Task 33 Workshop "Small scale gasification for CHP" May, Innsbruck, Austria

Transcription

1 Task 33 Workshop "Small scale gasification for CHP" May, Innsbruck, Austria CMD ECO20: a small scale combined heat and power system at early commercialization based on gasification and syngas conversion in an ICE D. Cirillo a, M. Costa b,, M. La Villetta a,b a CMD S.p.A., Research & Development Department, S. Nicola La Strada (Caserta), Italy b Istituto Motori, CNR, Viale Marconi, 4, 80125, Naples, Italy

2 Costruzioni Motori Diesel is a dynamic, goal oriented engineering company offering a complete range of services within the internal combustion engine industry

3 Business Units Products & Applications CMD has operated on the market since 1971 providing a full range of engineering, production & commercial services from concept to market Engines Machining Parts Energy R&D Project Electronic Diesel Engines Marine Propulsion Hybrid Engines Aeronautic Engines Up to 300 Hp Engine blocks Cylinder heads Automotive Engines Camshafts Oil Sumps Gear box Special Parts Aerogest Trigenerator Avio SeB Turbohydrogen Microcogeneration Range Extender ECU (gasoline/diesel) HW, SW ECU box Engine Management Engine design and development Ecu data reader Harness Calibration

4 CMD within a NETWORK: Global Engineering Support and Main Clients

5 CMD today Via Pacinotti San Nicola La Strada (CE) Atella 1 Nucleo Industriale Valle di Vitalba Atella (PZ) Atella 2 Nucleo Industriale Valle di Vitalba Loc. Cartofiche Atella PZ Atella 3 Nucleo Industriale Valle di Vitalba Atella (PZ)

6 ENERGY

7 Bio energy plants in EU In the present energy scenario, bio energy plants fuelled with biomass are within technologies strongly incentivized in the European Union (EU) to increase the energy supply to remote districts by using locally available renewable sources. Source:

8 Potential Bionergy scenario Interesting is the implementation potential for bio energy CHP in the 27 EU Member States (MS) and in Italy, as well as the sales prospective scenario of mchp systems in the residential and SME & Collective sector until 2030 Bio-energy CHP potential analysis EU-27 Bio-energy CHP potential analysis in Italy Sales potential scenario of mchps in the residential sector in EU Sales potential scenario of mchps in the SME & Collective sector in EU

9 CMD ECO20 HEAT ELECTRIC POWER BIOMASS The mchp cogenerator CMD 20 is a device able to generate electrical and thermal power through a process of thermochemical conversion of biomass.

10 CMD ECO20 : general specifications Nominal Electric Power Nominal Thermal Power Output voltage Frequency 20 kwe p 40 kwt 400 V Three Phase 50 Hz Mass flow rate biomass (kg/h) 22 Specific consumption (kg/kwh) 1.1 Volumetric flow rate syngas (Nm 3 /h) 54 Height Width Length Weight db a 7m 300 cm 180 cm 180 cm 1600 Kg 67dB

11 CMD ECO20 for a circular economy Today ECO 20 processes wood chips, but aim of the company is the future use of biomasses to be chosen from a big family of products or by products of the wood and agro food industries. Up to now more than 13 kind of biomasses were tested in several mixtures. The handling systems are designed for biomass size category G30 and moisture content up to 20%. SHELLS Almond Hazelnuts coconut walnut pistachio NUTS peach apricot olive mango avocado SCRAPS ground wood wood scraps wine shoots stalks of corn, tobacco, cane

12 CMD ECO20

13 CMD ECO20: system layout Electric energy generation

14 CMD ECO20 Waste heat recovery for thermal energy generation II heat exchanger Reactor I heat exchanger

15 CMD ECO20 Typical configuration for electrical and thermal energy supply

16 CMD ECO20 System: experimental characterisation Proximate and ultimate analyses of woodchip The analysis of the syngas samples was performed by a gas chromatograph HP 5890 Series II using a capillary column PLOT CARBOXEN 1006 (30 m x 0.53 mm x 0.5 mm). Syngas composition for 4 collected samples

17 CMD ECO20 System: experimental characterisation With reference to the thermal layout, 12 thermocouples were mounted to measure temperature With reference into various the thermal sections layout and defined to evaluate below, inthe order thermal to compute energy thefluxes thermal through flux through the shell the and shell tube and and tubeplate and plate heat heat exchangers, the radiator, the thecooler cooler and and the the engine, engine 12 thermocouples were installed. Thermocouples type 12-K ,5-2I-3P2LD/X Mad mineral insulation, single, hot junction isolated, were used. Thermocouples type 12 K ,5 2I 3P2LD/X Mad mineral insulation and Digital thermometer (Two K type) were used. The accuracy of Digital thermometer in the range 0 C 1000 C is ± (0.4% reading value +2 ).

18 CMD ECO20 System: experimental characterisation With reference to the Temperatures thermal layout in defined a typical below, campaign in orderof tomeasurements compute the thermal flux through the shell and tube and plate heat exchangers, the radiator, the cooler and the engine, 12 thermocouples were installed. Thermocouples type 12-K ,5-2I-3P2LD/X Mad mineral insulation, single, hot junction isolated, were used. Typical values of temperatures obtained through the thermocouples are shown in Table 3.

19 CMD ECO20 experimental characterisation With When reference the user s to the temperature thermal layout decreases, defined below, the Global in order Efficiency to compute of the CMD thermal ECO flux 20 increases through the shell because and tubethe andcold plategas heatefficiency exchangers, of the the radiator, reactor the and cooler the and Electric the engine, Efficiency 12 thermocouples of the engine were installed. remain Thermocouples approximately type constant 12-K ,5-2I-3P2LD/X while the Thermal Efficiency Mad of the mineral engine insulation, increases. single, hot junction isolated, were used. The effect of different users condition on electrical and thermal efficiency was investigated. 4 cases were studied: Typical values of temperatures obtained through the thermocouples are shown in Table 3.

20 CMD ECO20 System: experimental investigation In conclusion, on the basis of the performed measurements, the overall energy balance of the Withsystem reference was toderived the thermal as reported layout defined the below, Sankey in order diagramm to compute of Figure the thermal below flux (case through d). the shell and tube and plate heat exchangers, the radiator, the cooler and the engine, 12 thermocouples were installed. Thermocouples type 12-K ,5-2I-3P2LD/X Mad mineral insulation, single, hot junction isolated, were used. Typical values of temperatures obtained through the thermocouples are shown in Table 3.

21 CMD ECO20 System: numerical model A 1D phenomenological model of the gasifier was developed and validated on experiments

22 Conclusions (1) Actual Pel = 15 kw (avarage value) Pth = 35 kw (avarage value) CGE = 60 % (avarage value) ηel =13.5 % (avarage value) ηth =33.72 % (avarage value) ηglob = % (avarage value) CMD ECO 20

23 Conclusions (2) After improvements Pel = 20 kw (avarage value) Pth = 40 kw (avarage value) CGE = 85 % (avarage value) ηel =25 % (avarage value) ηth =60 % (avarage value) ηglob = 85 % (avarage value) CMD ECO 20

24 Conclusions (3) Work hypothesis: Avarage production Pel = 15 kwe and Pth = 35 kwth; Cost of investiment ; Operating time 6500 h/year; Woodchip requirement 22 kg/h; On the basis of Italian incentive, revenue /kwhel (DM 6 luglio 2012 and DM 23 giugno 2016); Self consumption thermal energy produced (100%); Return Of Investiment 5 years.

25 Conclusions (4) With reference to the thermal layout defined below, in order to compute the thermal flux through the shell and tube and plate heat exchangers, the radiator, the cooler and the engine, 12 thermocouples were Though the system is in a first phase of development research, it is ready to be marketed. The installed. systemthermocouples installation has typeseveral 12-K ,5-2I-3P2LD/X advantages, including: Mad mineral insulation, single, hot junction isolated, were used. to be used in mountain and rural areas where electrical supply is difficult; modular units (2 units can produce 40 kwe and 80 kwth); different types of biomass can be exploited. Typical values of temperatures obtained through the thermocouples are shown in Table 3.

26 THANK YOU