ENERGY UPGRADES (Part 1) : Decision Making. Multifamily Building Lifecycle Series

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Rosanna Gilmore
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1 ENERGY UPGRADES (Part 1) : Decision Making Multifamily Building Lifecycle Series

2 Using GoToWebinar Minimize or expand the pane View attendee list Raise your hand Choose audio mode Type Questions Questions will be taken at breaks, in the order received 2

3 New Construction Integrated design New Title 24 Energy Standards Programs and rebates Energy Management Energy management guidelines Benchmarking and utility tracking Multifamily Building Lifecycle Energy Upgrade Implementation HERS assessment Programs and rebates Return on investment Tenant Programs and Education Tenant education SDG&E low income programs Energy Upgrade Approach Trigger points Energy upgrade measures Funding finder tool 3

4 Thank you to our sponsor This webinar series is sponsored by San Diego Gas and Electric through the Local Government Partnership program with the City and County of San Diego. 4

5 Today s Agenda 1. The Decision Making Process 2. Trigger Events 3. Best Approaches to Upgrades 4. Available Rebate Programs 5. Funding Finder Tool 5

6 The Decision Making Process

7 A Systems Approach 7

8 Data Collection - Insulation Data Required Certification or Documentation Unit of Measurement Area for each cardinal direction (NSEW) R-value n/a Square feet (sf, ft 2 ) North American Insulation Manufacturers Association (NAIMA) Hr*ft 2 *F BTU Insulation rating NAIMA R-value inch Attic or Cathedral ceiling configuration? Site inspection n/a 8

9 Upgrade Options Insulation Insulation Type Example Batt Conventional insulation option Blown-in Applied by pressurized hose Drill and Fill Requires no existing insulation Rigid Foam Board An option if re-facing, resurfacing Structurally Insulated Panel (SIP) Prefabricated custom sized walls, shipped with insulation installed primarily new construction 9

10 What s installed - Insulation R-value = 1 / U-value 10

11 Considerations - Insulation Condition of existing insulation Reusable insulation saves cost, but not time Blown-in insulation varies by application Wall insulation is a huge opportunity Wall retrofit (moisture, rodents) No wall insulation > drill and fill 11

12 Data Collection - Roof Data Required Certification or Documentation Unit of Measurement Area n/a Square feet (sf, ft 2 ) Roof top coating Cool Roof Rating Council (CRFC) Loose gravel Top Coat Asphault, etc. Roof slope n/a Degrees, or Rise and Run (ft) 12

13 Upgrade Options Roof Roof Option White EPDM Example Kynar Coating ( Cool Roof ) Light Gravel on Bur Black EPDM Radiant Barrier 13

14 14 What s installed - Roof

15 Considerations - Roof Roof replacement offers great opportunity to address attic/ceiling insulation Cool roof top coat Radiant barrier Ceiling configuration defines complexity of project Slope of roof limits available options Larger contiguous roof area makes attic insulation cheaper to install 15

16 Data Collection - Windows Data Required Area for each cardinal direction (NSEW) Certification or Documentation Unit of Measurement n/a Square feet (sf, ft 2 ) U-value National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) BTU Hr*ft 2 *F Solar Heat Gain Coefficient NFRC Unitless 16

17 Upgrade Options Windows Window Rating Range of options U-value SHGC

18 18 What s installed - Windows

19 Considerations - Windows Noise New windows can drastically reduce ambient noise, providing dual benefit to tenants Aesthetic Windows and paint are the two most important exterior aesthetic improvements to a building But, only windows provide energy savings Moisture Reduced window condensation If ventilation is inadequate, replacement may lead to problems if moisture is trapped within unit 19

20 Data Collection - HVAC Data Required Certification or Documentation Unit of Measurement Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ASHRAE, nameplate data % Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER, EER) AHRI BTU W*hr Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) Nameplate Unit-less Coefficient of Performance Nameplate, similar to HSPF Unit-less 20

21 Upgrade Options Heating Heating Option Efficiency Wall Furnace AFUE 0.7 Central Furnace Old/Poor 0.56 Mid/Standard 0.80 High Efficiency Hydronic Based on hot water heater Standard 0.80 High Efficiency Heat Pump HSPF 8 to 10 21

22 Upgrade Options Cooling Cooling Option Efficiency PTAC, Through Wall AC SEER 8 Central A/C Old/Poor SEER 8 Mid/Standard SEER 10 High Efficiency SEER 14.5 Heat Pump HSPF 8 to 10 22

23 What s installed - HVAC Visit AHRI Directory 23

24 Considerations - HVAC Envelope changes can change heating and cooling load Replace existing unit with another unit Contractors tend to oversize HVAC to avoid complaints Oversizing increases utility bill by reducing the efficiency of the unit Oversized units operate by cycling which leads to inefficiency HVAC is only as efficient as the ducts Sealing ducts is cheaper and potentially more effective than system replacement 24

25 Data Collection - DHW Data Required Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) Certification or Documentation ASHRAE, nameplate data, AHRI Unit of Measurement % Energy Factor (EF) ASTM, nameplate data, AHRI Unit-less Thermal Efficiency ASTM, nameplate data, AHRI % Recovery Efficiency ASTM, nameplate data, AHRI % Standby Loss ASTM, nameplate data, AHRI %/hr Pump Power Nameplate Horsepower (Hp) Pipe Insulation Visual inspection Yes/no and Thickness 25

Upgrade Options DHW DHW System Option Efficiency 26

60 High Efficiency EF 0.8+ Tankless Standard EF 0.

82+ Heat Pump water heater Recirculation Controls Based on

90+ Standard Time Mid - Temperature High Efficiency - Demand

26 Upgrade Options DHW DHW System Option Efficiency 26 Conventional Storage Standard Energy Factor (EF) 0.60 High Efficiency EF 0.8+ Tankless Standard EF 0.70 High Efficiency Heat Pump water heater Recirculation Controls Based on DHW system Standard 0.80 High Efficiency Standard Time Mid - Temperature High Efficiency - Demand Tank Insulation Wrap R-10 Buy it, install it. Solar DHW preheat system Potential for significant DHW load reduction. Not to be confused with Solar PV

27 27 What s installed - DHW

28 Considerations - DHW Individual systems have limited options for upgrade Recirculation controls are cheap and effective Common to run cold water for minutes before hot water arrives at taps? Can be fixed by pump network May be indication of DHW network failure 28

29 Data Collection - Lighting Data Required Certification or Documentation Unit of Measurement Power Rating Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA), printed on bulbs W Occupancy Sensors n/a Quantity Schedule n/a Hours 29

30 Upgrade Options Lighting Lighting Option Efficacy (lm/w) Candle 0.3 Fluorescent T5 70 T8 80 T12 60 CFL Gas Discharge (outdoor) Metal Halide Sodium LED Screw based 60 Recessed Cans 60 Incandescent 100W W

31 What s installed - Lighting Check the maintenance room for replacements 31

32 Considerations - Lighting Schedule of operation Occupancy, vacancy, time clock controls Fixture change-outs provide more efficiency than bulb replacement What is the space used for? Safety Lighting for egress, safety of tenants on the property Disposal or bulb breaks Location and Direction of lights Poorly directed lights add glare Light pollution to surrounding communities 32

33 33 Data Collection - Appliances

34 34 Upgrade Options Appliances

35 35 What s installed - Appliances

36 Considerations - Appliances Who owns the equipment? Tenants, building management, or service contractor Service contractor operates and repairs equipment Request energy star products from your service provider Washing machine and dishwasher Save water and energy Refrigerators with top mounted freezers save 10-25% Compared with side-by-side or bottom drawer freezer 36

37 Considerations - Solar Please please please consider efficiency first Roof orientation and shading Condition of the roof Requires adequate weight capacity to support system Exposed space can be good place to install Solar PV Carport, parking garage, clubhouse, hillside, be creative Smart Solar program offers rebates 37

38 Trigger Events & Best Approaches

39 Approaches Tune-up Improve performance without major system replacements Individual Measures Consider measures individually Individual rebates Whole Building Whole Building Individual Measures Tune Up Interactive effects of multiple building systems Full building audit Whole building & financing programs 39

40 Best Times for a Green Upgrade Tune-up/ Spruce-up Rehab Unit Turnover Retrofits Replacement 40

41 Tune-up/Spruce-up Ongoing maintenance or at time of sale or purchase Low cost, easy-to-implement measures: Servicing mechanical equipment Common areas repainting, etc. Landscape & irrigation improvements Approach: Tune-up / individual measures 41

42 Unit Turnover At time of unit vacancy Unit-specific improvements Paints & finishes Carpet replacement Appliance & fixture replacements Accessibility improvements Moisture intrusion remediation Other minor repairs Approach: Individual measures 42

43 Replacement Replacement of broken or aging equipment Specific central or individual equipment Water heaters Boilers Furnaces Air conditioners Appliances Lighting Irrigation systems Select energy & water efficient models Approach: Individual measures 43

44 Retrofit More limited in scope than a whole-building rehab Typically consist of a package of coordinated improvements Designed to achieve a specific goal: Seismic safety, energy efficiency, etc. Approach: Individual measures / Whole building Depends on how many building systems addressed 44

45 Rehab Building-wide overhaul Remodeling common areas Upgrading structural elements Installing new electrical, plumbing and mechanical equipment And more New acquisition or refinancing event Approach: Whole building 45

46 Existing Building Conditions Age of building Existing equipment efficiency & age Potential for improvement? How much? Building systems to consider: Envelope HVAC heating & cooling Domestic hot water & water fixtures Lighting & appliances 46

47 Technical Assistance Can Help One-on-one technical assistance for your project Some Energy Upgrade CA multifamily programs (e.g. Alameda County) offer technical assistance Technical assistance process: Initial Evaluation Data Collection Measure Identification Approach Recommendation Program Referral 47

48 Finding the Right Programs Program Approach Program offered by Whole building / Energy Upgrade California Multifamily Energy Efficiency Rebate Energy Savings Assistance Program (low-income) Weatherization Assistance Program Commercial Deemed Savings Rebates Whole building Individual measure Individual measures (in-unit) Individual measures (in-unit) or whole building Individual measures (common areas) Utilities, Regional Energy Networks Utilities Utilities Local / State governments Utilities Various financing programs Whole building Fannie Mae, HUD, non-profits, utilities, RENs (TBD) 48

49 Funding Finder Tool

50 Energy Upgrade CA Funding Finder Online tool to help evaluate best approach Input: Existing conditions & planned upgrades Output: Recommended approach & specific measures Also: List of energy programs Geography, income qualification, common areas Recommended approach Visit the Funding Finder website Add programs: 50

51 Building Owner Data Entry Identify Measure Opportunities Determine Retrofit Approach Program Matching Existing systems Meets threshold Does not meet threshold Funding source Specification User left blank Jurisdiction Equipment vintage Meets threshold Does not meet threshold User left blank Utility Service Target population Building vintage Meets threshold Does not meet threshold Program scope User left blank Building Type Measures List of measure opportunities Approach Project plans Planned upgrades Measures tallied by category (envelope, lighting/appliances, DHW, HVAC, PV, green) Resources/incentives Available funds Property characteristics Tune-up only 1-2 categories Prescriptive 3+ categories Whole-bldg. Location Utilities Income qualification Program matched to measure opportunity, approach, and property characteristics High-rise vs. low-rise 51 List of matching programs and links to program information

52 52 Final webinar of the series:

53 For more information: Miya Kitahara, StopWaste.org Michael Maroney, HMG 53

Energy Upgrade California

Energy Upgrade California Layering Programs and Incentives for Deeper Energy Savings in Multifamily Properties Introductions The Heschong Mahone Group, Inc (HMG) Consulting on energy efficiency for buildings