ending March 216 fell slightly from the year ending December ,5, Figure E1: Rail movements - tonnes Apr 215-Mar 216 3,, 2,5, 2,, 1,5, 1,, Internal To other regions From other regions 5, Figure E2 shows movements by rail tonne-kms for the year to March 216. Movements into Canterbury continue to be the largest amount of tonne-kms, followed by movements out of Auckland. Tonne-kms are tonnes carried multiplied by the kilometres moved, i.e. three tonnes of freight moved two kilometres is six tonne-km. 1,6, Figure E2: Rail movements - tonne kms Apr 215-Mar 216 1,4, 1,2, 1,, 8, 6, 4, Internal To other regions From other regions 2, Page 36 of 45

37 The following graphs provide a breakdown of rail tonnes and rail tonne-kms by commodity type for the year to March 216. The largest commodity type was wood, pulp, and paper, which was 26.6 percent of rail tonnes, followed by dairy and milk, with 19.8 percent. 2, Figure E3: Rail tonnes () Rolling 12 months 18, 16, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Other Food/fish/meat Metals Unspecified Wood/pulp/paper Dairy+milk Freight Forwarding Coal Total net rail tonne km dropped by 1.9% percent in the year ending March 216, against the year ending December 215. Continuing the downward trend from the year ending March 214, there was a 6.8 percent decrease in the rail tonne-kms for coal in the year ending March 216, from the rail tonne-kms for the year ending December , Figure E4: Rail tonne km (millions) Rolling 12 months 4,5 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 Other Food/fish/meat Metals Unspecified Wood/pulp/paper Dairy+milk Freight Forwarding Coal Figure E3 and Figure E4 show that rail volumes and tonne-kms have been falling since late 212. Page 37 of 45

38 The average rail haul for the year to March 216 was relatively unchanged at 267 km. The largest average haul was metals at 551 km, and the smallest was wood, pulp and paper at 145 km Figure E5: Average haul length (km) Rolling 12 months Other Food/fish/meat Metals Unspecified Wood pulp paper Dairy+milk Freight Forwarding Coal 12Q4 13Q2 13Q4 14Q2 14Q4 15Q2 15Q4 See data tables for more rail freight information. Page 38 of 45

39 18. Road freight the role of High Productivity Motor Vehicles From 1 May 21, high productivity motor vehicles (HPMVs) were allowed to operate on New Zealand roads. Previously the maximum mass limit for a vehicle combination carrying a divisible load without a permit was 44 tonnes and length of around 2 meters. HPMVs are able to carry as much as 62 tonnes and can be longer than standard trucks. The heavier and some longer HPMVs operate under permit on specific routes, which ensure the vehicle dimensions and overall mass are appropriate to the route and any bridges or other structures, which are load limited. If these vehicles operate on other parts of the network then they are limited to the standard mass and axle weight limits again. Most of the longer HPMVs can operate across the network, but some longer HPMVs are only allowed to operate on specified routes. In October 213 the 5MAX class of HPMV was introduced. This vehicle combination has one more axle than conventional 44 tonne vehicles combinations and a longer wheelbase, allowing it to operate at up to 5 tonnes without causing additional road damage. These vehicles can access much of the road network, except for parts of the network where the bridges are not suitable. The intention is to open the entire State Highway network to this class of vehicle, when upgrades to the limited number of bridges needing them are complete 5. The growth in HPMV travel picked up in 214 following the introduction of 5MAX. Figure E6: HPMV travel (millions km) Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 16Q1 Over Dimension Over Mass Over Dimension & Mass (*) (*) includes 5Max 4% Figure E7: HPMV share of truck travel 3% 2% 1% % 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 % of heavy truck travel % of all truck travel 5 The restrictions can be seen at: Page 39 of 45

40 If HPMVs did not exist then ordinary 44 tonne combinations would have to do extra travel to carry the HPMV payloads. Figure E8 below shows the extra heavy truck travel that would have resulted based on cargo mass. In reality, the extra travel would be greater than this as there will be cargo that is long enough to require two trips on the smaller combination but only one on an HPMV. 6% Figure E8: Extra heavy truck travel if no HPMV 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % 13Q3 14Q1 14Q3 15Q1 15Q3 Page 4 of 45

41 19. FIGS cargo movements explanatory note The characterisation of cargo movements in FIGS is designed to split shipping movements into international and coastal. For instance, the term "export is confined to international movements in FIGS, and transhipment is confined to coastal movements. Table 1: Definition of International Movements International movements Import Export Re-export The container arrives at a New Zealand port by ship, directly from overseas. Example: Singapore to a New Zealand port. The container is loaded onto a ship in a New Zealand port and is shipped overseas directly. Example: A New Zealand port to China. The container arrives in New Zealand from overseas, is loaded onto a different ship without leaving the port and without the cargo changing, and is then exported. Example: United States of America to a New Zealand port then on to Fiji. Re-exports were first redefined from being full containers only to both full and empty in the September 214 report. Table 2: Definition of Coastal Movements Coastal movements Export transhipment Import transhipment Domestic shipment The container is loaded at a New Zealand port, is shipped to a second New Zealand port, discharged, and is then loaded for export without leaving the second port, and without the cargo changing. Example: New Zealand Port 1 to New Zealand Port 2 to Singapore. The New Zealand Port 2 to Singapore international movement is an export. In FIGS, the New Zealand Port 1 to Port 2 coastal movement is an export transhipment. The cargo arrives from overseas at a New Zealand port, is discharged and then loaded onto another ship without leaving the port or the cargo changing, and is then shipped to a second New Zealand port, is discharged and gated-out. Example: Shanghai to New Zealand Port 1 then to New Zealand Port 2. In FIGS, the Shanghai to New Zealand Port 1 international movement is an import. The New Zealand Port 1 to New Zealand Port 2 coastal movement is an import transhipment. Movements of containers from one New Zealand port to another New Zealand port, which are not import or export transhipments. Example: Gate-in New Zealand Port 1 for loading, then ship to New Zealand Port 2 for discharge and gate-out. Export transhipments of full containers are identified in FIGS using the booking reference, and export transhipments of empty containers are identified by following the sequence of container movements. This approach is being used because although the container load and discharge messages can include a transhipment value, not all ports code it. Page 41 of 45

42 This report only includes containers moved through the container facilities at the ten container ports. For instance, it excludes container movements by the Cook Strait operators, loads in Onehunga, container loads and discharges at the Mount Maunganui wharf and the wharves outside the container port operation in Lyttelton. Page 42 of 45

43 International and Coastal movement diagrams FIGS International movements are shown in blue FIGS Coastal movements are shown in orange Overseas Import NZ Port A Discharge Load onto a different vessel Import transhipment A. Import and import transhipment NZ Port B Discharge Gate-out Overseas Import NZ Port A Discharge Gate-out Gate-in Load Domestic shipment Domestic NZ Port B Discharge Gate-out B. Import and domestic shipment NZ Port A Gate in Load Export transhipment C. Export transhipment and export NZ Port B Discharge Load onto a different vessel Overseas Export Page 43 of 45

44 2. Glossary Coastal movements Discharge Domestic ship DWT FIGS Freight forwarding Gate in Gate out International ship Load Net tonnes Rail tonne-km Reefer TEU A container that is loaded in one New Zealand port and moved to another New Zealand port where the container is discharged. (See page 39 for the three types of coastal movements) Unloading a container from a ship. A ship registered in New Zealand. All New Zealand registered ships must comply with New Zealand labour, safety and maritime laws. For FIGS purposes, domestic ships are: the Spirit of Endurance, the Spirit of Independence, and the Spirit of Canterbury. Deadweight tonnage a measure of how much weight a ship can safely carry. Freight Information Gathering System. The movement of freight by an organisation whose core business is the organisation of freight movements for other businesses or individuals. The entry of a container to a port by road or rail. One exception is containers that are packed within the port. The exit of a container from a port by road or rail. All ships not registered in New Zealand. They must comply with international maritime law, but not New Zealand domestic law. Loading a container onto a ship. Net container weight is the weight of the cargo. It is the gross weight recorded in the port message, less the typical weight for that type of container (2-foot dry, 2-foot reefer, 4-foot dry, or 4-foot reefer). Tonnes carried multiplied by kilometres moved, i.e. three tonnes of freight moved two kilometres is six tonne-km. A reefer is a container that can be refrigerated. Twenty-foot equivalent unit. A 2-foot container is one TEU, and a 4-foot container is two TEU. Page 44 of 45

45 Appendix A Quarterly Trade Commodity Codes Cargo is classified using the Harmonised System (HS); see for more detail. The HS codes have been grouped as follows for FIGS reporting: FIGS category Harmonised code(s) Meat 2 Fish 3 Dairy 4 Animal: other 1,5 Vegetables and fruit 6-15 Foodstuffs Minerals, coal, fuel Chemicals/plastics/rubbers 28-4 Hides, skins, leather Wood products Paper products Textiles/footwear/headwear 5-67 Stone/glass Metals Machinery/electrical Vehicles (road, rail, air, sea) Other (*) 9-97 Confidential Coded as 98 by Statistics New Zealand (*) includes optical fibres, photographic, clocks, watches, musical instruments, arms and ammunition, furniture and furnishings, lighting fixtures, toys, games, sports equipment, art and antiques Page 45 of 45