Resiliency in Action: Practical Approaches for Extreme Rain and Wildland Fire

Transcription

1 Resiliency in Action: Practical Approaches for Extreme Rain and Wildland Fire Dan Sandink, MA, MSc (Pl) Manager, Resilient Communities & Research Practical Adaptation Measures for Alberta Municipalities March 5, 2015, Leduc AB

2 What is ICLR? Founded in 1997 by Canadian P&C industry Disaster mitigation and prevention Urban flood, wind, earthquake, wildland fire Research, public education, practical resources for insurers and municipalities

3 Outline Extreme rain Risk factors 3 case studies practical measures Wildland fire Risk factors 2 case studies practical measures Additional resources

4 Extreme rain

5 Edmonton, July 2004 Data: IBC 2014, PCS Catastrophic loss event Insured losses (2013 $) Slave Lake, July 1988 Calgary, June 1995 Southern AB, June 2002 Edmonton, July 2004 (flood and hail) Southern AB, June 2005 Edmonton, July 2012 Calgary, August 2012 (flood and hail) Southern AB, June 2013 IBC 2014: Water claims are #1 home insurance loss driver across Canada $37 M $29 M $53 M $195 M $344 M $10s of M >$500 M $1.8 B (mostly commercial)

6 mm in ~2 hrs ~$1 billion insured losses Sources: City of Toronto 2013; IBC 2014 BlogTO, 2013

7 SWM in Canada Pre ~1970s 1:2 to 1:10 year design standard, underground storm sewer system Post ~1970s Major (overland) and minor systems, ponds, 1:50 to 1:100 yr peak flow ~73% of the City of Mississauga has no SW quantity control 6 th largest city in Canada Pers. Comm., Chris Despins, Credit Valley Conservation, May 2014 Hulley et al. 2008; Watt et al. 2003; Watt and Marsalek 2013

8 Inflow and Infiltration (I/I) Inflow Source Infiltration Source

9 Additional issues Aging infrastructure 2012 Infrastructure Report Card: 30% of Canadian wastewater collection in fair, poor or very poor condition Urbanization Population, wealth, density of built environment, living space in the basement Climate change Few contemporary examples of consideration of climate change in design standards (e.g., IDF curves)

10 Cities Adapt 20 best practice case studies Accessible summaries emphasis on private-side Developed with municipal staff

11 Quebec City downspout disconnection Drivers 373/623 homes had downspouts connected to foundation drainage - Maizeret Outcomes Numerous communications, : 1 st (voluntary, fully funded): 25% uptake 2 nd (mandatory, fully funded, rain barrel offer): increased to 70% uptake Additional ($300 fine for non-compliance): 100% $100 K investment in downspout disconnection saved $500 K in construction of retention tank Diagram: Halton Region

12 Surrey lateral replacement Driver 30-70% of I/I was sourced at the privateside Outcomes When lot is being redeveloped or $100 K+ of renovation work is performed Camera inspection required if lateral is under 30 years old Automatic replacement if 30+ years old No-corrode, asbestos, cement, clay service pipes replacement regardless of age

13 London FD disconnection Drivers Foundation drain connections to sanitary in London allowed until1985 Recurrent flooding in neighbourhood Low uptake of previous incentive program (provided 75% of cost) Outcomes Pilot program Full cost of retrofit, included backwater valve, additional $1,000 incentive (for pump maintenance, hydro) 50% uptake achieved Images: Chambers 2013

14 London - outcomes $2 million for FD disconnections vs. $10 million for in-line storage Chambers, 2013

15 Wildland fire

16 Wildland fire PSC: Second most frequent cause of disasters in Canada OMPF, Kelowna, 2003: $239 M (2013 $) FTC, Slave Lake, 2011: $760 M (2013 $) Increasing risk Increasing occupancy, use of WUI areas Exposure and ignition risk Climate change 2 to 5.5X increase in annual area burned (boreal region) by 2100 for Canada and Alaska Historical emphasis on fire suppression Impacts on fuel loads and public perceptions/expectations More emphasis on FireSmart practices, municipal & public participation in risk reduction Sources: CCFM 2005; de Groot et al. 2013; Flannigan 2012; Flannigan et al. 2005; Balski et al. 2009

17 Images: Walkinshaw 2008 FireSmart Risk assessment Public education Emergency management Infrastructure Vegetation, fuel management Structural measures Land-use planning

18 Kananaskis ID Drivers Many developed nodes in high risk areas, multiple land uses (ICI, recreation, cottages, etc.) Outcomes (examples) 2008 KID WUI plan, revised in 2015 FireSmart for new development E.g., slope set-backs, roofing, siding, landscaping species Risk assessments for new development Landscape level: 330 ha, additional 100+ ha planned Emergency planning, cross-training Community Protection Achievement Certificate FireSmart Canada Walkinshaw 2008; KID 2009; Pers. Comm. S. Walkinshaw, C. Hamilton, Mar Walkinshaw 2008

19 Jasper, Edith Lake work bees Drivers Fuel management at lot, backyard scale Actively engage the public who share responsibility for mitigation Recognize public values (e.g., aesthetics, recreation, concern for wildlife) Outcomes 125+ ha of WUI area treated by residents (Jasper) Bottom-up, mitigation more likely to be supported by the public Common practice adopted by other communities Images: Foothills Model Forest n.d.; A. Westhaver

20 For more information Future volumes in the series: Cities Adapt to Extreme Heat Cities Adapt to Storms Cities Adapt to Wildland Fire Cities Adapt to Extreme Rain (Prt. II) Additional resources: Public education materials, research reports on I/I, sewer backup, homeowner involvement, IDFCC Acknowledgements: Kelly Johnson, FireSmart Canada Alan Westhaver, Parks Canada (Ret d) Stew Walkinshaw, Montane Forest Management Craig Halifax, Fire Chief, KID

21 $500 for community-led FireSmart activities 20 grants Available to anyone who wants to coordinate community-level event Apply by March 20 National event on May 2

22 IDFCC Tool idf-cc-uwo.ca Released March S. Simonovic, R. Srivastav, A. Schardong, Western Engineering, Dan Sandink, ICLR Funded by CWN, ICLR partner Select GCM or GCM ensemble, RCP, projection period

23 Thanks!