Natural Ventilative Cooling - Automated window ventilation. Heinz Hackl VELUX Österreich GmbH
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1 Natural Ventilative Cooling - Automated window ventilation Heinz Hackl VELUX Österreich GmbH
2 Agenda Experience in practice: examples Control systems: high tech low tech right tech? Components/Configuration of a NVC system MATERIALIEN Extension to need based window ventilation Maintenance Questions/discussion
3 Principles of natural ventilation Single-sided ventilation Cross-ventilation Stack effect
4 Realised projects
5 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Home for Life, Dk Residential Home; new built Foto: Adam MØrk Mechanical Ventilation + NVC
6 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Home for Life, Dk Foto: Adam MØrk
7 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Green Lighthouse, Dk Office Building; new built Fotos: Adam MØrk Mechanical Ventilation + NVC Foto: Adam MØrk
8 VELUX ModelHome 2020 LichtAktivhaus, D Katharina Fey, TU Darmstadt Residential Home; renovation Fotos: Adam MØrk Need based windo ventilation + NVC
9 VELUX ModelHome 2020 LichtAktivhaus, D Katharina Fey, TU Darmstadt Fotos: Adam MØrk
10 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Carbon Light Home, GB Residential Home; new built Fotos: Adam MØrk Mechanical Ventilation + NVC
11 Active House in Russia Residential Home; new built Mechanical Ventilation + NVC Fotos: Adam MØrk Foto: Adam MØrk
12 Active House in Russia Fotos: Adam MØrk Foto: Adam MØrk
13 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Sunlighthouse Automatically controlled windows: Positive experience High sophisticated control system Simplification possible? Foto: Adam MØrk Foto: Adam MØrk
14 Project: Zu-Haus, Auersthal, Lower Austria Need based window ventilation + Natural Ventilative Cooling martin ruehrnschopf architecture Ventilation concept
15 Project: Zu-Haus, Auersthal, Lower Austria Inlet air picture: Jörg Seiler
16 Project: Zu-Haus, Auersthal, Lower Austria Exhaust air Inlet air picture: Jörg Seiler
17 Project: Zu-Haus, Auersthal, Lower Austria picture: Jörg Seiler
18 Project: Zu-Haus, Auersthal, Lower Austria Inlet air picture: Jörg Seiler
19 Project: Zu-Haus, Auersthal, Lower Austria picture: Jörg Seiler
20 Project: Zu-Haus, Auersthal, Lower Austria Exhaust air picture: Jörg Seiler
21 Effect of Natural Ventilative Cooling - Monitoring results
22 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Maison Air et Lumiere picture: Adam MØrk picture: Adam MØrk
23 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Maison Air et Lumiere picture: Adam MØrk
24 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Maison Air et Lumiere picture: Adam MØ rk
25 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Maison Air et Lumiere picture: Adam MØrk
26 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Maison Air et Lumiere
27 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Maison Air et Lumiere Evaluation of NVC Windows closed windows opened + inner doors opened source: Bruno Peuportier (ARMINES), Karsten Duer, Christoffer Plesner & Nicolas Dupin
28 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Maison Air et Lumiere Evaluation of NVC windows closed windows opened Cooling effect of ~ 5 K during one night = 5 x as efficient as french norm for calculation Quelle: Bruno Peuportier (ARMINES), Karsten Duer, Christoffer Plesner & Nicolas Dupin
29 VELUX ModelHome 2020 Maison Air et Lumiere Simulated and measured air exchange rate (per hour!) of NVC source: Bruno Peuportier (ARMINES), Karsten Duer, Christoffer Plesner & Nicolas Dupin
30 Project: Zu-Haus, Auersthal Monitoring: 1 year + 1 summer Quantitative monitoring: CO2-concentration humidity room temperature IBO IBO Innenraumanalytik OG Qualitative monitoring: user satisfaction (daily) intervention by remote control? If yes: why?...and when? possible effects on health and wellbeing
31 Projekt: Zu-Haus, Auersthal Quantitative monitoring summer 2014 IBO Innenraumanalytik OG Manually use automation timer controlled source: IBO; Mag. (FH) Rudolf Bintinger
32 Project: Zu-Haus, Auersthal Qualitative monitoring summer 2014 picture: Bettina Dürrheim Döllinger family: hot 0 days - warm 2 days Neutral/convenient 4 days chilly 7 days cold 4 days Therefrom 1 day cool in the evening - Therefrom 6 days system off Therefrom 3 days system off Questionnaire july 29th august 31st 9 Tage system switched off because too cool Other days: family not at home
33 Projekt: Zu-Haus, Auersthal Qualitative monitoring 2014 Foto: Bettina Dürrheim Hans Döllinger:..if you come home after longer absence you quickly achieve good indoor air quality..rooms cool down quickly though the nights had been relatively hot. We always had a good night`s sleep. Especially our daughter found temperatures during the night even too chilly.we never kept the windows open for the whole night but always closed via remote control
34 Projekt: Zu-Haus, Auersthal Quantitatives Monitoring Sommer 2015 Quelle: IBO; Mag. (FH) Rudolf Bintinger
35 Projekt: Zu-Haus, Auersthal Quantitative monitoring summer 2015 Monitoring: summary of IBO Very hot week; max. outdoor temperatures 36 C 37 C Decrease of temperature during the night C (reference weather station Gänserndorf) Indoor temperatures Ground floor and 1st floor: 23,5 C - 30 C Top attic: 25,0 C - 32,5 C remark: all statements refer to hourly average temperatures Average temperature reduction due to NVC per night Ground floor and 1st floor: ~ 3-4 C Top attic: ~ 5 C The higher the decrease of outdoor temperature during the night the more efficient the night cooling source: IBO; Mag. (FH) Rudolf Bintinger
36 Projekt: Zu-Haus, Auersthal Qualitatives Monitoring Sommer 2015 Hans Döllinger: this summer created extremely high temperatures and created a new challenge for our house: due to our discipline to keep windows and doors closed during the day and due to the Ventilative Cooling system we were able to achieve a resonable indoor temperature. Of course the house heated up during the day but it was never unconvenient; we always had the feeling to enter a cool house. In the evening (around 10 pm) the NVC system activated and cooled the house down to outdoor temperature. All in all we had been very satisfied.
37 Components for a NVC System
38 Motors for inlet air for vertical windows In general: 24 V-motors for bottom hung or side hung windows suitable for wooden windows, plastic windows, aluminium windows. Motor small : opening width max. 150 mm wide windows: 2 motors synchronous Motor large opening width up to 500 mm wide windows: 2 motors synchronous
39 Motors for inlet air for vertical windows
40 Power Supply System For max. 2 motors
41 Windows for exhaust air in the roof Solution for the sloped roof VELUX INTEGRA Integrated 24 V-motor wireless Motor + control system integrated Incl. rain sensor
42 Windows for exhaust air in the roof Solution for the flat roof Flat roof window Integrated 24 V-motor wireless Motor + control system integrated Incl. rain sensor
43 Windows for exhaust air in the roof Solution for the flat roof Modular Skylight Integrated 24 V-Motor wireless for free system available Optional: Central rain sensor
44 Configuration for a NVC system
45 Configuration/system control Natural Ventilative Cooling Timer controlled Exhaust air Roof windows with integrated motor and rain sensor Inlet air Motors for vertical windows Power supply Remote control including timer + manually operation summer: Windows open at 10 pm Windows close at 8 am
46 Sensor controlled Outdoor temperature Commercially available outdoor temperature sensors = standard components
47 Interface Translates values of a sensor to the control system 1 Interface for max. 5 areas
48 Configuration/system control Natural Ventilative Cooling Temperature controlled Exhaust air Roof windows with integrated motors and rain sensors Inlet air Motors for vertical windows Power supply Interface Remote control (for manual intervention) Outdoor Temperature sensor summer: Windows open at 26 C and close at 21 C
49 Upgrading to a need based ventilation system
50 Sensors CO2-sensor Commercially available CO2-Sensors = standard components Ideally with on/off-switch
51 Interface Translates values of a sensor to the remote control 1 Interface for max. 5 areas
52 Configuration/system control Need based window ventilation Exhaust air Roof windows with integrated motors and rain sensors Inlet air Motors for vertical windows Power supply Interface CO2-Sensor Remote control (for manual intervention) Option: on/off switch Winter and transition periode: Windows open at ppm
53 Maintenance of NVC system
54 Maintenance there is absolutely no maintanance = all components are maintanance free
55 More projects
56 Haus T, Herzogenburg, Lower Austria Hybrid Ventilation = mechanical ventilation system + Natural Ventilative Cooling Chalabi Architekten & Partner
57 Haus T, Herzogenburg Chalabi Architekten & Partner Inlet air
58 Haus T, Herzogenburg Exhaust air
59 Haus T, Herzogenburg areas 1. livine/cooking/eating/ working/entrance CO2 2. nursery 1 - CO2 3. nursery 2 - CO2 4. Yoga remote control 5. bedroom - CO2 6. bathroom remote control
60 Haus T, Herzogenburg
61 Haus T, Herzogenburg
62 Haus T, Herzogenburg
63 Haus T, Herzogenburg
64 Haus T, Herzogenburg Monitoring Quantitative monitoring: Start in 2017 Donau Universität Krems Department für Bauen und Umwelt CO2-concentration Humidity Room temperature Comparison: open windows vs. closed windows Comparison: Automatically controlled vs. human handling Qualitative monitoring Experiece in 2015 and Even in summer 2015 we had convenient temperatures in the house. For my feeling it was sometimes even too chilly; then I closed the windows via remote control. There was a problem with the home automation: the heating system switched on due to room temperatures below the set point of 22 C.
65 House at the mountain, Vorarlberg
66 House at the mountain, Vorarlberg Ventilation concept Automated window ventilation 5 areas master bedroom nursery 1 nursery 2 living/eating/kitchen gallery Via remote control bathroom
67 House at the mountain, Vorarlberg
68 House at the mountain, Vorarlberg
69 House at the mountain, Vorarlberg
70 Projekt: Zu-Haus, Auersthal Qualitatives Monitoring Sommer 2015 Elmar Fink, owner and master carpenter: The system works fine right from the beginning. When we moved into the house it was unusual that windows open automatically during the night but we got used to it and definitely do not want to miss it. The NVC system secures convenient temperatures, even in the extremely hot summer of 2015.
71 Natural Ventilative Cooling Conclusion Natural Ventilative Cooling works In simulation as well as in practice Also controlled as low-tech system Even when outdoor temperature exceeds 35 C: permanent cooling below 27 C possible Cooling of some 5 K during night realistic Extremely efficient for summer indoor comfort Saves huge amount of cooling energy Window positioning extremely important (integral planning) BUT Not the answer for any situation Not considered in norms/software tools accordingly Not yet well known
72 Thank you for your attention!
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