Agroforestry in the Northeast

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1 Agroforestry in the Northeast Connor Stedman NOFA Summer Conference 2012 (Thanks to Eric Toensmeier for photos and support.)

2 Agroforestry: mulalayer agriculture with trees

3 Agroforestry: Tradi3onal Ecological Knowledge 3

4 Tropical Agroforestry

5 4

6 5

7 Indigenous Forest Management in North America 7

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11 Tradi3onal Tree Crops of Eurasia 11

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14 14

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16 Func3ons of Agroforestry Overyielding Polycultures Perennial Staple Crops Carbon Sequestra3on Erosion Control & Soil Fer3lity Renewal Sustainable, Local, Carbon- Neutral Fuel Habitat Regenera3on Produc3ve Use of Marginal/Degraded Land Enhancement of Exis3ng Farm Systems = BIOREGION REPAIR

17 Func3ons of Agroforestry Overyielding Polycultures Perennial Staple Crops Carbon Sequestra3on Erosion Control & Soil Fer3lity Renewal Sustainable, Local, Carbon- Neutral Fuel Habitat Regenera3on Produc3ve Use of Marginal/Degraded Land Enhancement of Exis3ng Farm Systems = BIOREGION REPAIR

18 Func3ons of Agroforestry Overyielding Polycultures Perennial Staple Crops Carbon Sequestra3on Erosion Control & Soil Fer3lity Renewal Sustainable, Local, Carbon- Neutral Fuel Habitat Regenera3on Produc3ve Use of Marginal/Degraded Land Enhancement of Exis3ng Farm Systems = BIOREGION REPAIR

19 Func3ons of Agroforestry Overyielding Polycultures Perennial Staple Crops Carbon Sequestra3on Erosion Control & Soil Fer3lity Renewal Sustainable, Local, Carbon- Neutral Fuel Habitat Regenera3on Produc3ve Use of Marginal/Degraded Land Enhancement of Exis3ng Farm Systems = BIOREGION REPAIR

20 Func3ons of Agroforestry Overyielding Polycultures Perennial Staple Crops Carbon Sequestra3on Erosion Control & Soil Fer3lity Renewal Sustainable, Local, Carbon- Neutral Fuel Habitat Regenera3on Produc3ve Use of Marginal/Degraded Land Enhancement of Exis3ng Farm Systems = BIOREGION REPAIR

21 Func3ons of Agroforestry Overyielding Polycultures Perennial Staple Crops Carbon Sequestra3on Erosion Control & Soil Fer3lity Renewal Sustainable, Local, Carbon- Neutral Fuel Habitat Regenera3on Produc3ve Use of Marginal/Degraded Land Enhancement of Exis3ng Farm Systems = BIOREGION REPAIR

22 Func3ons of Agroforestry Overyielding Polycultures Perennial Staple Crops Carbon Sequestra3on Erosion Control & Soil Fer3lity Renewal Sustainable, Local, Carbon- Neutral Fuel Habitat Regenera3on Produc3ve Use of Marginal/Degraded Land Enhancement of Exis3ng Farm Systems = BIOREGION REPAIR

23 Func3ons of Agroforestry Overyielding Polycultures Perennial Staple Crops Carbon Sequestra3on Erosion Control & Soil Fer3lity Renewal Sustainable, Local, Carbon- Neutral Fuel Habitat Regenera3on Produc3ve Use of Marginal/Degraded Land Enhancement of Exis3ng Farm Systems = BIOREGION REPAIR

24 Func3ons of Agroforestry Overyielding Polycultures Perennial Staple Crops Carbon Sequestra3on Erosion Control & Soil Fer3lity Renewal Sustainable, Local, Carbon- Neutral Fuel Habitat Regenera3on Produc3ve Use of Marginal/Degraded Land Enhancement of Exis3ng Farm Systems = BIOREGION REPAIR

25 Func3ons of Agroforestry Overyielding Polycultures Perennial Staple Crops Carbon Sequestra3on Erosion Control & Soil Fer3lity Renewal Sustainable, Local, Carbon- Neutral Fuel Habitat Regenera3on Produc3ve Use of Marginal/Degraded Land Enhancement of Exis3ng Farm Systems REGENERATIVE AGRICULTURE

26 Home- Scale Edible Forest Gardens

27 Produc3on- scale Agroforestry Systems Alley Cropping Forest Farming Silvopasture

28 Alley Cropping 28

29 29

30 30

31 31

32 32

33 33

34 Forest Farming 34

35 35

36 36

37 37

38 38

39 Silvopasture 39

40 40

41 41

42 42

43 Enhancing Farm Systems with Tree Crops Windbreaks Riparian Buffers Hedgerows

44 Designing Agroforestry Enterprises: Budgets

45 Enterprise Budget: 1 Crop 45

46

47 Designing Agroforestry Enterprises: Crops

48 Top AF Crops: Small Fruits Currants & Gooseberries (Ribes spp.) Raspberries & Blackberries (Rubus spp.) Goumi (Eleagnus mulaflora)

49 Top AF Crops: Mid- Sized Fruits Juneberries (Amalanchier spp.) Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) Seaberry (Hippophae rhamnoides)

50 Top AF Crops: Orchard Fruits Pear (Pyrus spp.) Persimmon (Diospyrus spp.) Plum (Prunus spp.)

51 Top AF Crops: Nut Trees Hazel/Filbert (Corylus spp.) Chestnut (Castenaea spp.) Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)

52 Top AF Crops: Timber/Coppice Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) Mulberry (Morus spp.)

53 Top AF Crops: Sun Understory Strawberries Asparagus Tea Plants Cut Flowers Grass/legume Pasture

54 Top AF Crops: Shade Understory Ginseng/Goldenseal Ramps Shiitake

55 Some Helpful Tips. 55

56 Some Helpful Tips. Use a lot of nitrogen fixers. 56

57 Some Helpful Tips. Use a lot of nitrogen fixers. Obtain a yield from support plants. 57

58 Some Helpful Tips. Use a lot of nitrogen fixers. Obtain a yield from support plants. Keep produc3on- scale polycultures simple. 58

59 Some Helpful Tips. Use a lot of nitrogen fixers. Obtain a yield from support plants. Keep produc3on- scale polycultures simple. Sun/shade changes over 3me - plan for and use this. 59

60 Some Helpful Tips. Use a lot of nitrogen fixers. Obtain a yield from support plants. Keep produc3on- scale polycultures simple. Sun/shade changes over 3me - plan for and use this. Livestock components need to be carefully designed. 60

61 Resources LOTS of web resources, especially for silvopasture, forest farming, and farm enhancements. University of Missouri - Center for Agroforestry Cornell University - How, Where, Why of Forest Farming 61

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