CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes & Dryland Cereals (CRP-GLDC)

Transcription

1 CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes & Dryland Cereals (CRP-GLDC) A network and prospectus to leverage joint actions by partners Peter Carberry Director, GLDC

2

3

4

5 Excellence in Breeding Platform Measurement of Genetic Gain Intiation of Stage Gate process

6 The objective of the 2016 Science Forum is to rethink the pathways for agricultural research to stimulate inclusive development of rural economies in an era of climate change. The Forum will marshal evidence and build on lessons learned to date, to suggest an updated list of priority research areas and approaches which involve more strategic and inclusive engagement with partners

7 What evidence for research s contribution to poverty alleviation? No Publications ( ) Food and agricultural innovation pathways for prosperity Tomich TP, Lidder P, Coley M, Gollin D, Meinzen-Dick R, Webb P, Carberry P. Food and agricultural innovation pathways for prosperity. Agricultural Systems Feb 13. Pathways 1. Innovations to increase productivity Breeding 2. Innovations to increase productivity Agricultural Practices 3. Innovations to minimize production risks Breeding 4. Innovations to minimize production risks Agricultural practices 5. Market imperfections and failures input systems 6. Market imperfections and failures Value chains 7. Agricultural diversification 8. Natural resource management 9. Natural resource governance, property rights, and livelihoods 10. Human nutrition 11. Human health food consumers 12. Human health farmers and farm workers 13. Education (agricultural skills) 14. Food supply 15. Food waste 16. Food safety nets 17. National agricultural R & D 18. National food and agricultural policy

8 Pathway from staple crop research to poverty reduction Ability to adopt, intensity of adoption and productivity gains determine poverty reduction potential of new germplasm. Poor farmers are generally able to adopt. Intensity of adoption by poor farmers limits direct poverty-reducing effects. Other pathways may be critical to poverty reduction effects of new germplasm Alwang J, Gotor E, Thiele G, Hareau G, Jaleta M, Chamberlin J. Pathways from research on improved staple crop germplasm to poverty reduction for smallholder farmers. Agricultural Systems. 2017

9 Research role in supporting transformation of food systems in developing regions Food systems perspective. Adapted from a figure by Michele Grant, World Food System Center, ETH Zurich. Sourced from Tomich et al Food system is dendritic cluster of value chains. African, Asian, and Latin American food systems transformed fast in past two decades with modern and quiet revolutions. Technology innovations and R&D systems are important to the transformation of food systems, for farms and off-farm segments. Transformation brings incomes to farmers and lower food prices to consumers, but also exclusion, climate, energy challenges. IARCs and NARS need the lens of the food system in their strategies, plans, and innovations in technologies and products Reardon T, Echeverria R, Berdegué J, Minten B, Liverpool-Tasie S, Tschirley D, Zilberman D. Rapid transformation of food systems in developing regions: Highlighting the role of agricultural research & innovations. Agricultural Systems Feb 26.

10 GLDC: A prospectus for transforming Agri-Food Systems in the drylands of sub-saharan Africa and South Asia An R4D investment of ~$400 million over five years ( ) $150M Secured (38%) A global initiative of partners for the grain legume and cereal crops of the drylands of sub-saharan Africa and South Asia Tackling extreme poverty and malnutrition in the most fragile ecologies A Mali Agri-business Incubation Hub member exhibits processed products.

11 THE PROCESS Five Flagship Programs deliver into two impact pathways FP1: Priority setting, impact acceleration FP2: Transforming Agri-Food Systems FP3: Farm, household management FP4: Variety/ hybrid development FP5: Pre-breeding & Trait Discovery M&E with key indicators Prioritize women and youth

12 WHY TO ADDRESS THE GRAND CHALLENGES WHERE 1 2 >300 million poor and malnourished live in the target ecologies Highest risk of hunger ( projections) million stunted children (as of 2016) 4 5 Food prices could double due to climate change Other major issues: Land degradation Competition for land Aging and changing workforce The GLDC project area covers the semi-arid and sub-humid dryland agro-ecologies of sub-saharan Africa and South Asia which have some of the highest rates of poverty prevalence.

13 '000 MT '000 MT WHY 6 Foresight projection suggests increasing deficit between long-term aggregate supply and demand for these crops, especially for grain legumes a 0 Year Demand Supply_NOCC Supply_HDGM b South Asia SSA Year Food demand Feed demand Other demand Intermediate demand a: Supply and demand projection of aggregate GLDC crops in Low Income, Food Deficit Countries with and without climate change. b: Projected disaggregated sources of demand of GLDC crops by region in 2025 and 2040 ( 000 MT). Source: IMPACT version 3.3, IFPRI, based on SSP2 with No Climate Change (NoCC) and Climate Change using RCP 8.5 and the Hadley Climate Model.

14 Prioritization of research investment Relative economic importance of select crops in 2014 aggregated across 14 countries - Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Myanmar, Niger, Heat map of quality, market and environmental traits; darker the shading, higher the contribution. Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda Rank Crop Crop No. of Value Nutrition of Return & health on Share investment of Market Cumulative demand of region x country Livestock x crop x breeding Environment trait Sorghum countries production High Fe, Zn, folate value of Hybrids; alcohol share Stover yield, Ground cover, C sequestration grown (US$ million) Crops production Countries Breeding priorities NPV US$ IRR % BCR digestibility million Pearl millet High Fe, Zn, folate (%) Hybrids Stover yield, Ground cover, C sequestration digestibility 1 Groundnut Finger millet 10 High 10,680 Fe, West Zn, Ca Africa 24.2 Hybrids 24.2 Stover yield, Ground cover, C sequestration 2 Sorghum 8 9,087Sorghum 20.6 Nigeria, Mali, 44.8 Early maturing varieties digestibility and hybrids with tolerance Chickpea Chickpea6 Cooking 7,730 time, high Burkina 17.5 Machine-harvestable Faso to drought; resistance to Striga; tolerance of stem 62.4 N fixation, C sequestration protein, Fe, Zn borer/ midge 4 Pearl millet 8 7,165Groundnut 16.2 Nigeria, Mali 78.6 Drought-tolerant, short-duration, rosette and Pigeonpea Cooking time, high Hybrids, Seed color/size, milling N fixation, C sequestration 5 Pigeonpea 7 3, early- and late-leaf spot-resistant varieties protein, Soybean Fe, Zn Nigeria parameters, Drought-tolerant, fuelwood disease-resistant varieties Cowpea 8 2, Groundnut High oleic oil, aflatoxinfree 1,339Cowpea Nigeria, 3.0 Mali, 96.6 Insect-resistant lines, drought-tolerant, Aflatoxin-free Haulm yield, N fixation, C sequestration 7 Finger millet 4 digestibility low P Lentil Lentil 2 Taste, 978 cooking time, Burkina 2.2 Machine-harvestable Faso 98.8 tolerant Striga-resistant Stover and disease-resistant yield, N fixation, C sequestration 9 Soybean 6 protein, 511 Ca, Fe, Zn varieties digestibility Pearl millet Nigeria, Niger, Early-maturing, drought-tolerant, dual-purpose TOTAL Cowpea59 Taste, 44,094 cooking time, Mali, Burkina Color, seed 100 hybrid size parents/cultivars Stover with high yield, and stable N yields fixation, C sequestration protein, Ca Faso with disease resistance digestibility (downy mildew and blast) Soybean High protein East & and Southern oil Africa Seed size, mechanized harvesting Grain protein, stover N fixation promiscuous content Sorghum Ethiopia, Early maturing varieties/hybrids, yield, digestibility tolerant to nodulation, C sequestration Sudan, Uganda drought; resistant to Striga; tolerant of stem borer/midge

15 HOW PROMOTE KEY NUTRITIOUS CROPS First order priority crops and countries West Africa East & Southern Africa South Asia Crops Sorghum Groundnut Soybean Cowpea Pearl millet Pigeonpea Chickpea Finger millet Lentil Nigeria Mali Burkina Faso Niger Ethiopia Sudan Uganda Malawi Tanzania Zambia Mozambique India Myanmar

16 Product Concept Notes for all GLDC crops

17 GLDC: bringing together the R4D capabilities of the CGIAR in cereal-legume-tree-livestock systems CRP partners ICRISAT: Sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut IITA: Cowpea and soybean WLE: Interface farms and landscapes, increase water-use efficiency A4NH: Biofortification and food safety ICARDA: Lentil and chickpea ICRAF : Agroforestry and Natural Resource Management ILRI: Crop-livestock integration IWMI: Water management Bioversity International: Promote biodiversity on farms CCAFS: Climate-risk management tools and information PIM: Foresight modelling tools to assess impacts LIVESTOCK: Dual-purpose varieties and hybrids RICE, WHEAT, MAIZE, ROOTS, TUBERS AND BANANAS: Intercropping with dominant crops of the CRPs

18 GLDC Partners Apex and SROs Sub-Saharan Africa NARES FARA CORAF/WECARD CCARDESA ASARECA RUFORUM WACCI AWARD Private Sector companies & consortia DuPont Pioneer Advanta Seeds Syngenta Foundation Seed Co, Zimbabwe Mars Chocolate Microsoft MANOBI-AFRICA, Senegal Hybrid Parent Research Consortium African Seed Trade Association India Pulses & Grains Association (IPGA) Farmer Producer Organizations, India South Asia NGO & Large Programs ARIs SAARC Agriculture Centre APAARI ICAR, India National Institute of Nutrition, India Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Catholic Relief Services (CRS) CARE Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition Farm Africa African Agricultural Technology Foundation Self Employed Women s Association, India Young Professionals for Agricultural (YPARD) N2Africa HarvestPlus USAID Feed the Future Innovation Labs Sorghum and Millet Peanut & Mycotoxin Legume Climate-Resilient Sorghum Climate Resilient Chickpea Climate-Resilient Cowpea CSIRO, Australia CIRAD, France IRD, France FAO Research and Extension World Vegetable Center SLU, Sweden UWA, Australia

19 GLDC Innovation Fund Engage with private and public sector, civil society and smallholder farmers actors in targeted value chains. Fund collaborative design, implementation and outreach of GLDC projects that focus on understanding and overcoming constraints on the path to impact. Invest in unanticipated opportunities that can build a strong business case for sustainable and equitable benefits for smallholders. Critical capacity building activities that address key institutional barriers along GLDC value chains. Leveraging co-investment from private, NGO or public sector partners. A robust, transparent process will be implemented.

20 Build on phase 1 ( ): Grain Legumes Achievements

21

22 Genomes sequenced Pigeonpea (Nature Biotechnology- 2012) Groundnut (Nature Genetics Chickpea PNAS 2016) (Nature Biotechnology- 2013) Adzuki bean (PNAS 2015 Sci Rep 2015) Mungbean (Nature Commun ) Sesame (Genome Biology- 2014) Pearl millet (in revision)

23

24 Tropical Legumes III HOPE II Harnessing Opportunities for Productivity Enhancement of Sorghum and Millets in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

25 Bhoochetana - A soil rejuvenation project with Government of Karnataka

26 Breeding Management System supporting partners Working with NARS in ESA, WCA and ASIA Migrating fully two ICAR-India Institutions Indian Institute of Millets Research (IIMR) Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR) Separate server for ICAR Also supporting Indian Institute of Rice Research (IIRR) Working with NARS of HOPE-II and TL-III Burkina Faso, Mali, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Uganda, Ghana CIAT Bean under TL-III 24 Courses in last 3 years More than 250 Trials in HOPE & TL from above countries

27 GLDC agri-food systems research aspirations Post-farm marketing, trade and processing of GLDC commodities offer pathways to poverty reduction, food and nutritional security, resilience and sustainability impacts Market opportunities within GLDC agri-food systems provide incentives for the adoption of new on-farm and post-farm technologies that will boost both productivity and sustainability Yet many of these opportunities remain unrealized because of failures in the wider agri-food systems: missing or underdeveloped value chains and input and output markets weak policy enabling environments underdeveloped nutritional literacy ineffective organizational policies and practices lack of focus on organizational and institutional development

28 THE OUTCOMES Intermediate Development Outcomes (IDOs) 1. Increased climate change resilience 2. Improved diets 3. Sustainable agro-ecosystems 4. Increased incomes and employment 5. Increased productivity System level outcomes (SLOs) 1. Reduced poverty 2. Improved food and nutrition security for health 3. Improved natural resources and ecosystem services Projected outcomes ( ) million farm households adopt improved varieties million exit poverty million meet their daily nutritional needs 50% women benefit Impact of early chickpea cultivars in Myanmar: Seven cultivars released based on CGIAR germplasm >96% of the chickpea area in Myanmar during was covered by CGIAR-originated material Production increased five folds, 3.3 folds area expansion and 2.2 fold yield enhancement over 15 years

29 Demand-driven Innovation for the Drylands In partnership with CGIAR Centers, public and private organizations, governments, and farmers worldwide Thank you