GDOT RP Investigation of Recycled Tire Chips for Use in GDOT Concrete Used to Construct Barrier Walls and Other Applications Phase I

Transcription

1 GDOT RP Investigation of Recycled Tire Chips for Use in GDOT Concrete Used to Construct Barrier Walls and Other Applications Phase I

2 Project Team University of Georgia Georgia Department of Transportation Stephan A. Durham, Ph.D., P.E. Peter Wu, Ph.D., P.E. Mi Geum Chorzepa, Ph.D., P.E. David Jared, P.E. Katelyn Stallings, MS Candidate

3 Project Scope Ultimate goal is to create the most impact resistant/energy absorptive rubber modified concrete mixture for use in concrete barrier walls and other applications Methods to improve adhesion between rubber and concrete matrix will be studied Fresh and hardened concrete properties to be studied: slump, air content, unit weight, temperature, compressive strength, split-tension strength, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, energy absorption, repeated drop-weight hammer test, permeability

4 Research Plan Task 1a. - Comprehensive Literature Review Completed May 2016 Task 1b. Acquire Needed Materials Completed August 2016 Project Deadline: September 10, 2017 Task 2a. Design, Batch, and Test Mini-Mixtures to Formalize Concrete Mixture Characteristics To Be Completed January 2017 Task 2b. Design, Batch, and Test Larger Scale Mixtures to Determine Hardened Concrete Properties While Attempting to Improve Rubber-Cement Paste Bond and Optimization of Rubber Content. To Be Completed May 2017 Task 3 - Data Analysis and Draft Report To Be Completed July 2017

5 Tire Recycling and Shredding Process Approximately 270 Million Scrap Tires Per Year (RMA, 2015) Majority recycled into other Products GA Scrap Tires < 1 Million Process Shredding the Tire Shear the tires with two counter rotating shafts creating 2in pieces. Mechanical shred and grind into particles (various sizes)

6 Rubberized Concrete Mixtures Fresh Properties Slump & Workability Decrease (Bing et. al., 2014) (Antil, 2014) (Najim et. al., 2010) (Siringi, et. al., 2015) (Gesoglu, et. al., 2007) (Khatib, et. al., 1999) Increase (Aiello, et. al., 2010) Air Content Unit Weight Increase Decrease (Bing et. al., 2014) (Najim et. al., 2010) (Khatib, et. al., 1999) (Guneyisi et. al., 2004) (Pedro, et. al., 2013) (Aiello, et. al., 2010) (Bing, et. al., 2014)

7 Rubberized Concrete Mixtures Hardened Properties Compressive Strength Flexural Strength Splitting Tension Modulus of Elasticity Decrease Decrease Decrease Decrease (Aiello, et. al., 2010) (Siddique, et. al., 2004) (Siringi, et. al., 2015) (Bing, et. al., 2014) (Ganjian, et. al., 2009) (Shah, et. al., 2014) (Elchalakani, 2014) (Kardos and Durham, 2015) (Solanki, et. al., 2015) (Kardos and Durham, 2015) (Siringi, et. al., 2015) (Guneyisi, et. al., 2004) (Bing, et. al., 2014) Thomas, et. al., 2015)

8 Rubberized Concrete Mixtures Hardened Properties Energy Absorption Increase (Pedro, et. al., 2013) (Najim, et. al., 2010) (Tantala, et. al, 1996) (Raghvan, et. al., 1998) (Siddique, et. al., 2004) Permeability Decrease (Gesoglu, et. al., 2007)

9 Rubberized Concrete Mixtures Hardened Properties Rubber decreased compressive strength regardless of rubber shape and size, though compressive strength reduction is smaller (at the same percentage) when crumb rubber was used rather than tire chips. Rubberized concrete cylinders were able to withstand some load after failure, while control mixtures failed after initial crack Rubberized concrete mixtures have a high rate of strength gain in the first seven days after mixing, with the rate slowing down over a 90-day period Methods to improve bond include washing rubber pieces with water, or surface treatments including carbon tetrachloride or sodium hydroxide

10 Experimental Plan Conduct Mini Mixture Design and Testing to establish base mixture characteristics and capability to meet GDOT Class A and Class B requirements. Cementitious Contents of 611, 660, and 705pcy Recycled Rubber Contents of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% replacements of aggregate (coarse or fine) Conduct Full Scale Mixture Design and Testing to determine mechanical properties of rubberized concrete mixtures. Examine pretreatments to improve paste-rubber bond and concrete performance.

11 Concrete Materials Cementitious Materials Type I/II Cement (SG = 3.15) No SCMs WR Grace Admixtures AEA HRWRA VMA Aggregates ASTM C33 Size 67 Coarse Aggregate (SG=2.65, AC=0.49) ¾ Recycled Tire Chip (SG= 1.20, AC=0.2) ASTM C33 Fine Aggregate (SG=2.65, AC=1.53) 20mm Recycled Crumb Rubber (SG= 1.20, AC=0.2)

12 Recycled Tire Chips Sieve Analysis of Tire Chips 120 Tire Chip Sample ASTM C33 (Lower Limit) ASTM C33 (Upper Limit) Percent Passing (%) Sieve Opening Size (in) Tire chips are similar to a size No. 67 aggregate

13 Recycled Crumb Rubber 100 Sieve Analysis of Crumb Rubber Crumb Rubber Sample 90 Percent Passing (%) Sieve Opening (in)

14 Mini-Mixture Test Matrix Trial # Mixture ID w/cm Cementitious Content, lbs (kg) % Sand Volume % Tire Chip Volume % Coarse Aggregate /611/100CA/0TC (277) /611/90CA/10TC (277) /611/80CA/20TC (277) /611/70CA/30TC (277) /611/60CA/40TC (277) /611/50CA/50TC (277) /660/100CA/0TC (299) /660/90CA/10TC (299) /660/80CA/20TC (299) /660/70CA/30TC (299) /660/60CA/40TC (299) /660/50CA/50TC (299) /705/100CA/0TC (320) /705/90CA/10TC (320) /705/80CA/20TC (320) /705/70CA/30TC (320) /705/60CA/40TC (320) /705/50CA/50TC (320) Key: w-cm/cement content/coarse aggregate content/tire chip content

15 Fresh Concrete Properties Results Slump Results Air Content Results pcy 660pcy pcy 660pcy 705pcy Slump (in.) pcy Air Content (%) Recycled Tire Chip Content (%) Recycled Tire Chip Content (%) Unit Weight Results pcy 660pcy 705pcy Unit Weight (pcf) Recycled Tire Chip Content (%)

16 Compressive Strength Results 0.42/611/x/x Compressive Strength (psi) TC0 611TC10 611TC20 611TC30 611TC40 611TC50 Class A Class B Age (days)

17 Compressive Strength Results 0.42/660/x/x Compressive Strength (psi) TC0 660TC10 660TC20 660TC30 660TC40 660TC50 Class A Class B Age (days)

18 Compressive Strength Results 0.42/705/x/x Compressive Strength (psi) TC0 705TC10 705TC20 705TC30 705TC40 705TC50 Class A Class B Age (days)

19 Compressive Strength Comparison (10% Tire Chip) Compressive Strength (psi) TC10 660TC10 705TC10 Class A Class B Days

20 Compressive Strength Comparison (All) 28 Day Compressive Strength 7000 Compressive Strength (psi) pcy 660pcy 705pcy Recycled Tire Chip Content (%)

21 Effect of Tire Chip Content Compressive Strength (psi) Effect of Tire Chip Content on Compressive Strength 1-Day 7-Day 28-Day Tire Chip Content by Total Aggregate Volume (%)

22 Short-Term Preliminary Observations Adequate strengths can be reached with 10% coarse aggregate replacement with recycled tire chips for typical cement content Adequate strengths can be possibly reached for with 20% coarse aggregate replacement with recycled tire chips for higher cement contents. Expect to reach higher compressive strengths with sand replacement with crumb rubber Compressive failure has been noticeably different between mixtures with and without recycled rubber.

23 Future Work Complete mini mixture testing for: 705pcy series (Tire Chip) 660pcy series (Crumb Rubber) Other (Tire Chip and Crumb Rubber Combination) Selection of base mixture design and comprehensive testing and evaluation.

24 Questions? Thank you!