USDA Northeast Climate Hub The 2nd Annual IPM Conference August 15, 2016
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1 United States Department of Agriculture Northeast Climate Hub USDA Northeast Climate Hub The 2nd Annual IPM Conference August 15, 2016 Dave Hollinger, Northeast Hub Director 7 Regional + 3 Specialty Hubs 5 led by ARS, 5 by FS Research
2 The Northeast Climate Hub IS NOT: Regulatory or prescriplve Focused on Climate Change years from now IS: All USDA in Partnership with Land Grant Extension and Research Concerned with weather variability and trends happening now
3 United States Department of Agriculture Northeast Climate Hub The mission of the Climate Hubs is to develop and deliver science-based, region-specific informalon and technologies, with USDA agencies and partners, to agricultural and natural resource managers that enable climate-informed decision-making, and to provide access to assistance to implement those decisions X Help farmers make a buck and protect their farmland Change perceplons: The new climate normal is not the old climate normal
4 Hubs are the key USDA Response to Weather Variability and Climate Change - Secretary Vilsack AdaptaLon increasing resiliency to extremes MiLgaLon reducing emissions of GHGs
5 United States Department of Agriculture Northeast Climate Hub The Northeast Hub works across the USDA & with Land Grant and other Partners to: Learn how a changing climate is affeclng the Northeast. Discover ways farmers and foresters can adapt to and take advantage of climate change. Communicate informalon and material to Extension Professionals, Advisors, Farmers, Foresters, Land Owners and others. (Outreach)
6 Long term trends & recent WEIRD WEATHER Super el Niño - Since last November, every month has set a new temperature record Warming greatest up north Increasing persistence in weather pacerns leading to more variability
7
8 Details macer
9 Madsen & Willcox, 2012 Heavy rain or snow is becoming more common and storms more intense in the Northeast
10 Madsen & Willcox, 2012
11 Madsen & Willcox, 2012
12 Northeast Madsen & Willcox, 2012
13 Opportuni=es and Challenges in a changing Northeast climate: TREND Opportunity Challenge Warmer Longer Growing Season New pests, late frosts Wecer Becer growth Fields too wet to work More Intense Rain Erosion, nutrient runoff
14 Details Macer
15 Details Macer
16
17 Some things farmers are already doing to adapt to climate change Soil health BMPs IPM 1. Alter varieles/species to match a new temperature or moisture environment 2. Use methods to improve soil moisture capacity (cover crops) and to conserve soil moisture (e.g., crop residue retenlon). 3. Improve water management via becer irriga=on scheduling (farm weather stalons) 4. Manage water to prevent water logging, erosion, and nutrient leaching where rainfall increases. (drainage, ponds, buffers, grassed waterways) 5. Altering the Lming or localon of cropping aclviles (double cropping). 6. Diversifying income through a wider variety of farming aclviles such as livestock raising. 7. Using climate forecaslng and insurance to reduce produclon risk.
18 Jay Galusha Fairfield Dairy Farm Williamstown, Mass. NRCS ConservaLon Showcase: No Till & Cover crop Kate Parsons, NRCS I mean it blew the convenlonal corn right out of the water, said Galusha. It was such a dry year but being no-lll, it held the moisture in the ground. It worked phenomenally well. The weed control was just as good, if not becer, in the no-lll field than it was in the convenlonal. There wasn't a weed in it.
19 ImplicaLons NE Forest Health Pest ranges ooen limited by minimum winter temperatures
20 Climate & Forest Pests (con t) Direct Effects of temperature on pest life-history Diapause, cold hardening, development Lme Mtn. Pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) decreased generalonal Lme & increased survival Warm winter temperatures can cause DesynchronizaLon resullng in cold-intolerant stages present in winter (Hemlock Wooly Adelgid)
21 Climate & Forest Pests Indirect Effects of temperature and rainfall on pest life-history (hosts, predators, disease) Flushing of trees vs. hatch Tree defenses weakened by drought (greater impact on trees with foliage feeding than boring insects) Gypsy moth fungus limited by dry spring Silviculture oplons (e.g. mixed species more resistant)
22 United States Department of Agriculture Learn More Newslecer Factsheets, Webinars Northeast Vulnerability Assessment published AdaptaLon DemonstraLons (U Delaware) Weather data tool (U Maine) AdaptaLon Workbook
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