LAUSD Construction Safety Program Safety Boot Camp

LAUSD Construction Safety Program Safety Boot Camp 2018 John E. McEvoy, CHST Facilities Services Division Construction Safety Office 333 Beaudry Ave, 19 th Floor, Room 19-116, Los Angeles, CA 90017 Office: (213) 241-6465 Cell: (310) 800-5018 John.McEvoy@lausd.net The Los Angeles Unified School District considers no aspect of our construction projects to be of greater importance than safety We Build On Safety!

LAUSD Construction Safety Program 2018 Objectives Develop an IIPP/Site Specific Safety Plan. Develop a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA). Understand why LAUSD Safety Audits are important The most common safety violations observed on LAUSD job-sites

What is an Injury Illness Prevention Plan (IIPP)? California employers are required to provide and maintain a safe and healthful working environment Since 1991, a written Injury & Illness Prevention Program (IIPP) is required for every employer Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations (CCR), Section 3203, General Industry Safety Orders

Advantages of the IIPP Outlines safety on the job Reduce losses resulting from accidents and injuries Direct and indirect costs Helps prioritize safety concerns Sets the tone for the importance of safety

Identify the responsible person Must have authority and management s full support Allocate time, personnel and money Set a good example Employees are also responsible for conducting themselves safely (Labor Code Section 6407.1)

Identify job hazards Determine potentially hazardous conditions, equipment and procedures Identify corrective actions Survey workplace conditions Equipment Chemicals Work practices Cal/OSHA standards

Also review: Identify job hazards Accident, injury or illness data District safety policies and procedures Records of training programs Talk to staff responsible for the work Other safety programs currently in place

Inspections Conduct regular inspections of the job-sites Check for property and work practice concerns Reviewed by safety committee and/or management Helps to note trends and prioritize Document inspections

Employee training Must be conducted When IIPP is first established For all new employees New job assignment When new substances, processes, procedures or equipment are introduced When a new or previously unrecognized hazard is identified For all supervisors to assure they understand the hazards to which their employees may be exposed

Accident Investigation In writing, identify the cause(s) of the accident or near-miss occurrence Trend identification Questions to ask: What happened? Why did the incident happen? What should be done? What action has been taken?

Communication Establish a system for communicating with employees that is readily understandable by all affected employees Publish a brief safety policy to state that safety is priority Provide for employees to communicate safety concerns with the employer Encourage information without fear of reprisal

Communication Safety committees Have representatives from all areas of the district or site Can use already established committees or meetings when appropriate Posters, bulletins, newsletters can be used Safety suggestion box Urge all employees to actively participate in safety

Record Keeping Essential to all aspects of the program Compliance with regulation Tool in evaluating the success of the program Verification in the event of a loss If it s not written down, it didn t happen

IIPP is a Living Document Schedule annual reviews of district IIPP Any changes to procedures or equipment? What is working? What can be improved? All employees are responsible for a successful IIPP

Responsibility Compliance Communication IIPP Review Hazard Assessment Accident/Exposure Investigation Hazard Correction Training Recordkeeping

How to Develop a IIPP Use qualified consultants with appropriate credentials such as a CSP, CHST, OHST, CIH. Templates may be used and modified to reflect the contractors specific requirements. See handout provided of an acceptable Health and Safety Program.

IIPP Program Elements Include but not limited to: Senior Management Statement of Policy and Signature Site Specific Health and Safety Plan Job Hazard Analysis Fall Protection Excavation Hazardous Energy Control and LOTO Confined Space Entry Ladders and Scaffolds

IIPP Program Elements Cranes, Hoists and Lifts Traffic Control Public Hazard Control Plan (PHCP) Heat Illness Prevention Hazard Communication (Chemical Exposure) Respiratory Protection Heavy Equipment and Machinery

IIPP Program Elements Personal Protective Equipment Safety Orientation and Training Emergency Response and Crisis Management An EHS Management System with Duties and Responsibilities Incident Reporting and Investigation Return to Work Program Strategy

IIPP Program Elements Dust Control Site Control, Fencing and Security Traffic Plans Parking Plans Hazardous Waste and Construction Debris Others that may be applicable

LAUSD Construction Safety Program 2018 Questions? John E. McEvoy, CHST Facilities Services Division Construction Safety Office 333 Beaudry Ave, 19 th Floor, Room 19-116, Los Angeles, CA 90017 Office: (213) 241-6465 Cell: (310) 800-5018 John.McEvoy@lausd.net

What is Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)? It is a method for systematically identifying and evaluating hazards associated with a particular job or task. It is also called job safety analysis (JSA).

Why conduct a job hazard analysis? A job hazard analysis can prevent work-related death, injuries or illnesses by eliminating or controlling identified hazards. It is a means to ensure that workers have the training, equipment and supplies to do their jobs safely. It will help you in developing your accident prevention program (APP), an L & I safety requirement for all employers.

Hazard Awareness Accepting a risk or hazard is not the same as eliminating or controlling it. When conducting a job hazard analysis, you may need to take a fresh look at the way things are done at your workplace. Even though you may hear we ve been doing it that way for 20 years and nothing happened, it doesn t mean a hazard doesn t exist. You should take a comprehensive look at all possible hazards with an open mind.

How do I conduct a JHA? Identify the job or task to be analyzed. Break the job or task into key components. Identify the hazards found in each key component. Identify ways to eliminate or control these hazards. Eliminate the hazard or install controls. Keep a record of the hazards identified and steps taken to eliminate or control them. Periodically assess controls to ensure they are working correctly.

Identifying the job for analysis Any job or task that meets any of the following conditions should have a JHA conducted for it: Jobs or tasks with a history of injuries or near misses. Jobs with catastrophic potential fire, explosion, large chemical releases, massive equipment failure. Tasks in which one simple human error could lead to serious injury.

Identifying the job for analysis Any job or task that meets any of the following conditions should also have a JHA conducted for it: New people doing the task, Tasks that have changed, Rarely performed jobs, Any job done under a safety permit confined space permit, hot work permit, etc.

Identifying jobs for a JHAr it: 1. Look at jobs where workers have been injured using existing information from: Your accident or incident reports Your worker compensation claims Industry or trade association data 2. Conduct a preliminary worksite walkround to observe or identify hazardous jobs or tasks.

Walk-around Observations Watch workers doing their jobs to identify potential hazards that may lead to an injury, paying attention to the amount of time the worker is exposed to the hazard. Talk with workers to find out what they think is the most hazardous part of their job. Ask them if what you observe them doing is typical.

Involving employees a good idea Once you have identified jobs needing a JHA, then it is time to start conducting the JHA. Involving employees and/or foreman or supervisors in the JHA process allows them to bring their insights about the jobs to the process. They can help identify hazards and they will have ownership of the JHA and will often more readily accept the findings and the hazard controls selected.

Break job down into key components Once a job is identified, you will need to break it into key components or sub-tasks and list all the hazards associated with each sub-task. Too much detail makes the JHA cumbersome, but too little detail may omit hazards. The correct amount of detail breaks the job into components that make sense in terms of the overall job. Generally, limit the number of components to 10 or less.

Evaluate sub-tasks using a JHA checklist There are a variety of JHA forms and checklists. Certain hazards are common on many jobs. While this list is comprehensive, it is not complete and you will need to think about the sub-tasks and hazards present. You may want to seek outside help from an agency or private safety and health consultant.

Date of analysis: Job Hazard Analysis Example form People who participated: Job or task where injuries occur, or can occur General Physical Hazards Potential Hazard Control Measures Example: PPE

Ranking Hazardous Tasks Once you have identified jobs or tasks that have the potential to or are in fact injuring workers, you will need to rank these tasks and start addressing the most serious first. One method for ranking tasks considers the probability that the hazard will cause an injury and an estimate of the severity of that injury. These are not precise predictions of when or how severe an injury may be, they are only estimates. The method can help you decide which is more important an infrequent job that has the potential to kill a worker, or frequent job that causes less severe injuries.

A method to prioritize hazardous tasks Consider the severity of the injury of something may go wrong while doing the task in the severity table. Next, think about how often the worker is exposed to the hazard in the probability table. Multiply the severity rank by the probability rank. Address the highest scored tasks first. Severity Table Score Classification Description 4 Catastrophic May cause death 3 Critical May cause severe injury or illness 2 Marginal May cause minor injury or illness 1 Minor Will not cause injury or illness Probability Table Score Classification Description 5 frequent Very likely to occur frequently 4 probable Probably will occur at some time 3 Occasional May occur infrequently 2 Remote Unlikely, but possible 1 Improbable So unlikely, it is assumed it will not occur

Eliminating or controlling hazards After you have identified the jobs and evaluated its sub-tasks and hazards, you will need to identify ways to eliminate or control these hazards. The best method is eliminate the hazard at the source. If elimination is not possible, control the hazard at its source with engineering controls or limit worker exposure using administrative controls. If those two methods are not enough to remove or reduce the worker exposure to acceptable levels, then personal protective equipment must be used. Personal protective equipment can also be used temporarily while engineering controls are installed.

Eliminating or controlling hazards

Eliminating hazards by engineering controls Engineering controls are design changes or physical devices that control a worker s exposure to a hazard. Example: machine guarding controls Unguarded belt Example: ventilation controls for chemicals Guarded belt

Noise control examples

Equipment Lock-out Locking out electrical equipment or moving parts of machinery eliminates hazards during maintenance.

Administrative Controls Administrative controls act on the worker, not the hazard. The hazard still exists, but the worker avoids the hazard by the way they do their job. Examples include limiting the amount of time a worker is exposed to a hazard, or limiting the number of workers exposed, or limiting exposure through specified work practices.

Personal protective equipment Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be considered only after other control methods have been tried or shown not to be feasible. It requires the employee to understand the nature of the hazard and the limitations of the PPE. It also requires constant management to ensure the PPE is appropriate for the hazard, employees are properly trained to use the PPE correctly, and a supply of replacements is readily available.

Reviewing a Job Hazard Analysis Periodically reviewing your job hazard analysis ensures that it remains current and continues to help reduce workplace accidents and injuries. Even if the job has not changed, it is possible that during the review process you will identify hazards that were not identified in the initial analysis. It is especially important to review your job hazard analysis if an illness or injury occurs on a specific job. Based on the circumstances, you may determine that you need to change the job procedures or provide additional controls to prevent similar incidents in the future. This is also true in a close call, or near miss situation where an injury was barely avoided. Any time you revise a job hazard analysis, it is important to train all employees affected by the changes in the job methods, procedures, or protective measures adopted.

LAUSD Construction Safety Program 2018 Inspection Audit Protocol One Page Excel Document General hazards at most sites Only items looked at are scored Questions not applicable are not included in the scored calculation. Helps identify trends Easy to use. Not meant to be all inclusive

LAUSD Safety Audits Review the Safety Audit with Superintendents, foremen and workers on-site Correct safety issues immediately Submit Corrective Action Plan within 72 hours to the OAR and Safety Specialist Walk the job-site as a follow up regarding safety issues observed

LAUSD Trending Safety Violations Personal Protection Equipment (hard hats, safety glasses, & safety vest) IIPP s not on-site for review JHA s not on-site for review Fall Protection working above 6-feet without fall protection equipment Fall Protection Individuals not trained A-frame vs Extension ladder not trained in the proper used of ladders

LAUSD Trending Safety Violations Electrical cords missing ground plugs, exposed wires, 14 gauge or lower GFCI not used at electrical outlet Hot Work Permit is required when burning, welding or cutting Must be posted on-site Scaffolding requires training and daily inspection of scaffold Inspection of small hand tools

LAUSD Trending Safety Violations Trenching-excavation-Shoring Requires a Competent Person on-site individual(s) shall be trained prior to working in a trench/excavation (training documents not on-site for review) Daily written inspection of moving equipment (bobcat, backhoe, and frontend loader, etc.) OSHA poster not posted on-site

LAUSD Trending Safety Violations General Contractor/Construction Management are required to have a written weekly inspection of the job-site OCIP Medical clinic not posted on-site Superintendent does not have his/her OSHA 30 hour card or CPR/First Aid Foreman does not have his/her OSHA 10 hour card or CPR/First Aid Housekeeping Temporary fences

LAUSD Trending Safety Violations Safety Orientation not being performed for new hires both General Contractor and Subcontractors are required to go through Orientation Accident/Incident not reported in a timely matter Near Misses not reported in a timely matter

Owner Controlled Insurance Program (OCIP) LAUSD OCIP Coverage Workers Compensation General Liability Does Not Cover Remedial activities (Env. Cleanup, Asbestos) Demolition depending on the overall percent of contract Mobile equipment, tools, etc Other as determined by Risk Management All Contractor Injuries are reported as required and may impact the contractor s Experience Modification Rating even though LAUSD covers all Direct W.C. costs.

LAUSD EMR Requirements Pre-qualifying the Contractor Pre-Qualify ALL Generals and Subcontractors Experience Modification Rate (EMR) of 1.0 or less for 17250, 17406 and Job-Order-Contractor (JOC) per Cal ED Code. EMR Standards Excellent Less than 0.7 Good 0.7 to <0.8 Satisfactory 0.8 to <0.9 Marginal 0.9 to.1.0 Poor >1.0

LAUSD Construction Safety Program 2018 Questions? John E. McEvoy, CHST Facilities Services Division Construction Safety Office 333 Beaudry Ave, 19th Floor, Room 19-116, Los Angeles, CA 90017 Office: (213) 241-6465 Cell: (310) 800-5018 John.McEvoy@lausd.net

Contractor Responsibilities Safety of its employees, subcontractors, vendors, and visitors, students, LAUSD staff, and/or the public -- while on or near project site/property Be familiar with the OCIP and LAUSD Safety Standards Prepare & Submit a Project Safety Plan (PSP/IIPP) Comply with all applicable federal, state, local & LAUSD regulations, National Consensus Standards and safety standards Site-specific Safety and Health Plan Apply to subcontractors Must prepare & submit required reports All Safety Related documents must be maintained onsite

Contractor Responsibilities Assign Safety Representative per LAUSD Standards Always on site Authorized to stop work Authorized to require corrective actions Full time Safety Professional per LAUSD Safety Standards if greater than 50 workers on site or contract valve is more then 10 million dollars. Requires review by LAUSD Construction Safety. Only job is to perform safety

Contractor Responsibilities Safety on the Jobsite New Hire Safety Orientation ~ logbook/hardhat stickers Daily tailgate/toolbox talk ~ quiz safety representative Weekly documented safety training ~ signature sheets OAR three week look ahead ~ document in mtg minutes Job Hazard Analysis ~ quiz safety representative Safety Awareness ~ is there good signage & emphasis Accident/Incident investigation, reporting, & corrective action ~ demand quality investigations/follow through for improvement or congratulations

Contractor Responsibilities Provide Adequate First Aid Supplies & First Aid/CPR/AED Trained Staff (per Cal-OSHA); Post OCIP Poster and injury reporting and incident investigation requirements; Implement a Return to Work /Disability Management Strategy Contractor/Subcontractor Employee Training; Safety/ First Aid/ Emergency Procedures Document, Maintain & Report on Contractor & Subcontractor Training Meetings & Subject/Content ~ external Prime contractor accountable for safety adherence by all subcontractors on the jobsite

LAUSD Safety Specialist Insurance Carrier Representatives LAUSD Safety Specialist Review IIPP, JHA, excavation plans, demolition plans, crane lift plans, Audit Jobsite Safety Program & Submit findings to Contractor & OAR Assist in injury/incident root cause investigation Consulting to contractors. Ensure corrective actions by contractor are adequate Promote safety partnering Job shutdown for imminent danger and IDLH issues. LAUSD safety specialist will not provide means and methods and at in an advisory capacity.

Key Performance Indicators (KPI s)

Best in class programs to address public exposures 100 percent fencing of the project site Daily inspection of fences, locks and gates Daily inspection of toe boards and other debris prevention devices Use of easy to read signs where is the project office? All visitors are required to sign-in and wear approved PPE Daily sweeping of sidewalks and adjoining areas Daily enforcement of housekeeping requirements all trades Daily dust control of the site Use of certified flaggers Use of certified equipment operators for all construction equipment Approved traffic control plans when closing lanes Dedicated material delivery times to minimize traffic congestion at the site Back-up alarms on all trucks, forklifts and construction equipment Daily inspection of traffic control devices Night lighting or security service 63

Top 5 causes of crane accidents Crane improperly set-up, not adequately supported or not level Operator unaware of gross load Operator unable or fails to use the load chart Power line contact Wind and other weather factors The above cause 90% of all crane accidents 64

Crane Lift Plans (MANDATORY) LAUSD Lift Evaluation form submitted to construction_safety@laschools.org. Lift Evaluation form takes two weeks for review

Crane Form

Top View

LAUSD Construction Safety Program 2018 Questions? John E. McEvoy, CHST Facilities Services Division Construction Safety Office 333 Beaudry Ave, 19th Floor, Room 19-116, Los Angeles, CA 90017 Office: (213) 241-6465 Cell: (310) 800-5018 John.McEvoy@lausd.net

LAUSD Construction Safety Program 2018 What is a Lost Time Incident? 1904.7(b)(3) When an injury or illness involves one or more days away from work, you must record the injury or illness on the OSHA 300 Log with a check mark in the space for cases involving days away and an entry of the number of calendar days away from work in the number of days column. 1904.7(b)(3)(i) Do I count the day on which the injury occurred or the illness began? No, you begin counting days away on the day after the injury occurred or the illness began. If a worker goes to the clinic one day and returns the next day, as long as the worker didn t lose a full work shift the injury is not a lost time incident For a much more detailed definition of what is First Aid, Recordable, Recordable Restricted, Recordable Lost Time, etc. please refer to www.osha.gov search keyword - 1904.

Program LAUSD Construction Safety 2016

Incidents, Near Misses & Property Damage Incident Reporting Incident(s) must be reported immediately to the OAR and LAUSD Safety Specialist. LAUSD SAF-3 report will be submitted within 24-hours Recordable incidents require incident review board within 3 working days. All incidents resulting in losses require drug screening.

Managing an Injury-Return to work Provide Treatment First Aid/Medical Provider Network Supervisor trained on injury management to escort worker to clinic and implement RTW protocols LAUSD advocates returning injured workers to work in a limited capacity. Unless the worker is completely incapacitated, they are expected to work in some capacity such as office work, security work, safety audits / inspections, tool inspections, traffic control, spotter, or other meaningful work within the limits set by the MPN.

Payment for Drug Screening Each contractor is required to maintain a drug free work site. Post-incident drug screening is paid for by the contractor. Our insurer (LM) may pay for screening as a courtesy when injuries occur and are treated at an MPN.

Important Links LAUSD Safety Standards http://mo.laschools.org/fis/nc/nc-safety/filestorage/index?folder%5fid=39604862 http://www.laschools.org/new-site/construction-safety/ http://www.laschools.org/fcs/cc/pq/filestorage/download/owner_controlled_insurance_program/o CIP%20Insurance%20Manual.pdf http://mo.laschools.org/fis/nc/nc-safety/filestorage/index?folder%5fid=1297031