Survey on Implementation Conditions of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Europe

Transcription

1 Survey on Implementation Conditions of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Europe Meta Informations Creation date Last update date User name BE1pest2013 Case Number Invitation Ref. Status N Language en 1. User data 1.1. Please choose Member State: Belgium 1.2. Name of Competent Authority responsible for filling in the survey: Service public de Wallonie, Direction générale opérationnelle de l'agriculture, des ressources naturelles et de l'environnement, département du développement 2.1. Have you designated Competent Authorities responsible for planning, governance and coordination of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)? Please specify since when Please describe briefly and/or include reference to any available documents or annexes you have already provided/are going to provide. 2. Planning, governance and coordination The regional authorities are competent. For Wallonia it is the "direction générale opérationnelle agriculture, ressources naturelles et environnement". (The state's council gave an advisory opinion on these competences) Which specific programmes on IPM have you developed? (more than 1 answer possible) Please describe the sectors targeted and how many (e.g. orchards) Which specific programmes on IPM do you plan to develop? (more than 1 answer possible) Please describe the sectors targeted and for when they are planned. Crops/sector level (e.g. orchards) IPM program specific to orchards, since Regional level Program at regional level is planned for 2014, for all kind of crops (for professional agricultural producers) In which areas have you planned research on IPM to promote its development? (more than 1 answer possible) Pathogens epidemiological studies Low input techniques Damage or economic thresholds setting Pest monitoring and/or decision support systems

2 If possible, please provide a short summary of the programs. * meadows : weeds treatment trials in meadows with leguminous plants (lowering of active ingredient doses); trial installed in order to be able to recommend varieties of fodder crop * sugar beet : developpement of the low dosage weed control FAR syst * potatoes: Aphids Decision Support System, Late blight DSS, Impact of beneficial arthropods on pest dynamic population, use in IPM * vegetables : trapping net for pests in vegetables 2.6. In which areas do you intend to plan research on IPM to promote its development? (more than 1 answer possible) Pest monitoring and/or decision support systems 3. Communication and certified training 3.1. Have all concerned parties been duly informed on Planned for the obligation to apply Integrated Pest Management (IPM) general principles by January 2014? If planned, please specify how and when. For 2014, through agricultural newspapers, agricultural shows, conferences,... A sentence is added on research and vulgarisation contract of all concerned pilot centres: they are obliged to communicate on IPM and the directive 2009/ Have you organised visits to IPM fields/demonstration farms/workshops specifically for farmers? 3.3. Have you organised visits to IPM managed areas/workshops specifically for non agricultural professional users? 3.4. Will agricultural professional users be trained on new IPM requirements by end of 2013? 3.5. Will non-agricultural professional users be trained on new IPM requirements by end of 2013? 3.6. Will distributors of Plant Protection Products (PPP) be trained on new IPM requirements by end of 2013? 4. Advisory services, pest monitoring and decision making tools 4.1. Are advisory services on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) available to agricultural professional operators? If yes, please specify how and since when. t defined since when (it depends on the crops; for some of these, more then 20 years). Following to the crops these services are free for everybody, or reserved to members or available against payment Are advisory services on IPM available to nonagricultural professional operators? If yes, please specify how. Only for potatoes 4.3. Are advisory services in IPM trained and certified? Planned for

3 If planned, please specify for when and by whom. 25/11/2015. The distributors of ppp and the advisors will have to obtain a "phytolicence". The regions will be responsible of the training. The licence will be given at the federal level Which decision making tools are already available to advisors and/or professsional users? (more than 1 answer possible) Weather forecasting services Early warning/diagnosis systems Intervention thresholds Monitoring traps, test kits Outcome forecasting models If other, please specify. For meadows and fodder crops: variety recommendations following to the regions (climate, grounds,...) 4.5. Please describe the sector/territorial coverage for each of the tools selected in question 4.4 (e.g. regions) Will decision making tools be made available to advisors and/or professional users? If yes, please specify the tools and for when they are planned Who is involved in the elaboration of data for early diagnosis systems? (more than 1 answer possible) This questionnaire is filled in for the walloon region. Concerned crops are here: potatoes, orchards, industrial vegetables, maize, cereals, vegetables, ornamental horticulture The same as ponted in4.4. IPM Advisors University, schools, research centres Farmers associations, Agricultural organisations Competent authorities at regional level Food industries/retailers 4.8. Will there be data elaborated from early diagnosis systems? If yes, please specify from whom and for when it is planned Who is involved in any update of existing models/threshold and for development of new models/thresholds (e.g. for new crop/pests combination)? (more than 1 answer possible) Will models/thresholds be developed? Potatoes (Phytophtora infestans), already available. Done by the centre pilote pomme de terre (the "reseau PAMESEB", CRA-W, Carah, Fiwap). Also already avalaible in orchards, in vegetables,... IPM Advisors University, schools, research centres If yes, please specify as appropriate from whom, which models and when. Potatoes (in course of adaptation to the plot level), by Carah, CRA-W and Pameseb Vegetable by CIM and pioot center industrial vegetables Orchards: aready running.

4 4.11. How do the advisors communicate to agricultural professional users? (more than 1 answer possible) Smart phone messages Bulletins via mail Web-sites Bulletins available in Info points Advisors visits Written individual advise If other, please specify. by fax, agricultural newspapers, Do you plan to extend the means of communication from advisors to agricultural professional users? If yes, please specify how and when they are planned for How do the advisors communicate to nonagricultural professional users? (more than 1 answer possible) Do you plan to extend the means of communication from advisors to non-agricultural professional users? Potatoes: SMS are foereseen Web-sites Written individual advise Please provide a brief description of the structure of IPM advisory services. Advisory services are organized per crop. They usually are "pilot centres" (extension services), have a status of non profit organizations, are partly subsidized by the regional state and by members (farmers). There are 12 pilot centres in Wallonia. They work independently of one another, - Sugar Beet : Weekly messages are sent out by mail to subscribers during the growing season, these messages are also included in agricultural newspapers - Maize : The pilot centre maize and the CIPF are managed by farmers representing different agricultural regions of the land. *Diabotrica virgifera monitoring --> 420 traps/year in Belgium (180 in Wallonie (CRA-W, CIPF) nearby the airports, stations, etc.) *Aphids : weekly followed in 12 places in Wallonia (CP Maïs) from de 4th to the 12th leaf * weeds : advices via agricultural newspapers, phone, Is the organisation of advisory services private and/or public? How are the advisory services financed? (more than 1 answer possible) Are advisors available for agricultural professional users? Private and Public Mixed public/private

5 If yes, please specify how many. There are a lot of advisors but this is difficult to quantify, notably because of the lack of definition of an advisor. This will be solved when advisors will be officially recognized (registered) Orchards: the ideal umber would be 1 advisor / 40 producers if individual visits are done during the high season (1 visit of 2 à 3h /month) Are advisors available for non-agricultural professional users? Are advisory services connected to technical scientific infrastructures operating on IPM such as diagnosis laboratories? If yes, please specify how. Connected to CRA-W and "Clinique des plantes" (University of LLN), Are research needs transmitted from fields to academia? If yes, please specify how. Through the intermediate of pilot centres Is the feed-back granted from and to farmers on the solutions achieved? If yes, please specify how. - Potatoes: feed back in potatoes - Vegetables: information meetings, crop guide, land plot sheet - Orchards : through the advisor (during visits and the individual assessment at the end of the year) global assessment and proposal for the next year - Meadows : no de feed back except for farm visits on demand - Sugar beet : farmers can reply through the IRBAB site for comments on the advise given - Maize : daily exchanges take place with farmers. More than 40 farms in Wallonia are followed by advisors (during experimentations or not) for weeds, aphids,... problems Have you organised a demonstration farms network? If yes, please specify how and how many farms are involved. Potatoes: technical meetings "field corners" and "hangar corners": (4/year to 400 farmers, Orchards : no, because they all are already working with IPM Vegetables: foreseen with 10 farmers Maize : no demo farm in Wallonia because there is not enough problem for this crop alone. However there is a trial network in various agricultural regions for the testing of new techniques regarding weeds. These trials are intend to find the best compromise between efficacy, selectivity, cost reduction and environmental impact. Other trials aim to find methods to reduce erosion and the loss of ppp by drainage out of the plot Have you organised any other demonstration network?

6 If yes, please specify how. Carah, potatoes: Annual conference, Orchards: yes, for some technical developments (residues, varieties, diseases, mechanical removal of weeds, ) 5. Guidelines and other informative technical information 5.1. Are guidelines on general principles of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) available? If yes, please specify how many and/or at what level (regional, national). Guidelines on IPM are available for the majority of the crops but not following to the structure of the 8 principles of the directive 2009/128: they are in some cases presented as good agricultural practices. They will be available in 2014 in a format correponding to the 8 principles of the directive Are sector specific guidelines on general principles of IPM available? If yes, please specify how many and/or at what level (regional, national). Available in orchards : specifications for "integrated production of pomefruits" Federal since 1994 (Arrêté Royal), Regional since 2004 (Arrêté Ministériel), FRUITNET = private specifications for "integrated production of pomefruits" since Vegetables : foreseen (the crop manual must be completed) 5.3. Are IPM guidelines legally adopted? If yes, please specify how many and/or at what level (regional, national). In orchards (see above) 5.4. what sectors are responsible for development and University, schools, research centres updating of IPM guidelines? (more than 1 answer possible) Farmers associations, Agricultural organisations Pesticide and/or bio-control industries Competent authorities at regional level Food industries/retailers If other, please specify. Pilot centres (extension services) are actively working on development and updating of IPM guidelines, but they already have been doing that for a long time Will IPM guidelines be updated and/or further developed? If yes, please specify by whom and when it is planned for Are crop specific guidelines available to agricultural professional users? If yes, please provide detailed information or, in case, link to national webpages. Please also specify how many and/or at what level (regional, national). By the same people as explained above. This is running and will be a continuous work. Orchards, see (Arrêté du Gouvernement Wallon du 29 April 2004 relatif à l'agrément de la méthode de production intégrée pour fruits à pépins, des organismes de contrôle ainsi que des producteurs qui pratiquent cette méthode). A Link with the web page of the decree in "justel" doesn't work. Private guidelines: fruinet (not available)

7 5.7. What sectors are involved in the distribution of guidelines to farmers and other professional users? (more than 1 answer possible) IPM advisors University, schools, research centres Competent authorities at regional level Food industries/retailers If other, please specify. Pilot centers. NB: there is nobody being only "IPM advisor". The advisors of the pilot centres are the most implicated in the distribution of the IPM principles 5.8. Will guidelines to farmers and other professional users be distributed? If yes, please specify by whom and when it is planned for How are IPM guidelines made available to professional users? (more than 1 answer possible) Planned for See 5.7. Handbook on IPM Internet webpages Other If other, please specify. * Currently, for orchards, in the official journal * For other crops, in the future: official journal is one of the possibilities. t yet exactly defined Will IPM guidelines be made available to professional users? Please specify how, by whom and when it is planned for Which incentives have been put in place to encourage agricultural professional users to implement crop or sector specific guidelines for IPM on a voluntary basis? (more than 1 answer possible) See IPM advisory programs/ipm support programs Awareness raising campaigns Food industry retailers demand Certified production systems If other, please specify. refunding of IPM control costs in orchards Will incentives be put in place to encourage agricultural professional users to implement crop or sector specific guidelines for IPM on a voluntary basis? If yes please specify the incentives and when they are planned for Which incentives have been put in place to encourage non-agricultural professional users to implement IPM sector specific guidelines on a voluntary basis? (more than 1 answer possible) Will incentives be put in place to encourage nonagricultural professional users to implement IPM sector specific guidelines on a voluntary basis? Refunding of IPM control costs. "When" is not yet defined. This will be donne if sectors provide crop specifications more demanding than the "basis IPM guidelines".

8 6.1. Have you set indicators to measure progress in Integrated Pest Management (IPM)? 6. Measure the progress achieved If yes, please describe them briefly. Is in place only for orchards where IPM producers are controlled. So, its easy, in a small region, to count the number of certificated producers. indicators are foreseen for other crops Do you have other actions to measure progress? If yes, please describe them briefly. The number of producers receiving treatment advices from pilot centres are supposed to be working following to IPM. This number of producers is known/estimated per crop. 7. Promotion of low pesticide input pest management 7.1. What are the measures put in place to promote low pesticide-input pest management? (more than 1 answer possible) Taxation system with low risk product advantaged Lower fees for registration of low risk products Simplified accelerated process of authorisation Tareted public research Organic farming subsidies Integrated production subsidies Please describe briefly how the measures selected in 7.1. are put in place or give reference to any document, national weblink, etc. - Taxation system with low risk products advantaged; Lower Fees for registration of low risk products; Simplified accelerated process of authorisation : see at federal level where it is done(this is the competence of "the federal"). - Targeted public research: Is included in the research priorities of the agriculture Minister. - Integrated Production subsidies: up to now, in orchards only - : * Information and courses in the framework of the phytolicence * Cities "no pesticides" 7.2. Do you to plan put in place measures to promote low pesticide-input pest management? If yes, please specify the measures and when they will be in place Is priority given to non-chemical methods? Planned for - Information to farmers : All the pilot centres are obliged by contract (funding decree) to inform the farmers about IPM Please describe or, in case, make reference to NAP chapters and when it is planned for. Farmers will have lists of : - methods that contribute to reduce the use of pesticides, - alternative methods They will have to choose some of these ones if these methods are proved efficient, feasible, cost effective. Planned for Are integrated Production certified schemes in place? 8. Complementary related policies

9 If yes, please specify how they are managed (e.g. private/public) Is crop rotation at farm level encouraged? Both, There are public, legal (Regional) specifications and privates, more stringent (FRUINET) If yes, please specify how. There will be a check list of "to do "actions (obligatory or 70 % of actions to choose or advised). Up to now, "crop rotation" is foreseen in the second kind of actions (percentage of actions to choose) Are ecological infrastructures (e.g. wild flower strips, hedges etc.) inside and outside the cultivation site encouraged? If yes, please specify how. There will be a check list of "to do "actions (obligatory or 70 % of actions to choose or advised). Up to now, this point is foreseen in the second kind of actions (percentage of actions to choose). A list of proposals of ecological infrastructures is proposed. 2 infrastructures are to be chosen. They also are part of agrienvironmental measures Are buffer zones between crop areas and sensitive off-crop areas encouraged? If yes, please specify how. However this is not done in the context of art 14 of dir 2009/128 : it is foreseen in context of art 11 & Have you identified any obstacles/diverging policies to full implementation of general principles of IPM?

10 If yes, please specify which and, if relevant, what measures have been taken to address these. * for some crops, not enough choice of pesticides against some pests (reduce or no possibility of alternation to fight a same pathogen, to chose a product of lower toxicity,...) * not enough financial resources to develop warning systems for all pairs "crop/pathogen" *more and more administrative work for the farmer *diversity of farm kinds *not enough financial resources to adapt warnings at the plot or micro-region scale in order to make these ones more reliable * requirement of the food industry (varieties,...) * the control of the good application of some general principles of the annex III of the directive is not always possible (only recommendations are feasible) * some alternative methods (principle 4) are not applicable every year in function of the weather conditions...they can necessitate a huge workload, expensive machines,... * for some crops, some principles are not applicable (production of reproductive material,...) Measures taken to adress these obstacles : * the measure difficult to apply will be facultative and not obligatory * search of the best method in order to avoid the increase of administrative workload * the choice between different kind of actions will be left to the farmers 8.6. Have you identified any unintended effects (e.g. socio-economical level)? If yes, please specify which and how they have been identified Do you have any other complementary policy you would like to mention? * Increased production and administrative costs which will not be covered by the regional state * less flexibility in the choice of crop rotations