1.Background JICA PROJECT BRIEF NOTE. May 2014

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1 JICA PROJECT BRIEF NOTE Japanese Technical Cooperation for THE ASSISTANCE RELATED TO DELHI WATER SUPPLY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT IN CHANDRAWAL WATER TREATMENT PLANT COMMAND AREA - Accelerating Implementation of Delhi Water Supply Improvement Project - May 2014 The Republic of India Delhi Chandrawal WTP Comand Area 1.Background The National Capital Territory of Delhi has high rate of non-revenue water (hereinafter referred to as NRW). The current NRW level is estimated between 40 to 50%. Inappropriate operational management and aging facilities are the main causes of this issue. Delhi has five major and a few other smaller water treatment plants catering to a population of about 17 million. Chandrawal Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is the oldest of them. This plant was firstly constructed in 1937 and expanded later in 1950s.. Therefore, the necessity of upgrading the facilities is becoming more demanding. However the long-term asset management plan has not been formulated because of inadequate amount of data on facilities and NRW. Moreover, because there has been no proper maintenance management, the analysis of NRW and NRW reduction measures has not been conducted for long period of time. In addition to postponed upgrade, the water pressure disparity among areas is worsening the situation of NRW. The areas with higher water pressure have serious water leakage problem. High NRW ratio also results into deteriorated financial situation that hinders the accumulation of fund for facilities upgrade. Delhi Jal Board (hereinafter referred to as DJB ) is expected to implement a project based on the Delhi Urban Planning 2021 (Delhi Development Authority 2008). JICA contributed to the formulation of water master plan (hereinafter referred to as MP ) through Study on the Delhi Water Supply Improvement Project. According to the MP, with the prospect of reducing NRW and achieving equitable distribution, the project areas are divided into three tiers: treatment plant to distribution reservoir, distribution reservoir to District Metered Area (DMA) and inside of DMA. Then these three tiers are proposed to be controlled and managed by Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. After completion of the plan, the Government of India requested the Japanese ODA loan project named Delhi Water Supply Improvement Project in Chandrawal WTP command area. The project aims to improve the water -1-

2 supply service by rehabilitation and improvement of the facilities under Chandrawal WTP area as it was prioritized in MP. 2 Approach (1) Outline of Project JICA dispatched the Detailed Planning Survey Team to India to accelerate the project and strengthen DJB s capability on the project implementation. A meeting was held between the Government of India and the team. As a result, JICA and the government of India reached an agreement on establishing The Assistance related to Delhi Water Supply Improvement Project. This project intends to maximize the result of the Japanese ODA loan project by building the foundation for the continuing project and strengthening the technical capacity of DJB. Overall Goal To achieve the equitable and continuous water distribution in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, by improving the water supply network including service network to customers, thereby contributing in upgrading citizen s living standard. Project Goal DJB s capacity for the implementation of Delhi water supply improvement project is strengthened. Expected Output-1 DJB s capacity development in terms of facilities data and information management for Chandrawal. Expected Output-2 DJB s capacity development in monitoring and controlling distribution for equitable distribution and the reduction of NRW. Expected Output-3 Development of step wise scenario for utilizing GIS and RMS. The Japanese ODA loan project is divided into 5 components as listed below. a) Reconstruction and renovation of treatment plant and installation of SCADA b) Construction and replacement of transmission and distribution pipes in western area c) Construction and replacement of transmission and distribution pipes in central area d) Construction and replacement of transmission and distribution pipes in eastern area e) Strengthening of GIS (Geographical Information System) mapping Goals for this project and the Japanese ODA loan project are to: 1. Develop the capacity of aging facilities by facilities upgrade 2. Develop the capacity of distribution by installing SCADA 3. Develop the capacity of the project operation by utilizing GIS and RMS (Revenue Management System) Goal 1 is intended to combat the leakage issue by replacing aging facility, aging distribution pipes and all house connection. In addition, developing database of existing facilities that can be used for making decision on rehabilitation or replacement is assisted. In goal 2, SCADA system is installed while educating how to operate the system. SCADA system would be very effective tool for solving NRW issue. Valve adjustment enables equitable water supply and also it can clarify the gap between supplied amount and actual usage amount. Goal 3 would greatly contribute to strengthen administrative organization of DJB including reduction of NRW. Reflecting on the current DJB administration situation, the medium-term and long-term visions and the issues are to be organized. Based on these visions and the issues, formulation of step wise GIS/RMS development scenarios is assisted. In the next procedure, the asset management plan is to be created with the reference of long-term and medium-term scenarios. Goal 3 ensures well-planned and effective facility update. These three goals will break the current vicious cycle caused by high ratio of NRW as well as make sure that the equitable water supply is realized. In overall, this project will contribute to the water supply business with stable supply and efficient use of limited water resource. Schematic of the relationship between both projects are shown in Figure

3 Figure 1 Schematic of the Projects (2) Organization of Project Implementation (3) Seminar in Delhi and Training in Japan Additional CEO of DJB is the project director of 1) Basic Policy project implementation organization, and Superintending In the seminar in Delhi, lecturers from Waterworks Engineers, Executive Engineers and Japanese Experts are Bureau of Tokyo Metropolitan Government (hereinafter assigned to each of the three activities. The organization referred to as TMWB) are dispatched to make a chart is shown in Figure 2. presentation to the DJB about the knowledge and Japanese experience in water supply issues. The Seminar will be held a total of 6 times (2 times / year 3) during the project period. It is also planned to provide two-week Training in Japan for DJB staff. The main themes of Training in Japan are water distribution management through SCADA, water leakage detection, effective use of GIS, strengthening of water supply operation and maintenance capacity in DJB, maintenance of facilities to achieve their maximum efficiency, acquisition of knowledge on the implementation of effective water operation of equitable water supply, and learn by practice in the field. Figure 2 Organization Chart of the Project -3-

4 1 st seminar in Delhi 2 nd seminar in Delhi 2) Implementation of seminars The first and the second seminars in Delhi were held in August 2013 and March 2014 respectively. About 80 people participated each time. The seminars were thought-provoking and full of lively discussions. The contents of the presentation in each seminar are shown in the table below. Holding times 1st time 2nd time TMWB DJB TMWB DJB Presenter and subject matter Outline of Tokyo Waterworks And Approach for Sustainable Management Facility Improvement of Tokyo Waterworks (1) Revenue Management System Management policy and financial management through mid and long term perspective Facility Improvement of Tokyo Waterworks (2) Accounting System in Delhi Jal Board (4) Output 1: Strengthening Capacity to Manage Data and Information on Water Supply Facilities in Chandrawal WTP Command Area 1) Basic policy and goal of Output 1 Activity-1 provides background data for detailed design and preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR) necessary for approval of project execution by the Indian government. Therefore, cooperation with the ODA loan project team is important. The DPR includes drawings, implementation schedule, project cost, and estimation of cost breakdown. Detailed design and construction contractor's tender procedures are started after the DPR. 2) Preparation of Action Plan Activity consists of the two following actions. Activity 1-1 Collect necessary information for detailed design of Delhi Water Supply Improvement Project Activity 1-2 Surveys and GIS data creation on Chandrawal WTP and booster pumping station and examination on pipes information The purpose of activity 1-1 is to collect data of existing pipelines and underground utilities indispensable to detailed design. Coordination of this project and the ODA loan project team was planned at the detailed planning survey as shown in Figure 3, and survey of WTP, pumping station, water supply reservoir and pipeline route was planned for activity 1-2. New Pipe Review of M/P Underground Utilities Existing GIS Existing Pipe Desk Research Collecting Information Pipe Age Material History of Leakage-water ODA Loan Project Team Selection of Laying New Pipe Confirmation of Underground Utilities Selection of Pipe Replaced Test Pit Survey Detailed Design PROJECT Collecting Information of Pipe Alignment Laying and Crossing Method Topographical Survey Preparation of DPR Figure 3 Allocation of activity with this project and the ODA loan team in the activity 1-1 3) Activities in detail 3-1) Confirmation of Geographical Information System Maps developed by Delhi State Spatial Data Infrastructure (DSSDI), a body of the Delhi government, covers items such as building footprint, household information, road details, underground facilities including electricity cables, sewerage networks, gas pipe lines and so on. DJB is now correlating the household information in DSSDI with its billing data. If this is completed, illegal connections are expected to be easily detected and, hence drastic reduction in commercial losses can be envisaged. Although the information of water supply and -4-

5 sewerage held by DJB can be displayed on the base map of DSSDI, accuracy of its updated information is not so high. Therefore, confirmation activity was started with pipeline information on DSSDI by Japanese expert team and DJB engineers. 3-2) Total Station and Leveling Survey The Chandrawal command area includes many important government buildings, embassies, official residences of high officials, etc. Therefore, obtaining permission from road administration for laying of pipelines through open cut method may be time consuming and even not possible in some cases. In order to collect information on alignment of pipeline suitable for site environment and to make easy decisions of detailed design stage by ODA loan project consultants, total station and leveling survey of approximately 1,360 km is being carried out. 3-3) Existing Pipe Condition Survey Example of Internal Investigation Aging Pipes (5) Output 2:DJB s CAPACITY TO MONITOR AND CONTROL THE WATER DISTRIBUTION FOR EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION AND NON-REVENUE WATER MANAGEMENT IS UPGRADED 1) Basic Policy and Goal of Output 2 SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system will be installed on existing Pitampura UGR as pilot project to monitor and control water supply for equitable distribution and non-revenue water reduction. In the pilot project, water supply condition will be monitored in real time, and then valves will be adjusted by using SCADA system for equitable distribution in the selected DMAs. Also, non-revenue water will be monitored to know the existing condition, then monitoring and operation Manual/ Guideline will be prepared based on the results of above experience. 2) Preparation of Action Plan Coupling Restoration Coupling Cutting plane Figure 4 The methods for internal/external condition survey on pipe and pipe connection Existing pipe condition survey was planned in order to decide upon criteria for pipe replacement, and test pits of 300 nos. are progressing in the command area. In addition, internal/ external condition survey after cutting an existing pipe is selected from these test pits at 30 locations. Figure 5 Flow Chart of the Pilot Project Flow chart of the pilot project is shown in Figure 5. One of the outputs is to prepare the manual/guideline explained above. In this regard project will provide the demonstration for leak detection, counterpart training in Japan, and seminar by Tokyo Metropolitan Water Works as countermeasures for non-revenue water reduction. -5-

6 3) Activities in detail 3-1) Distribution SCADA The problems at the time of SCADA installation are; It is necessary to control valves by trial and error in 3.5 hours of supply time in the morning and the evening with the total water distribution situation. Engineers having knowledge and information of the distribution SCADA are only a few in DJB. On the other hand, after introducing distribution SCADA in Chandrawal command area by the ODA loan project, DJB is expected to carry out/monitor the operation and maintenance. The following approaches will be carried out for the above problems. The pressure of distribution areas will be known by a simulation of distribution network before controlling valves by SCADA, and the target areas will be tried for equitable distribution. The manual/guideline will include not only the SCADA operation method, but also the management content. 3-2) Monitoring of Non-revenue Water Major causes of Non-revenue water in Delhi are leakage, defective meter, and water theft. Detecting leaks are quite difficult because of low water pressure in distribution pipe and restricted water supply duration. Since some of defective meters are on individual properties, DJB cannot replace these meters without approval of customers. Also, illegal connections and water thefts are common. However, no information is available on how much water DJB is losing. Therefore, deciding suitable countermeasure for reducing non-revenue water would be one of the important issues. Figure 5 shows the diagram about monitoring of non-revenue water. 1 RMS provides the volume of billed water (revenue water) supplied to customers, and 2 SCADA system provides the total volume of distribution in each DMA. Comparing these two water volumes, non-revenue water can be monitored. <Leak Detection> Figure 6 NRW monitoring As part of the non-revenue water reduction measures, we have a plan to demonstrate leak detection activity in Pitampura pilot project area in order to transfer Japanese technology related to water leakage detection to DJB staff. 2 1 In implementing, the expert team studied the demonstration method and investigated a site by checking the site situation with DJB staff. In the demonstration, the expert team plans to carry out technical explanations and leak detection equipment, on-site training by using some leak detection equipment (listening stick, electronic leak detector, pipe locator). (6) Output 3: Develop the capacity of the project operation by utilizing GIS (Geographic Information System) and RMS (Revenue Management System) 1) The Basic Policy and goal of the Output 3 The sustainable water supply operation requires not only facilities upgrade, but also soft component improvement such as finance, human resource and customer service. Nowadays, water supply business in Japan faces an era of major update and restructuring. Under this circumstance, property management and facility upgrade have been done adopting effective asset management method with the purpose of well-planned and healthy water supply operation. DJB is also in the -6-

7 similar situation as in Japan. Since water supply facilities such as WTP, and Transmission and Distribution pipeline constructed during the reign of British Empire are aged, prompt re-construction or rehabilitation of these facilities are required. 2) Preparation of Action Plan In this activity, after the review of management policies and vision, and business plan of DJB, The formulation of GIS and RMS utilization application scenario by 2021 and Asset management guideline are prepared. 3) Review DJB s Situation on Water Supply Management In order to check the data that will be used in GIS and asset management, site survey and interview to DJB staffs were carried out. - Chandrawal WTP: Basic information essential for plant operation and maintenance such as water treatment flow diagram and facility database has not been prepared. - Metering & Billing work: Water meter information is not available in GIS, so metering and billing work is carried out without drawings from GIS. Although professional staff members in each area are in charge of the work, it's very inefficient because it takes a long time to identify the location of the water meter. - Revenue Management System (RMS): RMS operation is consigned to the private sector. DJB customers can confirm their water bills and can also apply for new water connection by accessing the RMS from Web. This is a convenient system. But RMS does not have any relation or connection to GIS. - GIS: Organized GIS was started in But completion of primary water facility data, such as WTP, BPS, UGR and Well are not yet enough. As for the pipeline data, attribute information, such as year of laying has not been sufficiently accumulated. Use of GIS is limited to only Mapping Cell which is the GIS related department of DJB. In addition, it is not possible to check latest facility information on GIS, because updating of GIS is not catching up with actual construction work. 3 Results (1) Activity-1 1) Confirmation of Existing Pipe Information During September to November 2013, existing pipeline drawing on GIS totaling 280 A1 size sheets was confirmed by Japanese experts and DJB engineers. The confirmed information will be used for detailed design of pipe alignment. 2) Implementation of Total Station and Leveling Survey Total station and leveling survey was started from November Plane survey of all WTPs and UGRs was completed at the end of May By the end of May 2014, about 1000 km of route survey was completed out of 1360 km total. 3) Pipe Condition Survey Test Pit and Pipe Condition Survey Pipe condition survey was started in March 2014, after the digging permissions from road administrators were obtained. About 150 points out of planned 300 in the first stage have been completed by the end of May (2) Activity-2 1) Updating of Existing Pipeline Drawings Proper information of existing pipelines is required to decide the specification of valves, flow meters, and pressure gauges. Since information of existing water supply pipeline was not updated in last 4-5 years, site confirmation was required for these data collection. The -7-

8 following methods are used: Discussion with related DJB Zonal engineer Confirmation of pipe alignment using pipe locator Conducting test pit survey to get actual pipe conditions Correction and updating of pipe information included in DSSDI data 2) Selection of District Metered Area (DMA) According to site survey, three DMAs were selected in Pitampura UGR command area. Detail of Pitampura Pilot project area Pitampura UGR (21,000 m 3 ) Population Approx. 263,000 Household Approx. 52,000 DMA-1 (near UGR) Population Approx. 5,500 Household Approx. 1,100 DMA-2 Population Approx. 13,000 Household Approx. 2,600 DMA-3 (far from UGR) Population Approx. 4,000 Household Approx. 800 Figure 7 shows the water consumption volume charged by DJB in each DMA and the availability of water. According to this Figure, there would be a difference between DMA-1 and DMA-3 with respect to the category less than 200 L/day. It means customer in DMA-3 may not get enough water compared to DMA-1. The pilot project tries to control this difference of water availability so as to supply water equitably to each customer. (1,688) (2,532) (1,246) (Total Number of Bill) Average 522 l/day Average 533 l/day Figure 7 Consumption Volume Consumption volume per connection (l/day) Average 471 l/day (3) Activity-3 From the current situation of DJB described above, to realize the asset management and efficient operations, it is necessary to use GIS effectively and develop basic information facility. So the following actions are being carried out. 1) Stepwise Scenario for Developing GIS In order to use GIS effectively in DJB, the expert team together with DJB is making a stepwise scenario for developing GIS as below. It is expected that this will lead to improved water management such as NRW reduction and asset management. a) Stepwise scenario for developing GIS 1 Reconstruct present DB structure of GIS - Add or change layers and attribute items. 2 Gathering information and input to GIS - Carry out topographic survey for water facilities. - Input customer meter information to GIS. 3 Expand GIS user in DJB - Install Web GIS. 4Advanced GIS utilization - Use GIS for hydraulic analysis and asset management, etc. b) Introduce GIS and usage example in Japan Introduce about history of development of Japanese GIS and its usage example to DJB. 2) Asset Management Guideline In order to carry out Asset Management such as preparing a future renewal plan of water facility, the following activities are under implementation. a) Prepare waterworks facility database Waterworks facility database is composed of three parts. First is Outline of waterworks facility, second is Design drawing and the third is Flow chart of water treatment facility. This database would surely prove to be useful to DJB staff for effective facility management, recognition of facility and planning -8-

9 facility improvement. And also this database can be used and read by all DJB staff. b) Prepare daily maintenance sheet and practice daily inspection Daily maintenance sheets are under preparation. Practicing daily maintenance is essential for improving staff s consciousness and the following reasons. - To establish daily maintenance habit - To accumulate records and utilize them for repair and replacement works effectively - To grasp normal situation and find unusual condition of each equipment quickly. 4 Findings and Lessons Learned (1) Teachings from Past Projects MP study teaches that it is important to find actual persons in charge and to build close connection with them in order to achieve smooth cooperation implementation. (2) Setup of Implementation Organization Three Outputs are expected in this project. In order to manage these projects, implementation organization with Additional CEO as a project director was set up in DJB. Since the organization of DJB has the hierarchical order like a pyramid and directive orders differed for each division, it was necessary to set the person of the higher rank of an organization on a project for smooth project implementation. Additional CEO is in the position of a higher rank from management divisions for loan projects. Moreover, he/she acts as the director of finance and account and is also familiar with management. In consideration of the characteristic of local organization, the proper person in charge is nominated so that the top down approach may function effectively. (3) Existing Pipe Information Detailed information is not available about existing pipes, and information in Drawings has some errors. Therefore, Site survey is conducted by methods such us using pipe locator and by test pit to confirm the pipe details. (4) Plan of Schedule for the Pilot Project Information about procurements of large flow meter is limited because of few experiences of procurement of such large flow meters by DJB. Therefore, review on delivery time for SCADA and large valves and flow meters by suppliers and manufactures are conducted to reflect in the procurement schedule. Installation of valves or flow meters with any shutdown of distribution is not possible during summer time (April to June) because of high water demand. Therefore, procurement schedule has been prepared taking care of this period. Suppliers or manufactures interested in this procurement are few because number of such company is limited in India. Also, Order size of this pilot project is small, as a result some leading companies or major companies did not express interest in this procurement. Therefore, to reduce the risks of the procurement, consideration of these issues are necessary. (Project Period: From June 2013 to April 2016) Reference: Japan International Cooperation Agency (2013) The Assistance Related to Delhi Water Supply Improvement Project in Chandrawal Water Treatment Plant Command Area, Progress Report (First Half Year Term) Japan International Cooperation Agency (2012) Detailed Planning Survey for the Assistance Related to Delhi Water Supply Improvement Project Japan International Cooperation Agency (2011) Study on Improvement of Water Supply System in Delhi in the Republic of India -9-