Funny Leave Applications

Transcription

1 Funny Leave Applications "Since I have to go to my village to sell my land along with my wife, please sanction me one-week leave." "as I am marrying my daughter, please grant a week's leave.." "As my mother-in-law has expired and I am only one responsible for it, please grant me 10 days leave. An employee applied for half day leave as follows: "Since I've to go to the cremation ground at 10 o-clock and I may not return, please grant me half day casual leave" An incident of a leave letter: "I am suffering from fever, please declare one-day holiday. A leave letter to the headmaster: "As I am studying in this school I am suffering from headache. I request you to leave me today

2 An Overview of e-governance Initiatives in India Dr. Shaik N.Meera Senior Scientist and Consortium PI Rice Knowledge Management Portal Directorate of Rice Research Hyderabad

3 An overview of E-governance Initiatives in India Agriculture is information intensive Large Numbers - Farmers, Organizations, Personnel Complex systems of NARES institutionalized and interlinked Administration of development process, credit, agribusiness and market related activities are complex domains in agriculture Inherent vulnerabilities and instantaneous response to socio economic transformations Shifts in international and domestic policies

4 An overview of E-governance Initiatives in India Options Computers, Internet and Web applications Mobile phones Community Radio / FM Radio Interactive TV GIS, Remote Sensing, Crop Models Data Warehousing and Mining Grid Computing Soils Weather Water Socio-economic

5 An overview of E-governance Initiatives in India Triple Helix? Strand 1: Sources of agricultural information (international/ national/extra-institutional) Strand 2: e-governance (ICT4D) models Strand 3: ODL and E-learning in agriculture/rd

6 An overview of E-governance Initiatives in India Triple Helix? Strand 1: Sources of agricultural information (international/ national/extra-institutional) NARS Portals VERCON RKMP AgrisNet TNAU Agri Portal

7 An overview of E-governance Initiatives in India Triple Helix? Strand 2: e- governance (ICT4D) models Govt. Initiatives : MMPs, Agrisnet Cooperatives : Warna Wired Village Private : Choupals, ikisan Technical Institutes : KISSAN, e-sagu Dairy : AMC Fisheries : Aqua Choupal Web based : aaqua Blended : KVKs - Baramathi

8 An overview of E-governance Initiatives in India Triple Helix? Strand 3: ODL and E-learning in agriculture/rd E-learning Websites OPAPA MAFSU VASAT Blended Learning

9 Extension Function Linking farmers to markets Raise (general) awareness of opportunities Provide technical information; demonstrate, or train Diagnose problems and recommend solution Respond to follow up questions raised by clients Provide mass advisories Facilitate access to credit and inputs Assist with business planning Conduct surveys, M&E, enumerations ICT Options in Relation to Agriculture and RD Radio Price reports Very good Some potential -but limited information delivered Some potential if dealing with general problems Good if producers can call or text in and sufficient expertise is available TV and Videos Visuals are usually very helpful as "seeing is believing" Visuals are usually very helpful as "seeing is believing" Limited extent Cell Phones (text, voice) Access to price information (call in, subscriptions) Some potential if farmers can call or text in and sufficient expertise is available Some potential if farmers can call or text in and sufficient expertise is available Some potential if farmers can call or text in and sufficient expertise is available Excellent option Excellent option Is an option if users are registered to receive such messages (SMS) Mobile banking; negotiate directly with input suppliers Some options exist Smart Devices Can bring potential buyers and producers together; access price information Good option for intermediaries to seek information Additional potential to a simple cell phone as it enables web access and plays videos well. Additional potential to a simple cell phone as it enables web access. Special diagnostics "apps" are already available. Good option for intermediaries to seek information (if optimized for smart devices) Is an option if users are registered to receive such messages (SMS, ) Mobile/Online banking Simple farm management "apps"; record keeping Many new tools and options, incl. GPS tracking PC, Internet tools Can bring potential buyers and producers together price info.; Good option for intermediaries to seek information Good option for intermediaries to seek information Good, comprehensive tools are available Good option for intermediaries to seek information Is an option if users are registered to receive such messages ( ) Online banking Farm management tools; record keeping Online surveys Source: Adapted from Mark Bell and Judith Payne, 2011

10 Hub- Spokes Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Internet enabled Computer Centres (Kiosks/Knowledge Centres/Common Service Centres/Telecentres) Akshaya e- learning centres, Warna Wired Village Village Knowledge Centres e- Choupal Knowledge Share Centres Common Service Centres Byrraju Foundation Dissemination of information on agricultural technologies, climate, prices, government programmes, schemes, e- literacy etc

11 Knowledge Management - Portals Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Portals Rice Knowledge Management Portal, Farmers Portal AGRISNET, Department of Agriculture and Co operation (DACNET), I-Kisan, Agriwatch, AGMARKNET, Karshaka Information Systems Services and Networking(KISSAN), India Development Gateway, Agriwatch, AGMARKNET, Agropedia, e- Krishi (IT Mission Kerala) Providing users with information on varieties, cultural practices, plant protection practices, prices, advisory services, E- commerce- Linking producers to traders/consumers In few cases, on-line query management etc

12 Portals

13 Problem Solving Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Call centres KISAN Call centres IKSL Providing instantaneous information on technological solutions, problem solving through consultation with experts, legal counselling

14 Mobile Telephony Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Mobile Phones Reuters Market Light (RML), IFFCO; Tata m-krishi), Fisherman advisory services by MSSRF Airtel Maharashtra (activating sprinkler irrigation with Mobile) Dissemination of information on technology, weather, prices of commodities in different markets, crop and animal husbandry advisory services, government schemes

15 Viability Maturity cycle of Mobile apps Peak of Inflated Expectations: 71% of mobile apps reliant on gov t or donor funding Plateau of Productivity: 15% of apps are sustainable Trough of Disillusionment: 37% of apps don t go past the pilot stage Slope of Enlightenment: 49% of apps in the commercialization phase Technology Trigger = mobile penetration Time Credible, contextualized Information Not sufficient, but essential component for Mobile apps

16 Planning mobile apps Highly specific tasks - Diagnostics, Nutrient Manager Directed, but less specific Open-ended Tasks Web-wide Tasks - Varieties, alerts, contingency plans, Expert Answers - GAP, Weed Management, Govt. Schemes - General searches Do we have an inventory of tasks? Define Scale and Depth of Mobile apps Develop IA accordingly

17 Planning mobile apps Selection of varieties seed sources - Rate - Knowledge Seed Quality 3 steps Nutrient Manager Diagnostic Apps - Knowledge - Input coordination - Knowledge Proactive alerts- reactive diagnostics - Real time Pesticides source credit - insurance All along the crop growth stages - FAQs Interactive like LIVES - IVRS - Voice mails contingency plans Toll Free Calls

18 Planning mobile apps Government schemes Departments - Real time information Input supply from - Frontend policies advisories Marketing - MSP Consumer preference Price Fluctuations surplus Weather - Interstate barriers/opportunities -small mkt. - Knowledge Adaptations with Technology - Resilient technology Contingency plans - alerts

19 Planning mobile apps Nearest scientists/ station/ extension office - Search by code - location - Relative advantages Talking webs Into Mobile Apps - Less specific tasks browse can t read - Listen to the mobile apps PHT - itunes ipods Develop inventory Do How Apps - Local value addition tips marketing - How to fit a lure in a pheromone trap

20 Community Radio Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Community Radio Community Radios run by KVKs, NGOs etc (e.g.: Sangham Radio, Kongu FM radio, Mandakini ka awaaz, Krishi Community Wide range of information on rural life, agriculture, forests, health, handicrafts etc. Greater scope for issues on sustainability as the ownership is with the community.

21 Video Based Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Video Digital Green, Video SEWA (Self Employed Women s Association) Information dissemination, advocacy, communication, training, capacity building, mobilisation, distance education

22 Digital Photography- COCO Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Digital Photography e- Sagu, e-seva and e- Velanmai in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu Information dissemination Training Problem-solving Advisory support

23 Touch Screen (Hole in the Wall!) Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Interactive CD ROM/ Touch Screen Touch screen kiosks, Pondicherry SAUs, ATICs Problem solving, information dissemination

24 VC- Interactivity Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Video conferencing MANAGE Virtual academy for semi-arid tropics, CPCRI Kasargod, IGNOU Advisory support

25 Pvt Sector: One Stop Shops Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Integrated Services of Private Sector Mahindra Samriddi Centres E-choupals of ITC One stop shops for information and services

26 Facilitation Tools Land Records Type Name of ICT project/programme Major Objectives Land Records Bhoomi, Bhuchetana Bhurekha (Kerala) Bhubharathi (CARD-AP) Essential Services Land records

27 Facilitation Tools Multi-layer Decision Making Characterization - Bihar Flood Prone Districts

28 Facilitation Tools Entrepreneurship 1. ICTs in creating Entrepreneurial Opportunities New perspectives Tech-Mode 2. ICTs in Developing and Sustaining E- Capabilities E-incubators ICTs Role

29 Facilitation Tools Entrepreneurship ToeHold Artisans Collaborative (TAC)- artisans and self help groups (SHGs) of women in Athani TAC is now a prominent player in the international market for ethnic footwear supplying international clientele in UK, Italy, Japan and Australia.

30 Missing Links

31 Missing Links 1) Supply driven approach 2) Lack of integrated and coordinated initiative 3) Gap in understanding local dynamics and social behavior 4) Respect and partnership among relevant stakeholders 5) Relationship between farmers and service providers (Input, Market and Extension) 6) Flow of information between field and research

32 5 major gaps - Heeks Information gap Process gap Objectives gap Management systems gap Values gap

33 ICT - Supply chain analysis Mapping existing services, providers & roles Understand the success factors & causes of failure Identify the incentives (Business Case) Capacity of extension dept. & research institutes Quality and validation of content Expected Future Scenario Need based & trust worthy quality content Packaging (Tool, low cost, access & availability) Market driven and branded services Policy and environment friendliness

34 Indicators for success 1. Access - Relative easiness in access 2. Availability - Quality of knowledge 3. Appropriateness - comprehensiveness (there is a paradox) 4. Complimentary of knowledge with the existing services/ infrastructure 5. Pre-requisite conditions and multiple deliveries 6. Willingness of partners to uptake (ability of content to value add to their services) 7. Attributing the 'knowledge' to productivity/ income/ other gains (DCED standards)

35 Knowledge Worker at Village Level Land preparation Nutrient Management Pest Management Varietal selection Good establishment Water Management Harvest Management Inventory of knowledge products / extension material from different sources Re-packaging knowledge for non-negotiable adoption points Sequencing knowledge interventions Blending with demonstrations DCED standards for M&E

36 Pathway Analysis State/ Nation Level KVK system/zpd E District Level E Village Level KVK Field person State Dept. Agri NGOs (like DG) E X Includes ATMA E X VAO E E E Krishi Sathi SAU/ICAR Research R District centres R Field staff F Credit Instt/ Banks B B I F Private Input Dealers/ Firms I Service oriented only I Pr M But..Content inadequacy Processing/ Millers Market agencies Pr M Pr M O Others/ mass media/ mobile phony O O

37 Knowledge Sources Mapping Knowledge Sources- Accessibility Output buyers / food processor Primary cooperative society Para-technician / private agency / NGO Group discussions Travelling seminar Street drama Credit agency Farmers study tour Other 165 farmers Help line/call line 1551 Participation in Training 122 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) Extension worker State department DAATTC/ ATMA Television Radio Mobile phone Input dealer Government demonstration Village fair Internet Video Newspaper, Pamphlets

38 Use of ICT tools - farmers Category Types % Use Frequency ICT Tools used Computer Networks Audio- Video Conferencing Radio/ Community Radio Personalized/ Customized 19% ICT Processes - Used ICT Tools & processes - % Use Computer Networks 12% Mobile Telephony Landline Phones Other Automated Tools Blended Hub & Spokes Model Kiosk Model Personalized/ Customized Audio- Video Conferencing 3% Kiosk Model 3% Radio/ Community Radio 8% Hub & Spokes Model 6% Mobile Telephony 22% Blended 21% Landline Phones Automated Tools 3% 3% Computer Networks Audio- Video Conferencing Radio/ Community Radio Mobile Telephony Landline Phones Automated Tools Blended Hub & Spokes Model Kiosk Model Personalized/ Customized

39 Information received from ICTs Non-negotiable Adoption Points (NNAP) Land preparation Nutrient Management Pest Management Varietal selection Good establishment Water Management Harvest Management NNAP Frequency % Seeds & Varietal Selection Land Preparation Nursery Management Crop Establishment Methods Nutrient Management Water Management Plant Protection Weed Management Harvest Management Market and supply chain Government related Weather related

40 ICTs Changes in Practice - Productivity Adoption Model of Rogers (1962) AIETA ICT tools Information received Changes practices = 11 56= 12 in Productivity Reduced Any other increased cost of advantage (by how much) cultivation (by how much) 30% 13% 7% Awareness Interest Evaluation Trial Adoption? Location-wise Average Productivity (t/ha) Regular Yield (t/ha) % Yield Advantage

41 Framework for e- governance in agriculture: Nation Level National e- governance efforts KM Portals KM Practices Repositories E-gov models T.V / Radio Print Knowledge Organization Portals Interfaces CSCs Smart interfaces Players ICAR NIC KVK Network DAC -Policy LMS e-learning Special Workflows Intra / Extranet ICAR + Partners Call centers Fixed / mobile Phones Stakeholders Users

42 Framework for e- governance in agriculture State Level ICT Approaches Service Coordination Pvt Sector District Level ICT Approaches Pluralism -encouraged Service Coordination Pvt Sector Block/Cluster Level ICT PURA AgrisNet Websites Service Coordination ATMA ICT Integration KVK Networking Websites CSCs Extension Workers ATMA Para extn. Websites SAU Frontline Extension KCC Mobile Extension Services Interfaces DISNet Market Hubs Mobile Extension Services Facilitating coordination T.V / Radio Print CSCs Smart interfaces Call centers Fixed / mobile Phones Stakeholde

43 Thank you