Adam Q. Miller Water Resource Planner City of Phoenix USA. City of Phoenix

Transcription

1 Adam Q. Miller Water Resource Planner City of Phoenix USA City of Phoenix

2 Beyond Billing: Applications of Meter Technology for Water Resources and Development Planning

3 Metering Changes in Water Use Overview of Phoenix Water Services Current Trends Data Collection and Analysis Opportunities

4 What s important about metering? Know who is using what Fair and equitable billing Track changes in water use Plan future infrastructure needs Inform tough decisions

5 Who is paying attention to water? Coca-Cola 2.36 liters water per 1.0 liter beverage 333 ounces of water for $1.00 revenue 20% reduction targeted over 8 yrs IBM, Burlington $100,000 per month water bill 400 million data points collected daily 29% Reduction in use from Intel Corporation 12 gallons per microchip $100 million invested in efficiency since 1998.

6 Overview of Phoenix Water Services Department Water and Wastewater 1.45 Million Residents 540 Sq-Mile Service Area 1,450,000

7 Phoenix: Customer Characteristics Distribution of Accounts Distribution of Water Use

8 Phoenix: Stable Demand Despite Growth Trends in Water Account Growth and Metered Water Use ( ) 200,000, , ,000, ,000, ,000,000 TOTAL CONS (CCF) June ACCTS 405, , ,000 Water Consumption (CCF) 120,000, ,000,000 80,000,000 60,000, , , , ,000 Customer Accounts 40,000,000 90,000 20,000,000 45, Fiscal Year (July - June) 0

9 Phoenix: Reduction in Use per Customer Annual Mean Daily Water Use per Account ( ) Water Consumption per Account (GPAD) % Fiscal Year (July - June)

10 What does the future hold? Keys to Demand Forecasting Recognize Customer Trends Determine the Basis of Trends Quantify Impact Estimate Potential Know your customers

11 Trend: New Homes Use Less 450 Mean Daily Water Use (CY-08) for Homes Built from 1990 to Gallons Year of Home Construction

12 Basis: Landscapes are changing Subdivision Built in 1940 s Subdivision Built post-2000

13 Trend: All Homes Use Less TREND IN SINGLE FAMILY AVERAGE DAILY WATER USE FOR VARIOUS PERIODS OF HOME CONSTRUCTION HOME BUILD YEAR Consumption Period pre pres Results displayed in average gallons per account per day (GPAD)

14 Impact: Declining Indoor Use TREND IN USAGE RATES FOR RESIDENTIAL DEVICES Pre-1996 Homes Fixture / Appliance 1999 Use Rate (gal/day) Toilet Clothes Washer Shower Faucet Leak Other Dish Washer Bathtub Total Data from the 1999 REUWS and the 2009 city of Phoenix ReLog Study 1. Data shown is mean daily use (gallons) except Leak data is median due to right-hand skew Use Rate (gal/day)

15 Potential: Further Declines Anticipated PENETRATION RATES FOR EFFICIENT RESIDENTIAL DEVICES Low-Flow Toilets (ULFT) 74.31% Shower Heads (ULFS) 88.74% Bathroom Faucets (ULFF) 58.58% High Efficiency Clothes Washers 22.86% High Efficiency Dish Washers 22.51% City of Phoenix Single Family Site Visit Results ; n = 510

16 Evaluating Customer Water Use Data Logging Trace Analysis Discreet End-Use Information Example of trace analysis from City of Phoenix, Re-Log Study 2009

17 What s needed Advanced Metering Technology Data Collection Infrastructure Data Logging Capability Automation Saves $$$

18 How it would be used Planning Monitor demand changes Prepare for drought Operations Identify leaks Peaking characteristics Customer response to weather System-wide pressure data Finance Estimate occupancy Analyze price response Control cost Electricity, Chemical, Raw Water, Solids

19 Typical Utility Bill with Use History Improving price signals

20 Conceptual Bill with Data Logging Your Water Use: Dear Customer: Half your bill is for landscape watering. Water deep and infrequently to save money. No large leaks were identified at your property this month. Landscape Toilet Shower Laundry Amount Due $25.00 $13.00 $10.00 $2.00 $50.00

21 Questions Adam Miller Water Resources Planner City of Phoenix

22 Levi Strauss: Water<Less Jeans

23 Customer Actions Influence Decisions Role of Demand Forecasting Supply Acquisition and Drought Response Infrastructure Planning, Design and Operation Financial Management

24 Impact: New Homes Use Less Water Quantifying Impact Can be Difficult Estimates of outdoor water use range from 45% to 65%

25 Basis: All Homes Use Less Social and Economic Adaptation Systematic Fixture Replacement Conservation Consistent Behaviors CUSTOMER TRENDS Efficiency of New Development Replacement of Plumbing Fixtures and Household Appliances Higher Prices/Costs Market Forces and Preferences

26 Challenges Evaluating Customers Data Collection and Analysis Limitations of Monthly Data Labor is Primary Expense in Data Collection Site Visits are Intrusive Customer Samples can Introduce Bias Data Logging has Technical Limits Data Storage and Interpretation Location of unknown events

27 Barriers of Advanced Metering Data Transmission and Storage Infrastructure Capacity Data Security Resolution of Data Logging Technology Trend Analysis vs. End-Use Analysis Automated Data Analysis Usability for Utility and Customer Other Barriers Customer Privacy Utility Revenue Impacts

28 Customers Receive More Info "One of the big problems of water is that the success of the golden age of water has created an invisible system. We don't even take [water] for granted because taking it for granted would suggest we pay attention to it. ~ Charles Fishman on NPR Charles Fishman is the author of The Big Thirst: The Secret Life and Turbulent Future of Water