Fuel Supply Chain in Quebec. Luc Desrochers, Ing.f. Thunder Bay, March 8 th, 2016

Transcription

1 Fuel Supply Chain in Quebec Luc Desrochers, Ing.f. Thunder Bay, March 8 th, 2016

2 Quebec politics to develop forest biomass value (2009) Key objectives of the action plan: Make forest biomass available from public forests Encourage the replacement of fossil fuels Support investment Support innovation Stimulate demand for forest biomass Developing the value of forest biomass an action Plan. MRNFQ, Direction du développement de l industrie des produits forestiers.

3 Quebec politics to develop forest biomass value Forest biomass allocation program Climate Change Action Plan (CCAP) Program to replace fossil fuel CCAP : 10,0 M$ CCAP : 47,2 M$

4 Forest Biomass Allocation Program from Crown land - Agreements in effect (July 25 th, 2012) Administrative Region Merchant volume (gmt/yr) Non merchant volume (gmt/yr) Total (gmt/yr) Bas-Saint-Laurent 5,072 36,028 41,100 Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean 0 210, ,250 Capital-Nationale - Chaudière-Appalaches 1,500 15,100 16,600 Mauricie - Centre du Québec 16, , ,600 Estrie - Montréal - Laval - Lanaudière Laurentides 40, , ,000 Outaouais 23, , ,200 Abitibi Témiscamingue 9, , ,438 Nord-du-Québec 0 40,848 40, 848 Total 97, , ,036 4 Colloque SCF-CFL, 26 janvier 2012

5 Forest Biomass Allocation Program - Agreements with Forest Cooperatives (2012) Volume (gmt/year) Name of recipient Merchant Top & limbs Total Coopérative forestière de la Matépédia Coopérative pour la valorisation de la biomasse (CF Girardville, Petit Paris et autres partenaires) Coopératives forestière de Laterrière et de Sainte- Rose Coopératice forestière Ferland-Boilleau Coopérative foretière de Laterrière Coopérative Gestion forestière des Apppalaches Énergie Mitis inc Coopérative forestière du Haut Saint-Maurice Coopérative forestière de la Petite Nation Coopérative agro-forestière Kinijévis-Abijévis CanBio Conference, Sept 5, 2012

6 Exemples of heating projects with forest biomass Réseau de chaleur de Chicoutimi Hôpital de Mont- Joly Cégep de Matane Hôpital de La Sarre Réseau de chaleur de Rouyn- Noranda Réseau de chaleur à Baie St-Paul Centre communautaire d Amqui Hôpital de Maria Hôpital de Montmagny 6 CanBio Conference, Sept 5, 2012

7 Forest Cooperative forest biomass heating projects (2015) Forest cooperative Facility/project name Capacity (kw thermal) Manufacturer Installation year Feedstock Type CF St-Dominique Hecla Québec (4 MW) 8 x 500 kw Säätötuli wood chips CF Petit Paris Saint-Ludger-de-Milot Network?? 2011 wood chips CF Petit Paris Serres Belle-de-jour 3000 Uniconfort 2014 wood chips CF Matapedia Network of 5 municipal buildings Idéal combustion Causapscal (7 bâtiments) 2012 wood chips CF Matapedia SEREX New Holland Forest Product 100 KWB Transformation Research Lab 2015 wood chips CF Matapedia CSSS Amqui 500 & 800 kw Idéal combustion 2008 wood chips CF Matapedia CSSS Mont-Joli 2000 Combustion Expert 2012 wood chips CF Matapedia Réseau Sayabec (3 bâtiments) 500 Idéal combustion 2013 wood chips Groupe Forestra CSSS Jonquière?? 2012 wood chips Groupe Forestra Fromagerie Boivin 6000 Ducova 2012 wood chips CF Ferland-Boilleau Fromagerie Boivin 6000 Ducova 2012 wood chips CGFA CSSS Montmagny 3000 Idéal combustion 2015 wood chips CGFA Serres Demers 4000 Techniflamme 2015 wood chips CF Petite Nation CSSS Rivière-Rouge 3000 Combustion Expert 2015 wood chips CF Petite Nation Serres Ziromski?? 2015 wood chips ACF St-Elzéar CSSS Maria 3000 Compte Fournier 2013 wood chips ACF St-Elzéar Serres Jardins Nature? Transfab 2013 wood chips 7

8 Feedstock characteristics to address Moisture White wood / bark content Species Particle size distribution Contamination (sand, grit) Ash content Increased specifications increase cost!

9 Characteristics of feedstock required Large boilers can handle a variety of biomass feedstock and moisture content Small boilers are more sensitive to feedstock quality

10 Quality of forest biomass Quality requirement Boiler size

11 Institutional boiler Quality issues Moisture content of 35 % or less Uniform chips size (3 mm > 90 % < 100 mm) Uniform species mix (uniform wood density) 11 CanBio Conference, Sept 5, 2012

12 Harvesting methods in Quebec Harvesting methods used on public land Methods (%) (%) Full-tree to roadside (FT) Tree length (TL) 6 7 Cut-to-length (CTL) Total Mechanical Manual 4 3

13 Handling and shipping of forest biomass Stroke Delimber / Processor Full-tree system (FT) Delimber-debarker-chipper (DDC) Full-tree system (FT) Cut-to-length systems (CTL) - harvesters -

14 Roadside residues High level of contamination High moisture content (softwood residues) 14

15 Biomass chain supply from roadside residues Pre-piling of residues to optimize the use of the grinder Use of large horizontal grinder (wheels or track) Production of lower quality chips 15

16 How much does it cost? Eastern Canada example, residues from roadside stroke-delimber Pre-piling Comminution $70.00 $60.00 $6.30 $50.00 $40.00 $25.60 $30.00 $20.00 $10.00 $21.58 Transport: km one-way, live-floor chip van Other: - roads, supervision, overhead, maintenance, compliance, stumpage $0.00 $8.48 $/ODt

17 Roadside residues Acadian Timber experience Integration of skidding and delimbing phases Piling residues with the delimber Returning softwood residues to the cutover Residues seasoning at roadside Comminuting residues with large chippers Direct delivery to cogeneration facilities 18

18 How much does it cost? Acadian Timber, hardwood residues from roadside stroke-delimber Pre-piling Comminution $60.00 $50.00 $5.00 $40.00 $15.45 $30.00 $20.00 $10.00 $20.67 Transport: km one-way, live-floor chip van Other: - roads, supervision, overhead, maintenance, compliance, stumpage $8.48 $0.00 $/ODt

19 Cut-to-length operations The Matapedia experience Gathering and positioning the residues Forwarding to roadside Seasoning at roadside for 2 years Comminuting residues with a chipper Delivery to a storage area 20

20 Cut-to-length operations $80.00 Pre-piling Forwarding $70.00 $11,70 $60.00 $8.30 $50.00 Comminution Transport (40 km) $40.00 $25.48 $30.00 $20.00 $10.00 $0.00 $20.46 $8.48 $/Odt Other: - roads, supervision, overhead, maintenance, compliance, stumpage y

21 Supply chain for community project Challenges of small(er) scale supply chains Quality of chips Moisture content Particle size distribution Supply flow and storage management 22

22 Storage for a year long supply Monthly consumption 35% MC) gmt in inventory 23

23 Development of new strategies Storage of forest biomass in round wood Outside storage Better wood conservation Chipping just in time Better use of shelters Better chip quality 24

24 Biomass supply in a CTL operation processing of tops Processing tops into sticks Forwarding to roadside Transportation to the mill yard Storing in the mill yard Chipping when needed 25

25 Hauling sticks of fix length 2.44 m (8 ) sticks Mix of 2.44 m 3.66 m sticks 26

26 Cost comparaison with chipping tops at roadside ($/Odt) Assembling/processing tops by the harvester Tops Sticks (anticipated) Forwarding Road Transport (40 km) (19.04) Chipping (18.77) Other Total $76.35 $71.24 Storing $ -? Delivery $ $

27 Processing of tops Benefits Reduced forwarding cost Transportation with regular log truck + same schedule Reduced chipping cost Reduced storing cost Leave nutrients in the cutover Drawbacks Affect more the harvester productivity (cost) Less biomass harvested Required large yard area (storing area) 28

28 Final user Transfert yard or conditionning cntre Roadside or central landing operation Cutting area Supply chain model for forest origin biomass flow chart Biomass from a merchantable forest stand Biomass supply flow Full-tree harvesting systems 158 reports Shortwood and cut-to-length harvesting systrems 365 studies Harvesting site Cut bloc - wood harvested 159 Cut bloc - wood harvested 187 Processing of merchantable wood Delimbing and topping of merchantable tree Gathering Gathering Processing Gathering Gathering Wood processing at the stump Drying 0 Drying 0 Drying 0 Drying 1 Chipping/bundling at the stump Chipping 9 Bundling/compacting 35 Primary transport (off road) Skidding and forwarding of merchantable trees Forwarding 17 Forwarding 9 Forwarding 9 Forwarding 14 Forwarding 22 Roadside 49 Roadside Roadside Roadside Roadside Roadside Processing of merchantable wood Ébranchage-écimage des bois marchands Piling at road side Pre-pilling 0 Pre-pilling 25 Drying / tarping 0 Transit transport Drying / tarping Drying / tarping Drying 5 Drying / tarping 0 Drying / tarping Roadside operations Bundling/compacting 2 Grinding/Chipping 23 Chipping 49 Bundling/compacting 14 Handling 0 Transit transport 6 Empilement 9 Transit transport Drying / tarping Handling 0 8 Drying / tarping 2 6 Screening 0 Secondary transport (forest/public road) Loading and trucking (bulk/trees-length/compacted) 2 Trucking (comminuted biomass) 21 Trucking (comminuted biomass) 6 Loading and trucking (bulk/sticks/compacted) 16 Satellite / mill yard Mill yard or conditionning centre 1 Conditionning and storing area 0 Mill yard or conditionning centre Handling Handling 0 Handling 4 Storing/tarping Grinding/Chipping 0 Storing 0 Drying / tarping 1 1 Grinding/Chipping 25 Screening 0 Screening 0 Screening 0 Handling Storing Handling 0 Handling 0 Handling 0 0 Storing 0 Storing 0 0 Handling 0 Handling 0 Tertiary transport (delivery) Trucking/loading/convaying 0 Delivering (tranportation) 0 Trucking/loading/convaying 0 Wood chip reception area Mill - Biomass reception area Handling-empilement 0 Storing 0 Handling 0 Final use 0 Final utilization Color codes Biomass location (untransformed and transformed, i.e. comminuted) Processing of merchantable wood Biomass handling generating cost. Include: gathering, processing, piling and loading. Drying biomass in open air (cost free) or under trap (cost involved). Implies a time period. Storage in open air or under cover. Transport of biomass Biomass transformation - chipping or grinding Bundling or compacting of biomass Screening and any other biomass conditionning treatment generating a cost 29

29 Biomass harvest in a partial cut operation Tree-length system modified to bring biomass to roadside

30 Biomass recuperation in commercial thinning operation 31

31 Biomass recuperation in a burned site rehabilitation 32

32 Biomass recuperation in a stand conversion 33

33 Biomass recuperation in a small wood thinning operation

34 Storage and drying trials in Quebec 35

35 Storage and drying trials in NS 36

36 Chipping trials with forest cooperatives Vermeer 6000 Kesla 4560C 37

37 FPInterface TM Integrated platform for supply chain analysis

38 Functionalities of the Biomass Application System selection Cost estimation Biomass flow management Carbon ratio Slide 39

39 General operational considerations Long term planning Integration Adjust to your biomass sources Look at all the supply chain steps Manage moisture content and contaminants Proper sizing of the supply chain & the demand (client) Minimize handling 40

40 General operational considerations Selection and adaptation of existing technology Use proven technology, avoid to sophisticated and unproven technologies Machines must have full loads & be efficient Avoid too complex supply chains (many steps) Supply chains are usually more complex than anticipated 41

41 Luc Desrochers, ing.f. Researcher, Bioenergy Tel.: (514) Follow us on