(Big) Data Analytics for strain and product development

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1 (Big) Data Analytics for strain and product development Wynand Alkema Principal Scientist Data Head of University 1

2 NIZO in short Independent, private contract research company for the food industry Application & Processing Centre HQ in The Netherlands (Food Valley) Offices in USA, France, Japan 160 FTE From lab to practice Food-grade pilot plant From research to business solution Research Centre

3 Challenges for Food Industry How can we improve fermentation? - microbial cell as a factory - produce ingredients - improve taste, stability How can we improve safety? - prevent spoilage - spores, biofilms, fungi - pathogenic bacteria How can we improve health? - commensal bacteria, probiotic bacteria - produce healthy ingredients

4 What is Big Data Analytics? Science of collecting, combining and analyzing large amounts of data Extract novel information that can be used for making faster and more informed decisions Scope Numerical, research type of data Scientific text World-wide web Financial data, time course data IP related data Legislative information from regulatory bodies Consumer related data 4

5 Statistical and domain expertise The 6-Vs of big Data Volume Volumes of gigabytes and terabytes More data beats better algorithms Velocity Process data in real time Visualization Data without proper visualization reduces value Variety Structured, unstructured, both Video, text, audio, images Veracity Do we know and trust the data sources? Can we weigh the data? Value Always look for a suitable business case IT, hardware knowledge

6 Sources of big data (examples) Biological data (~omics data. The simultaneous measurement of thousands of biological entities) Genomes ( ), Proteins (10 3 ), Metabolites (10 3 ) Literature data Scientific papers (10 7 ) -> 2 papers per minute are added US-Patents (10 5 applications per year) Factory data Inline measurements of manufacturing parameters Consumer data Twitter, Facebook, weblogs 6

7 The big data reservoir Getting information off the Internet is like taking a drink from a firehose. 7

8 Data Torture the data, and it will confess to anything. Spurious correlations 8

9 Strain and product improvement 9

10 Ingredients with taste modifying activity Food industry looks for Low salt Low sugar Low fat Finding novel ingredient is expensive and time consuming Literate mining to automatically discover taste modifying ingredients Unbiased approach Covering a wide range of scientific literature Covering a wider range of possible new ingredients 10

11 The sensory ontology Hierarchically structured. Structured vocabulary Includes synonyms etc. Only part is shown here, total > 500 terms. Any data integration project that does not have an ontology will fail. 11

12 Connecting ingredients to taste Taste Ontology e.g. sweet, sour, bitter,umami, salty, ropiness, TASR1 Literature source 25 million scientific abstracts ~500 keywords, assembled by experts search Ingredient ontology e.g. mannitol,sucrose,sorbitol, alphaterpineol, 4-methylpentanoic acid,ethyl propionate,flavonoid,caffeine ~ ingredients Co-citation in a text is a connection. Many co-citations is a strong connection. Use statistics to correct for frequently used terms! 12

13 keywords Big Data 25 million papers 13

14 The taste literature landscape

15 Points of interest : modulators Show heatmap

16 Points of interest : modulators Show heatmap

17 Points of interest : modulators Show heatmap Ergotheoneine

18 Strain selection 18

19 New strains, new functions Identifying strains and functionalities requires experimental data, assay development. Testing multiple functionalities under multiple conditions; trial and error. Safety assessment. Use genome mining to preselect the strain function combination with the highest chance of success 19

20 Hydrolyzes lactose Bacterial Genomes The genome is a barcode that defines the properties of the organism. Antibiotic resistance Grows on glucans 20

21 21 Together to the next level >150 organisms >100 genomes >200 phenotypic measurements data points

22 GENOBOX : From genome to prediction Individual Lactococcus genomes Statistical model Flavor formation Off flavor formation GI survival Heat stress survival Vitamin B12 Yield Gene Statistical containers models (>50 in in total) : : Expert curated sets of of (1- ~10) ~100) genes genes that that are are linked to linked a functional to a function. trait. Traffic lights : Based on BLAST applying matching Statistical of Gene models Containers to each genome. to the genome. Costs of sequencing : 200 euro per organism

23 Final remarks Competitive advantage Informed decisions Efficiency gain New IP Challenges Education & awareness Data Stewardship Business cases 23

24 24

25 Points of interest : receptors Also show heatmap

26 Connecting

27 Interpretation

28 Interpretation Ergotheoneine

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