NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24:

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1 NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24: THE CHANGES, THE COST, AND THE NEW TCAC REQUIREMENTS Moderator: David Mogavero, President, Mogavero Notestine Associates Panel: Sophia Hartkopf, TRC Energy Services Dave Hegarty, President, Duct Testers Nehemiah Stone, Principal, The Benningfield Group Felix AuYeung, EAH Housing

2 2013 Energy Standards Update TITLE 24 Housing California April 16, 2014

3 2 Introductions TRC Energy Services Consulting on energy efficiency for buildings Program Implementation Codes & Standards Emerging Technologies Evaluation Expertise in multifamily energy efficiency program implementation throughout the United States

3 2013 Code Update General trends & highlights: Envelope only one prescriptive package HVAC airflow efficiency Lighting

4 Code Update General trends & highlights: Envelope only one prescriptive package HVAC airflow efficiency Lighting high efficacy or controls lighting Verification echoes code changes Solar ready new section Water heating solar water heating

4 2013 Code Update General trends & highlights (continued): 2013 Code places a much higher emphasis on energy savings during peak hours Example: 2013 Code TDV multipliers

5 Code Update General trends & highlights (continued): 2013 Code places a much higher emphasis on energy savings during peak hours Example: 2013 Code TDV multipliers have more peaks on cooling. Therefore, investing in an efficient HVAC system that saves electricity during peak cooling hours will greatly improve your building s compliance

6 California Climate Zones 5

7 6 Methods for Compliance There are two pathways for achieving Title 24 Compliance: Prescriptive A single package ( Package A ) that you follow exactly to meet the Code energy use baseline. This is the prototype Code building. Mandatory minimum requirements + OR Performance Allows tradeoffs from the Prescriptive package you make one thing worse*, so you make another thing better provided that your building s energy use is less than or equal to the Prescriptive package. *You can never go worse than the mandatory minimum

8 Source: 7

8 Envelope Low Rise Increased wall, raised floor, and ceiling insulation Vapor barriers now required in unvented crawlspaces and some climate zones Better windows required Maximum

9 8 Envelope Low Rise Increased wall, raised floor, and ceiling insulation Vapor barriers now required in unvented crawlspaces and some climate zones Better windows required Maximum U-Factor = 0.58; can be averaged High Rise Better windows required (same as above) Air leakage requirements do not apply to field fabricated windows or exterior doors M A N D A T O R Y

10 9 HVAC Low Rise: Duct sealing required (< 6% leakage) Filter requirements for supply ducts 10 ft HVAC Indoor heating design temp reduced from 70 F to 68 F Pipe insulation thickness increased High Rise: Higher efficiency requirements M A N D A T O R Y

11 10 Domestic Hot Water Pipe insulation required all hot water recirculation and distribution pipes all in-unit pipes D> ¾ in. M A N D A T O R Y

from exhaust fans High Rise Areas > 100 ft 2 need to be dimmable or have control steps Allows for daylighting

12 11 Lighting *High efficiency lighting is required *Large & common spaces must have controls Low Rise High efficacy OR dimmer/vacancy sensors in all spaces Kitchens must have > 50% high efficacy Lights switch separately from exhaust fans High Rise Areas > 100 ft 2 need to be dimmable or have control steps Allows for daylighting and demand response in common spaces Occupancy sensors reduce power by 50% in corridors and stairwells M A N D A T O R Y

12 Verification + Testing *New mandatory HERS measures Low Rise Refrigerant charge testing New tests for duct design, fan power, airflow, whole-building ventilation, verify SEER

13 12 Verification + Testing *New mandatory HERS measures Low Rise Refrigerant charge testing New tests for duct design, fan power, airflow, whole-building ventilation, verify SEER Ratings High Rise Window films, dynamic glazing Economizer, FDD for DX units, supply air and condenser water temperature controls Lighting control installation M A N D A T O R Y

13 Solar New Chapter in Title 24 Solar Ready ~ no installation required! Mandatory requirements with some exemptions Three main components 1. Solar zone designation 2.

14 13 Solar New Chapter in Title 24 Solar Ready ~ no installation required! Mandatory requirements with some exemptions Three main components 1. Solar zone designation 2. Pathway designation 3. Documentations to occupant Solar PV: compliance credit not available for MF bldg; for Single-family homes in certain climate zones only Solar Water Heating M A N D A T O R Y

15 14 Exceeding the Code Example Garden Style Apartment Building Individual Water Heating Building Location Energy Efficiency Measures Envelope HVAC DHW Other Compliance % (2013) San Jose (CZ 4) 2013 Prescriptive Plus: R-38 Ceiling Insulation Refrigerant Charge (HERS) 80% AFUE Tankless.82 EF All Pipe Insulated HERS R-8 Duct insulation San Francisco (CZ 3) 2013 Prescriptive Plus: QII Refrigeran Charge (HERS) 80% AFUE Tankless.82 EF All Pipe Insulated HERS Sacramento (CZ 12) 2013 Prescriptive Plus: QII R-49 Ceiling Insulation Cool Roof, U.31/SHGC.22 Windows 80% AFUE Tankless.62 EF All Pipe Insulated HERS R-8 Duct insulation 39% 42% 20%

16 15 Thank you Sophia Hartkopf TRC Energy Services Phone:

17 NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24: HERS MEASURES WHO? WHAT? WHEN?

NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24: HERS MEASURES HOME ENERGY RATING SYSTEM (HERS) HERS raters

18 NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24: HERS MEASURES HOME ENERGY RATING SYSTEM (HERS) HERS raters perform the field verifications and testing that may be required by the Title 24 compliance documentation. In addition, they verify the system operates as the manufacturer intended and as you expect it to function. Systems such as: Envelope HVAC Water Heating Functioning systems can provide: occupant comfort good indoor air quality Lower utility costs Resulting in lower operating costs for property owners adding equity

19 NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24: HERS MEASURES EXAMPLES OF HERS VERIFIED/TESTED ENERGY MEASURES Typical 2008 Code HERS Measures: Duct sealing/testing; Quality Insulation Installation (QII); Refrigerant Charge; EER verification; Infiltration (Blower Door) testing; Cooling Coil Air Flow Test; Fan Watt Draw; Low Leakage Air Handlers;

NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24: HERS MEASURES EXAMPLES OF HERS VERIFIED/TESTED ENERGY MEASURES 2013 Change: Duct testing/sealing and the Return duct design OR fan power, airflow testing and return grille

20 NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24: HERS MEASURES EXAMPLES OF HERS VERIFIED/TESTED ENERGY MEASURES 2013 Change: Duct testing/sealing and the Return duct design OR fan power, airflow testing and return grille sizing become MANDATORY New 2013 Code HERS Measures: Air Filter Device Design; By-pass duct requirements for HVAC zoning HERS verification requirement for Indoor Air Quality (ASHRAE 62.2) Mechanical Ventilation Pipe insulation an all HW distribution pipes greater than ¾ ; Compact Hot Water distribution; Point of Use systems Central Parallel piping; Recirculation systems using demand controls (manual, sensor) Dual recirculation loop design for DHW in multifamily

21 NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24: HERS MEASURES HERS VERIFICATIONS AND COST EFFECTIVENESS The Process: Trade Contractor installs, verifies and/or tests 100% Upload results to HERS Provider Registry HERS Rater can verify and/or test via Sampling or 100% Upload results to HERS Provider Registry Which method is the most cost effective?

22 NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24: HERS MEASURES DAVE HEGARTY, President DuctTesters. Inc

23 INCREMENTAL COST ESTIMATES: FOR SUSTAINABLE BUILDING MEASURES ENERGY EFFICIENCY LEVELS Benningfield Group Inc. Nehemiah Stone

24 MULTIFAMILY ENERGY COSTS WHY DOES THIS MATTER? Can you really call it Affordable Housing if the occupants cannot afford their utility costs? Tenants, subject to utility price shocks, have no ability to change the building or equipment so energy efficiency is an equity issue. [for low-income households], the likelihood that their energy bills will exceed their means is determined more by the condition of their home than by their income. The Weatherization Leveraging Partnership Project

25 Incremental Costs Over 2008 Title 24 Minimum Requirements Code Min TCAC Min 2 Pts 3 Pts. 5 Pts. Before July 2014 (HP) n.a. $ 2,103 $ 2,482 $ 787 $ 4,112 Before July 2014 (Gas) n.a. $ 1,129 $ 2,085 $ 2,560 $ 2,978 July 2014 (HP or Gas) $4,886 $6,001 $6,983 $9,502 $11, T24 TO 2013-T24 PER-UNIT COSTS This shows the total estimated increase in cost over just meeting the 2008 Standards.

26 What are the incremental costs of meeting TCAC s minimum construction standards or point thresholds, over what Title 24 will require starting July 1, 2014? Note that the minimum construction standards will only be ~7% over 2013 Title 24, instead of 15% over 2008 T24, as it is today. BUT

27 PER-UNIT COST TO EXCEED TITLE 24 Incremental Costs Over T24 Requirements in Effect Min 2 Pts 3 Pts. 5 Pts. Before July 2014 (HP) $ 2,103 $ 2,482 $ 787 $ 4,112 Before July 2014 (Gas) $ 1,129 $ 2,085 $ 2,560 $ 2,978 July 2014 (HP or Gas) $ 1,115 $ 2,097 $ 4,616 $ 6,534 Difference (HP) $ (988) $ (385) $ 3,829 $ 2,422 Difference (Gas) $ (14) $ 12 $ 2,055 $ 3,556 Each of these cost estimates represent the cost over the worst building you can legally build at the time.

28 Did not include the value of utility rebates: energy efficiency or solar. Did not maximize the cost-effective use of solar thermal. Did not include PV. Does not include the value to be recaptured by developers via CUAC. CONSERVATIVE CONTEXT ON COST ESTIMATES

29 Incremental Cost Over T24 Min Requirements 7% (min) 9.5% (2 pts) 12% (3 pts) 17% (5 pts) CZ3 $1,166 $2,663 $6,222 $8,413 CZ8 $528 $1,292 $4,309 $6,312 CZ12 $1,652 $2,337 $3,317 $4,877 Average $1,115 $2,097 $4,616 $6,534 Incremental Cost Over TCAC Min Construction Standards 7% (min) 9.5% THERE (2 pts) ARE 12% DIFFERENCES (3 pts) 17% (5 pts) CZ3 n.a. BY $1,497 CLIMATE ZONE $5,056 $7,247 CZ8 n.a. $764 $3,781 $5,784 CZ12 n.a. $685 $1,665 $3,225 Average n.a. $982 $3,501 $5,419

30 OPTIONS GOING FORWARD Switch from a percent better than Standards (BTS) approach, to a percent of ZNE approach. Asks how much of total energy has to come from off-site sources. Encourages cost-optimization of investments in energy efficiency and renewables. X% better than ZNE code is meaningless, so %BTS will have to be dropped by the point at which Title 24 becomes a ZNE code.

31 More options for renovation projects Workbook being revised for clarity HERCC-based audit and modeling protocols being simplified for TCAC CalGreen code OTHER LIHTC CHANGES

32 because it is always advisable to leave people with a smile 33

33 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION. Nehemiah Stone Principal Benningfield Group Inc. (916)

34 FELIX AUYEUNG

35 COST-BENEFIT ON T-24 UPGRADES HARD COST INCREMENT Zero Marginal Moderate High TITLE 24 BENEFIT None Little Some Jackpot

36 SOLAR ORIENTATION North-South Axis (East-West Windows) East-West Axis (North-South Windows)

37 ROOF COLOR Lighter Color Darker Color

38 ROOF SHEATHING Standard OSB Integral Radiant Barrier

39 ATTIC INSULATION More Less

40 FRAMING 2x4, 16 OC, double top plate 2x6, 24 OC, single top plate

41 EXTERIOR WALL Standard Sheathing under Siding With Rigid Foam Insulation in between

42 WALL INSULATION Batts Blown-In

43 INSULATION INSTALLATION Quality Insulation Installation (QII) Unverified Installation

44 WINDOW SHADING With Awnings or Trees No Shading

45 WINDOW TECHNOLOGY Standard Dual-Pane (U=0.32) Argon Filled & Low-E Coating

46 ENVELOPE FIRST, THEN MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT Having a tighter, better insulated building reduces the need for mechanical conditioning of living space. The more extreme the climate zone, the more value there is to a better building envelope. And then there s hot water

47 HVAC Conventional Air Conditioner coupled with Gas Furnace or Hydronic Heater, Ducted FAU Heat Pump (with Multiple Zones)

48 HOT WATER HEATING Gas Electric Heat Pump Hybrid

49 WATER PRE-HEATING Solar Thermal Pre-Heating No Pre-Heating

50 BIGGEST BANG Individual Hot Water Heaters Central Hot Water System

51 NAVIGATING THE NEW T-24: THE CHANGES, THE COST, AND THE NEW TCAC REQUIREMENTS Moderator: David Mogavero, President, Mogavero Notestine Associates Panel: Sophia Hartkopf, TRC Energy Services Dave Hegarty, President, Duct Testers Nehemiah Stone, Principal, The Benningfield Group Joe Martinez, VP Construction, The Reliant Group

and the new 2013 Title 24 Energy Standards

, and the new 2013 Title 24 Energy Standards Presented by Dave Intner, AIA and KavitaRodrigues, CEPE Southern California Edison October 1 st, 2014 Introduction California Advanced Homes Program CAHP is