EU Indicator on the recycling of waste (excl. major mineral wastes)

Transcription

1 EUROPEAN COMMISSION EUROSTAT Directorate E: Sectoral and regional statistics Unit E-2: Environmental statistics and accounts; sustainable development Doc. WASTE WG 7(2015) Item 7 on the agenda EU Indicator on the recycling of waste (excl. major mineral wastes) Meeting of the Working Group on waste statistics 4 and 5 March 2015 BECH Building, Room Ampère

2 EU indicator on the recycling of waste (excl. major mineral wastes) 1. PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT The purpose of this document is to inform the Working Group about the progress made on the development of an EU recycling indicator on waste. Countries have received a short description of the indicator and a calculation of the national recycling indicator by on 9 February Countries are invited to comment on the approach taken and to approve the approach on the EU level. 2. OBJECTIVE AND DEFINITION OF THE INDICATOR The EU recycling indicator shall allow measuring how much of the waste that is generated in the EU (referred to as domestic waste) is recycled in the EU or abroad. The indicator is based on the data of the waste statistics Regulation (WStatR) on waste treatment that reflect the amounts of waste that are managed in the EU. In addition, foreign trade statistics (COMEXT data 1 ) are used to consider the amounts of exported waste and to eliminate the amounts of imported waste from the calculation. Waste treatment covers the following treatment operations: Total treatment Recovery other than energy recovery - Backfilling Recovery other than energy recovery - Except backfilling (R2-R11) Incineration / energy recovery (R1) Incineration / disposal (D10) Deposit onto or into land (D1, D5, D12) Land treatment and release into water bodies (D2-4, D6, D7) RCV_B RCV_E INC DSP_D DSP_O The recycling indicator refers to the waste treatment code recovery other than energy recovery except backfilling (). The indicator covers all waste categories except the following mineral waste categories: Mineral waste from construction and demolition (EWC-Stat 12.1) Other mineral wastes (12.2, 12.3, 12.5) Soils (12.6) Dredging spoils (12.7) The indicator is expressed in percent as share of the domestic waste recycled in relation to the total amount of domestic waste treated

3 2.1. Calculation of the indicator The indicator is calculated according to the following formula: Recyclingrate EU ( Recycling of ( Treatment of domestic waste ) domestic waste ) ( ( = % Recycling + in the EU Net trade for recycling ) Total net trade of waste ) = % Total treatment in the EU + with: Recycling of domestic waste: Treatment of domestic waste: Recycling in the EU: Net trade of waste for recycling: Total treatment in the EU: Total Net trade of waste Amount of waste that is generated in the EU and recycled in the EU or elsewhere Amount of waste that is generated in the EU and treated in the EU or elsewhere Recycled waste amount () according to WStatR Amount of waste exported minus imported for recycling from/to non-eu countries Total treated waste amount (TRT) according to WStatR Amount of waste exported minus imported for treatment from/to non-eu countries Net trade is calculated as exports minus imports. Hence, net exports appear as positive values and net imports as negative values. Data on imports and exports of waste for recycling and for other treatment operations are based on foreign trade statistics (COMEXT data). The CN-codes considered for the calculation of the indicator are listed in the Annex. For the calculation, each selected CNcode is assigned to the appropriate EWC-Stat category and to the predominant treatment operation (i.e. to recycling or to other forms of treatment ). The recycling rate is calculated by dividing the total amount of domestic waste recycled by the total amount of domestic waste treated. The waste treatment was preferred to the waste generation as denominator because the generation exceeds the treatment by about 20% on account of conceptual differences (mainly because of double counts of secondary wastes). Thus, the generation-based calculation would result in an underestimation of the recycling rate. Therefore, the message of the treatment-based recycling rate is assumed to be more accurate and clearly easier to communicate. 2

4 2.2. Results for 2012 Table 1 illustrates the calculation of the recycling indicator and shows the results for the EU-28 for reference year 2012, broken down by main waste category. In 2012, altogether 408 million t of the waste generated in the EU (excl. major mineral wastes) were recycled (see column 4). This results in an overall recycling rate of 52.5% when related to the total treatment of domestic waste in column 5. The recycled amounts in 2012 were highest for metal wastes (104 million t or 25% of the recycled total), animal and vegetal wastes (64 million t or 16%), paper and cardboard waste (48 million t or 12%) and combustion wastes (38 million t or 9%). Table 1: 2012 Recycling of domestic waste (excl. major mineral wastes) in the EU-28, Recycling of Treatment of Recycling in Net trade for Share recycled Share of waste domestic domestic Recycling the EU Recycling* outside the category in waste waste rate (1000 t) (1000 t) EU* recycling (1000 t) (1000 t) = = 4 / 5 = 3 / 4 Metal waste (06) 85,820 18, , ,362 (100%) 17% 25% Glass wastes (07.1) 15, ,064 15,334 (98%) -1% 4% Paper and cardboard wastes (07.2) 38,280 9,745 48,025 48,545 (99%) 20% 12% Plastic wastes (07.4) 9,560 2,960 12,520 15,690 (80%) 24% 3% Wood wastes (07.5) 24, ,360 52,741 (46%) 0% 6% Animal / vegetal wastes (09.1, 09.2) Animal faeces, urine, manure (09.3) 64, ,487 71,737 (90%) -1% 16% 7, ,760 12,690 (61%) 0% 2% Combustion wastes (12.4) 37, , ,234 (31%) 2% 9% Mineral waste from waste treatment (12.8, 13) 23, ,950 38,849 (62%) 0% 6% Other wastes 70, , ,889 (24%) 0% 17% Total 377,510 30, , , % 7.5% 100% *Positive values = net exports; negative values = net imports The recycling of domestic waste consists of 378 million tonnes of waste that was recycled in the EU according to WStatR data (column 2), and of 30.7 million tonnes of net exports of recyclable waste to non-eu countries according to COMEXT data (column 3). Thus, about 7.5% of the recycling of EU waste was carried out in non-eu countries (see column 7). Net exports are particularly high for metal wastes for which the exports exceeded the imports by 18 million tonnes, so that 17% of domestic metal waste was recycled in non-eu countries. The recycling of paper and cardboard amounted to 48 million tonnes of which about 20% was recycled outside of the EU. The share of extra- EU recycling was highest for plastic wastes where nearly a fourth (24%) of the recyclable material leaves the EU. In contrast, export rates are low for materials that are heavy and/or have a low market value, like for instance glass waste or combustion wastes. 3

5 In column 6 the recycled amounts of waste are divided by the amounts treated for each waste category which results in material-specific recycling rates and in the total recycling rate. Whereas the overall recycling rate of 52.5% is considered as accurate, the materialspecific rates have to be interpreted with caution. The high rates of nearly 100% for metal, glass and paper waste indicate that nearly all of these materials are delivered to recycling facilities when separately collected. The rates do not consider how much of these materials is not separately collected but contained in mixed waste streams (i.e. in household and similar waste which is included in the category other waste ). The material-specific rates are therefore shown in brackets Limitations of the indicator Limitations related to the WStatR: The treatment category is largely but not completely identical with the definition of the recycling according to the Waste Framework Directive (WFD). Treatment category covers all recovery operations with the exception of energy recovery and backfilling. It may cover recovery operations that are not in line with the WFD recycling definition (e.g. the preparation of waste-derived fuels) Limitations related to the use of foreign trade statistics (FTS) data: The CN-codes do not consistently distinguish between waste and goods, i.e. some codes cover waste and non-waste (by-)products at the same time. Foreign trade may be overestimated where the selected CN codes cover not only wastes but also products or by-products; Foreign trade may be underestimated because some wastes are covered by CNcodes not selected because they represent mainly products/by-products. Foreign trade statistics give information on the geographic destination of the waste, but not on the type of treatment at the place of destination. Hence, the type of treatment is based on assumptions. If calculated on the country level, additional limitations result from the fact that statistics on intra-eu trade do not cover 100 % of the traded goods/waste because of reporting thresholds below which parties are exempted from providing information. The thresholds are defined by the Member States; data coverage may thus vary from country to country. In addition, reported amounts on imports to not always match the reported amounts on exports and thresholds may differ for imports and exports 4

6 2.1. Annex: List of CN-codes used for indicator calculation CN-code Description of CN-code EWC-Stat Treatment Skins and other parts of birds, with their feathers or down, feathers and parts of feathers, whether or not with trimmed edges, not further worked than cleaned, disinfected or treated for preservation; powder and waste of feathers or parts of feathers (excl. feathers used for stuffing and down) Fish waste W Sinews or tendons of animal origin, parings and similar waste of raw hides or skins W Coffee husks and skins W Oil foots and dregs; soapstocks (excl. those containing oil with characteristics of olive oil) W Residues from treatment of fatty substances or animal and vegetable waxes (excl. those containing oil with characteristics of olive oil, oil foots and dregs and soapstocks) Cocoa shells, husks, skins and other cocoa waste W Brewing or distilling dregs and waste W Wine lees, having a total alcoholic strength of <= 7,9% mas and a dry matter content >= 25% by weight W Wine lees (excl. wine lees having a total alcoholic strength of <= 7,9% and a dry matter content of >= 25% by weight) W Tobacco refuse W Waste from the manufacture of iron or steel suitable for the recovery of iron or manganese W Slag, dross, scalings and other waste from the manufacture of iron or steel (excl. granulated slag, waste suitable for the recovery of iron or manganese) Hard zinc spelter Slag, ash and residues containing mainly zinc (excl. hard zinc spelter) W Leaded gasoline sludges and leaded anti-knock compound sludges, obtained from storage tanks of leaded gasoline and leaded antiknock compounds and containing mainly lead, lead compounds and iron oxide Slag, ash and residues containing mainly lead (excl. leaded gasoline sludges and leaded anti-knock compound sludges) W Slag, ash and residues containing mainly copper W Slag, as and residues containing mainly aluminium W Slag, ash and residues, containing arsenic, mercury, thallium or their mixtures, of a kind used for the extraction of arsenic or those metals or for the manufacture of their chemical compounds (excl. those from the manufacture of iron or steel) W091 W091 W124 W032 W124 Other 5

7 CN-code Description of CN-code EWC-Stat Treatment Slag, ash and residues, containing antimony, beryllium, cadmium, chromium or their mixtures (excl. those from the manufacture of iron or steel) W Slag, ash and residues containing mainly nickel W Slag, ash and residues containing mainly niobium or tantalum W Slag, ash and residues containing mainly tin W Slag, ash and residues containing mainly titanium W Slag, ash and residues containing metals or metal compounds (excl. those from the manufacture of iron or steel and those containing primarily zinc, lead, copper, aluminium, nickel, niobium, tantalum, tin or titanium, those containing arsenic, mercury, tha W Ash and residues from the incineration of municipal waste W128_13 Other Slag and ash, incl. seaweed ash "kelp" (excl. slag, incl. granulated, from the manufacture of iron or steel, ashes and residues containing arsenic, metals or metal compounds and those from the incineration of municipal waste) Waste oils containing polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], polychlorinated terphenyls [PCTs] or polybrominated biphenyls [PBBs] W077 Other Waste oils containing mainly petroleum or bituminous minerals (excl. those containing polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], polychlorinated terphenyls [PCTs] or polybrominated biphenyls [PBBs]) Residues of petroleum oil or of oil obtained from bituminous minerals for the manufacture of carbon of heading 2803 W02A Residues of petroleum oil or of oil obtained from bituminous minerals (excl. for the manufacture of carbon of heading 2803, petroleum coke and petroleum bitumen) Waste pharmaceuticals W02A Other Residual lyes from the manufacture of wood pulp, whether or not concentrated, desugared or chemically treated, incl. lignin sulphonates (excl. tall oil, sodium hydroxide "caustic soda" and sulphate pitch) Municipal waste W101 Other Sewage sludge W11 Other Clinical waste W05 Other Waste organic solvents, halogenated W011 Other Waste organic solvents, non-halogenated W011 Other Wastes of metal pickling liquors, of hydraulic fluids, brake fluids and anti-freeze fluids W02A Other Wastes from chemical or allied industries, mainly containing organic constituents (excl. anti-freeze fluids) W02A Other W124 W013 W02A W012 Other 6

8 CN-code Description of CN-code EWC-Stat Treatment Wastes from chemical or allied industries (excl. wastes of metal pickling liquors, of hydraulic fluids, brake fluids and anti-freeze fluids and those mainly containing organic constituents) W02A Other Residual products of the chemical or allied industries, n.e.s. (excl. waste) W02A Other Waste, parings and scrap, of polymers of ethylene W Waste, parings and scrap, of polymers of styrene W Waste, parings and scrap, of polymers of vinyl chloride W Waste, parings and scrap, of polymers of propylene W Waste, parings and scrap, of plastics (excl. that of polymers of ethylene, styrene, vinyl chloride and propylene) W Waste, parings and scrap of soft rubber and powders and granules obtained therefrom W073 Other Used pneumatic tyres of rubber W Parings and other waste of leather or of composition leather, not suitable for the manufacture of leather articles; leather dust, powder and flour Sawdust of wood, whether or not agglomerated in logs, briquettes or similar forms (excl. pellets) W075 Other Wood waste and scrap, whether or not agglomerated in logs, briquettes or similar forms (excl. sawdust and pellets) W075 Other Sawdust of wood, whether or not agglomerated in logs, briquettes or similar forms (excl. pellets) W075 Other Wood waste and scrap, whether or not agglomerated in logs, briquettes or similar forms (excl. sawdust and pellets) W075 Other Recovered "waste and scrap" paper or paperboard of unbleached kraft paper, corrugated paper or corrugated paperboard W Recovered "waste and scrap" paper or paperboard made mainly of bleached chemical pulp, not coloured in the mass W Old and unsold newspapers and magazines, telephone directories, brochures and printed advertising material W Waste and scrap of paper or paperboard made mainly of mechanical pulp (excl. old and unsold newspapers and magazines, telephone directories, brochures and printed advertising material) Unsorted, recovered "waste and scrap" paper or paperboard (excl. paper wool) W072 W076 W Sorted, recovered "waste and scrap" paper or paperboard (excl. waste and scrap of unbleached kraft paper or kraft paperboard, or of corrugated paper or corrugated paperboard, that of paper or paperboard made mainly of bleached chemical pulp not colured in the mass, that of paper or paperboard made mainly of mechanical pulp, and paper wool) W Silk waste, incl. cocoons unsuitable for reeling, yarn waste and garnetted stock W Waste of wool or of fine animal hair, incl. yarn waste (excl. noils and garnetted stock) W076 7

9 CN-code Description of CN-code EWC-Stat Treatment Waste of coarse animal hair, incl. yarn waste (excl. garnetted stock, waste of hair or bristles used in the manufacture of brooms and brushes, and of horsehair from the mane or tail) W Cotton yarn waste, incl. thread waste W Garnetted stock of cotton W Cotton waste (excl. yarn waste, thread waste and garnetted stock) W Flax tow and waste, incl. yarn waste and garnetted stock W Waste of staple fibres of nylon or other polyamides, incl. noils, yarn waste and garnetted stock W Waste of staple fibres of polyesters, incl. noils, yarn waste and garnetted stock W Waste of acrylic or modacrylic staple fibres, incl. noils, yarn waste and garnetted stock W Waste of polypropylene staple fibres, incl. noils, yarn waste and garnetted stock W Waste of synthetic staple fibres, incl. noils, yarn waste and garnetted stock (excl. that of polypropylene, acrylic, modacrlyic, polyester, nylon and other polyamide staple fibres) Waste of artificial staple fibres, incl. noils, yarn waste and garnetted stock W076 W Worn clothing and clothing accessories, blankets and travelling rugs, household linen and articles for interior furnishing, of all types of textile materials, incl. all types of footwear and headgear, showing signs of appreciable wear and presented in bulk or in bales, sacks or similar packings (excl. carpets, other floor coverings and tapestries) W Used or new rags, scrap twine, cordage, rope and cables and worn-out articles thereof, of textile materials, sorted W Used or new rags, scrap twine, cordage, rope and cables and worn-out articles thereof, of textile materials (excl. sorted) W Cullet and other waste and scrap of glass (excl. glass in the form of powder, granules or flakes) W Ash containing precious metal or precious-metal compounds Waste and scrap of gold, incl. metal clad with gold, and other waste and scrap containing gold or gold compounds, of a kind used principally for the recovery of precious metal (excl. ash containing gold or gold compounds, waste and scrap of gold melted down into unworked blocks, ingots, or similar forms, and sweepings and ash containing precious metals) Waste and scrap of platinum, incl. metal clad with platinum, and other waste and scrap containing platinum or platinum compounds, of a kind used principally for the recovery of precious metal (excl. ash containing platinum or platinum compounds, waste and scrap of platinum melted down into unworked blocks, ingots, or similar forms, and sweepings and ash containing precious metals) 8

10 CN-code Description of CN-code EWC-Stat Treatment Waste and scrap of silver, incl. metal clad with silver, and other waste and scrap containing silver or silver compounds, of a kind used principally for the recovery of precious metal (excl. ash, and waste and scrap of precious metals melted down into unworked blocks, ingots or similar forms) Waste and scrap, of cast iron (excl. radioactive) Waste and scrap of stainless steel, containing by weight >= 8% nickel (excl. radioactive, and waste and scrap from batteries and electric accumulators) Waste and scrap of stainless steel (not containing >= 8% nickel, radioactive, or waste and scrap from batteries and electric accumulators) Waste and scrap of alloy steel (excl. stainless steel, and waste and scrap, radioactive, or waste and scrap from batteries and electric accumulators) Waste and scrap of tinned iron or steel (excl. radioactive, and waste and scrap of batteries and electric accumulators) Turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust and filings, of iron or steel, whether or not in bundles (excl. such items of cast iron, alloy steel or tinned iron or steel) Trimmings and stampings, of iron or steel, in bundles (excl. such items of cast iron, alloy steel or tinned iron or steel) Trimmings and stampings, of iron or steel, not in bundles (excl. such items of cast iron, alloy steel or tinned iron or steel) Waste and scrap of iron or steel, fragmentised "shredded" (excl. slag, scale and other waste of the production of iron and steel; radioactive waste and scrap; fragments of pigs, blocks or other primary forms of pig iron or spiegeleisen; waste and scrap of cast iron, alloy steel or tinned iron or steel; turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust, filings, trimmings and stampings; waste and scrap of primary cells, primary batteries and electric accumulators) Waste and scrap of iron or steel, not fragmentised "shredded", in bundles (excl. slag, scale and other waste of the production of iron and steel; radioactive waste and scrap; fragments of pigs, blocks or other primary forms of pig iron or spiegeleisen; waste and scrap of cast iron, alloy steel or tinned iron or steel; turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust, filings, trimmings and stampings; waste and scrap of primary cells, primary batteries and electric accumulators) Waste and scrap of iron or steel, not fragmentised "shredded", not in bundles (excl. slag, scale and other waste of the production of iron and steel; radioactive waste and scrap; fragments of pigs, blocks or other primary forms of pig iron or spiegeleisen; waste and scrap of cast iron, alloy steel or tinned iron or steel; turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust, filings, trimmings and stampings; waste and scrap of primary cells, primary batteries and electric accumulators) 'Waste and scrap, of refined copper (excl. ingots or other similar unwrought shapes, of remelted refined copper waste and scrap, ashes and residues containing refined copper, and waste and scrap of primary cells, primary batteries and electric accumulators) 9

11 CN-code Description of CN-code EWC-Stat Treatment Waste and scrap, of copper-zinc base alloys "brass" (excl. ingots or other similar unwrought shapes, of remelted waste and scrap of copper-zinc alloys, ashes and residues containing copper-zinc alloys and waste and scrap of primary cells, primary batteries and electric accumulators) Waste and scrap, of copper alloys (excl. of copper-zinc alloys, ingots or other similar unwrought shapes, of remelted waste and scrap of copper alloys, ashes and residues containing copper alloys, and waste and scrap of primary cells, primary batteries and electric accumulators) Waste and scrap, of non-alloy nickel (excl. ingots or other similar unwrought shapes, of remelted non-alloy nickel waste and scrap, ashes and residues containing non-alloy nickel, waste and scrap of primary cells, primary batteries and electric accumulators) Waste and scrap, of nickel alloys (excl. ingots or other similar unwrought shapes, of remelted nickel alloys waste and scrap, ashes and residues containing nickel alloys) Turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust and filings, of aluminium; waste of coloured, coated or bonded sheets and foil, of a thickness "excl. any backing" of <= 0,2 mm, of aluminium Waste of aluminium, incl. faulty workpieces and workpieces which have become unusable in the course of production or processing (excl. slag, scale and other waste from the production of iron or steel, containing recyclable aluminium in the form of silicates, ingots and other primary forms, of smelted waste or scrap, of aluminium, ash or the residues of the production of aluminium, and waste in heading ) Scrap of aluminium (excl. slags, scale and the like from iron and steel production, containing recoverable aluminium in the form of silicates, ingots or other similar unwrought shapes, of remelted waste and scrap, of aluminium, and ashes and residues from aluminium production) Lead waste and scrap (excl. ashes and residues from lead production "heading No 2620", and ingots or other similar unwrought shapes, of remelted waste and scrap, of lead "heading No 7801" and waste and scrap of primary cells, primary batteries et electric accumulators) Zinc waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues from zinc production "heading 2620", ingots and other similar unwrought shapes, of remelted waste and scrap, of zinc "heading 7901" and waste and scrap of primary cells, primary batteries and electric accumulators) Zinc dust Zinc powders and flakes (excl. grains of zinc, and spangles of heading 8308, and zinc dust) Tin waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues from the manufacture of tin of heading 2620, and ingots and similar unwrought tin produced from melted tin waste and scrap of heading 8001) 10

12 CN-code Description of CN-code EWC-Stat Treatment Tungsten waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing tungsten) Molybdenum waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing molybdenum) Tantalum waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing tantalum) Magnesium waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing magnesium, and raspings, turnings and granules graded according to size) Cobalt waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing cobalt) Unwrought bismuth; bismuth powders; bismuth waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing bismuth) Cadmium waste and scrap (excl. ashes and residues containing cadmium) Titanium waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing titanium) Zirconium waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing zirconium) Antimony waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing antimony) Manganese waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing manganese) Beryllium waste and scrap (excl. ashes and residues containing beryllium) Chromium waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing chromium and chromium alloys containing > 10% by weight of nickel) Thallium waste and scrap (excl. ashes and residues containing thallium) Unwrought hafnium "celtium"; hafnium powders; hafnium waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing hafnium) Niobium "columbium", rhenium, gallium, indium, vanadium and germanium waste and scrap (excl. ashes and residues containing these metals) Unwrought vanadium; vanadium powders (excl. ash and residues containing vanadium) Waste and scrap of cermets (excl. ashes and residues containing cermets) 'Spent primary cells and spent primary batteries, electrical W 'Spent electric lead-acid accumulators W 'Spent electric accumulators (excl. lead-acid accumulators) W Waste and scrap of electric primary cells, primary batteries and accumulators, containing lead W Waste and scrap of electric primary cells, primary batteries and accumulators (excl. those containing lead) W 'Vessels and other floating structures for breaking up W081 11