Restoration of Nesting Habitat for Cactus Wrens. Megan Lulow & Jutta Burger Irvine Ranch Conservancy
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1 Restoration of Nesting Habitat for Cactus Wrens Megan Lulow & Jutta Burger Irvine Ranch Conservancy
2 Irvine Ranch Conservancy Cactus Wren Projects Cactus restoration in Central Reserve/North Ranch (post-fire response) Artificial nest project: IRC, Robb Hamilton Cactus restoration pilot study testing weed control; IRC Cactus scrub restoration in Coastal Reserve (population linkage); NROC, New Fields (Griswold), IRC (2 sites)
3 Project Objectives Augment cactus scrub habitat burned in the 2007 Santiago Wildfire in areas that would benefit existing cactus wrens most Restoration approach that minimizes risk of cactus patch destruction during future wildfires Feasible restoration approach that balances benefits of abundant sites and rapid structure
4 Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Quality nesting habitat: Coastal prickly pear (Opuntia littoralis) and coastal cholla (Cylindropuntia prolifera) >1m height At least 2 ac cactus scrub with >20% cactus cover Presence of Sambucus mexicana Photo: Robb Hamilton
5 Criteria for Candidate Restoration Sites Utilized 2008 Central Reserve Cactus Wren Habitat Assessment and Survey (NROC & Leatherman) For severely burned polygons: Within 1000 m of 2008 cactus wren location Within 200 m of cactus patch that was not severely burned
6 Ground Surveys of Candidate Polygons Would the patch make a significant contribution to cactus in the vicinity (not too much or too little)? Was there enough space between shrubs for a cactus patch? What was the extent of weeds? Updated (2009) presence of Cactus Wren within 1 km Location of rare or sensitive species
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9 Design of Restored Cactus Patch 40 patches 15 m diameter patch ~2 pads/m 2 (350 pads/patch, 15,000 pads total) four, 3 yr old prickly pear transplants/patch (160 total) two, 7mo Mexican elderberry transplants/patch (80 total)
10 Basic design with Pots (21)
11 Basic design-no Pots (6) 15m
12 Potted only 40 (2 sites)
13 Half site double density (11)
14 Double sites (4) (included transplants) ~30 m
15 Cactus planting-nov & Dec 2009
16 Branch and Potted Transplant Additions
17 Planting Potted Transplants
18 Planted Mega Site
19 Elderberry planting 2 trees/site 9 mo old transplant Tree tube
20 1-2 times per year based on weed growth Maintenance late winter-early spring 2010, 2011 Round Canyon Feb 2010
21 Short term: Monitoring Survival, Growth (new joints per pad) and Health for each transplant type; May 2010 Long term (Years 2, 5, &10): plant cover (permanent, 25m point intercept transects); May 2011 Surveys for Cactus Wren territories at sites and in the vicinity; May 2011 Growth rate and site preferences by Cactus Wren across sites differing in size, planting density, and transplant types
22 Survivorship Survivorship of Single Wild Pads Among Sites Limestone Orchard Round Canyon Shoestring Siphon Site Based on 20 randomly selected individual pads
23 Limestone Orchard Round Canyon Shoestring Siphon Limestone Orchard Round Canyon Shoestring Siphon Mean # New Pads Mean Number of New Pads per Wildland Pad by Growth Class New Pads <10cm New Pads >10cm More variable across sites than survivorship (initial weed cover?)
24 Siphon Apr 2011
25 Survivorship Survivorship by Transplant Type Branch Potted Pads Single Potted Pads Single Wild Pads Whole Potted Transplants Transplant Type
26 Health Index Health by Transplant Type Branch Potted Pads Single Potted Pads Single Wild Pads Whole Potted Transplants Transplant Type Health color scale majority pad; 0=brown, 1=yellow; 2=yellow & green; 3=green
27 Mean Number New Pads/Pad Mean Number New Pads/Pad > 10 cm < 10 cm Branch Potted Pads Single Potted Pads Single Wild Pads Whole Potted Transplants Transplant Type
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29 Survivorship Elderberry Survivorship Limestone Orchard Round Shoestring Siphon Site
30 Cactus Wren Surveys in Vicinity of Restoration Patches Spring 2009 & 2011
31 USE OF ARTIFICIAL NEST STRUCTURES TO FACILITATE CACTUS WREN NESTING
32 Hypothetical minimal time for planted cactus pads to reach nesting height: Years cm 88 cm 76 cm 62 cm Reality may be twice that long! cm 36 cm 24 cm
33 Justification Nest structures may encourage nesting in marginal cactus scrub where nest sites are limited Nest structures could provide nest sites at restorations / during post-fire recovery
34 ARTIFICIAL NEST STRUCTURES Installed 15 artificial structures in NCCP All min. 1.5m highin occupied habitat V-shaped structures inserted for nest support Perching, but no nesting
35 ARTIFICIAL NEST STRUCTURES
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37 8 Two metal pipes screwed together back 3
38 back
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40 Photo: Robb Hamilton
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44 NEXT STEPS
45 Acknowledgments California Department of Fish and Game Local Area Assistance Grants and the Donald Bren Foundation for funding Tom Williams & Laguna Hills High School Carpentry class for nest box construction Quinn Sorenson, Susie Anon, Isaac Oliva, Alyssa Penacho, Dusty Swenson, IRC volunteers, Orange Coast College Environmental Studies, Sage Hill Service Learning,for hours of dedication to project implementation.
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