Biology Day 82. Announcements& Upcoming& Science&teachers&out&Thurs.&4/16& Collab&schedule&Mon.&4/20& ReCtake&your&test&!& & Planner: Study Guide 11.
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1 Biology Day 82 Monday, April 13 Tuesday, April 14, 2015 Types'of'Selec-on '& 1. Write'today s'flt'' 2. Divide'your'paper'into'3'sec-ons:'(1)' Direc-onal'selec-on'(2)'Stabilizing'and' (3)'Disrup-ve' 3. For'each'sec-on:'' a. Define'the'term' b. Draw'the'graph'' c. Describe'and'draw'an'example'' **Colorful4+4detailed4=4+104dojo4points**4 Announcements& Upcoming& Science&teachers&out&Thurs.&4/16& Collab&schedule&Mon.&4/20& ReCtake&your&test&!& & Planner: Study Guide 11.3 Table of Contents #8 8. Types of Selection Power Notes Study Guide 1&
2 Standard HS-LS 4-4: Construct an explanation based on evidence for how natural selection leads to adaptation of populations 11.3 Power Notes: Other Mechanisms of Evolution Key Concept: Natural selection is not the only mechanism through which populations evolve FLT I will be able to explain how gene flow, genetic drift, and sexual selection lead to the evolution of populations by completing 11.3 Power Notes. Recall Natural selection tells us that, due to environmental changes, organisms with favorable traits will reproduce more! Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution! This means that, over time, this can cause the entire population to change How Evolution Occurs Natural selection is only ONE mechanism of evolution! Other mechanisms of evolution:! Gene Flow! Genetic Drift (two kinds)! Sexual Selection 2&
3 How Evolution Occurs We now have 4 total mechanisms of evolution:! Natural Selection! Gene Flow! Genetic Drift (two kinds)! Sexual Selection Gene Flow Definition:! Movement of alleles from one population to another Gene Flow How it works:! Organisms move to a new population + reproduce Gene Flow Examples! Any movement from one place to a DIFFERENT place! An organism moves from one side of a mountain to another! A bird carries flower seeds from one side of a river to another 3&
4 Gene Flow Lots of gene flow between populations results in...! Genetically similar populations Gene Flow Limited gene flow between populations results in...! Different populations that could evolve into different species Gene Flow Gene flow can be harmful or beneficial! May reduce variation or add variation Genetic Drift Definition:! Changes in allele frequencies due to chance events. Two kinds! Bottleneck! Founder 4&
5 Genetic Drift How it works:! In small populations, some alleles may increase in frequency while others may decrease due to event Genetic Drift Key Terms:! Bottleneck Effect! An event that drastically reduces the size of a population + gene pool Genetic Drift Key Terms:! Founder Effect! A small number of individuals colonize a new area with a reduced gene pool Genetic Drift Negative effects:! Loss of genetic variation (harder to survive environmental changes)! Harmful alleles may become more common 5&
6 4/18/15& Sexual Selection Sexual Selection Definition:! Traits that increase mating success become more common in the population How it works:! Showy traits attract females & get passed on Sexual Selection Types! Intrasexual:! Males fight/compete for females! Intersexual:! Showy traits attract females Pair-Share-Respond 1. What'are'four'mechanisms'of'evolu-on?'' 2. Define' gene'flow.' 3. In'what'size'popula-on'does'gene-c'driN' usually'occur?''' 4. What'are'two'types'of'gene-c'driN?' 5. 'Explain'one'way'that'gene-c'driN'is'bad.'' 6. 'Why'do'peacock'males'have'large'tails'if' they'atract'predators?& 6&
7 Classwork 1. Study Guide/Reinforcement 2. Binder Assignments 3. Study for Quiz Biology Day 83 Tuesday, April 14 Wednesday, April 15, 2015 Video'Notes:'Selec-on '& 1. Write'today s'flt'' 2. What'are'the'four'mechanisms'of' evolu-on?''' 3. 'What'are'the'two'types'of'gene-c'driN?' 4. Horses'used'to'be'small.''Now,'they'are' larger'animals.''which'of'the'three'types' of'natural'selec-on'occurred?''' 5. Draw'a'graph'showing'the'change'in'#4.' 7&
8 Planner: Study Guide 11.4 Turn in all missing work Table of Contents #8 11. Video Notes: Selection Cornell Notes Study Guide Video Notes Watch the video at noise level 0 Have your do-now paper ready During the video, write down six facts Let s share out! Video Notes 8&
9 Standard HS-LS 4-4: Construct an explanation based on evidence for how natural selection leads to adaptation of populations 11.4 Cornell Notes: Hardy-Weinberg Key Concept: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium helps us understand how populations evolve FLT I will be able to identify the conditions that define Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by completing Cornell Notes Recall There are four main mechanisms of evolution:! Natural Selection, Gene Flow, Genetic Drift, and Sexual Selection! Genetic Equilibrium = When populations are NOT evolving Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium:! Genotype frequencies in a population stay the same over time! Why is it important:! Comparing real data with that predicted by the equilibrium model; framework for testing factors that can lead to evolution 9&
10 4/18/15& 5 Conditions Required to be in Equilibrium 1. Very large population 5 Conditions Required to be in Equilibrium 3. No mutations 5 Conditions Required to be in Equilibrium 2. No emigration or immigration! emigration = Moving out of a population (exit)! immigration = Moving into a population 5 Conditions Required to be in Equilibrium 4. Random Mating 10&
11 5 Conditions Required to be in Equilibrium 5. No natural selection Hardy-Weinberg Equation p 2 + 2pq + q 2 = 1 AND p+q = 1! What it means:! p 2 = frequency of AA (dominant homozygotes)! 2pq = frequency of Aa (heterozygotes)! q 2 = frequency of aa (recessive homozygotes) 11&
12 5 Factors Can Lead to Evolution 1. Genetic Drift 5 Factors Can Lead to Evolution 2. Gene Flow 5 Factors Can Lead to Evolution 3. Mutation 5 Factors Can Lead to Evolution 4. Sexual Selection 12&
13 5 Factors Can Lead to Evolution 5. Natural Selection Pair-Share-Respond 1. According'to'Hardy[Weinberg,'what'5'factors'can' lead'to'evolu-on?' 2. What'does'it'mean'for'a'popula-on'to'be'in' gene-c'equilibrium?' 3. What'five'condi-ons'are'required'for'a'popula-on' to'be'in'equilibrium?' 4. What'is'the'difference'between'immigra-on'and' emigra-on?' 5. What'is'the'equa-on'for'Hardy[Weinberg' equilibrium?& 13&
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