Green City, Clean Waters

Transcription

1 Green City, Clean Waters Implementing Philadelphia s Combined Sewer Overflow Long Term Control Plan Update

2 PHILADELPHIA S HISTORIC CREEKS

3 40% evaporation Natural vs. Urban Stormwater Drainage 30% evaporation 10% runoff 55% runoff 25% shallow infiltration 25% deep infiltration 10% shallow infiltration 5% deep infiltration Natural Ground Cover Stormwater infiltrates into the ground Plants and trees work to absorb stormwater City Setting % impervious surface area Water hits impervious surface and runs off roofs, streets, parking lots etc. Runoff goes into the sewers

4 TYPES OF SEWERS IN PHILADELPHIA Combined Sewer Wet Weather Separate Sewer Wet Weather Downspout Storm drain Downspout Storm drain Outfall pipe to creek Outfall pipe to creek 60% of Philadelphia 40% of Philadelphia

5 LOCATION OF US CSO COMMUNITIES 821 CSO communities in 32 states

6 NATIONAL CSO CONTROL POLICY OF 1994 Expedite Compliance with the Clean Water Act Must attain WQS Use Swimming, Aquatic Life, Ind. & Ag. supply Criteria Numeric and Narrative Anti-degradation policy Control Discharges from CSOs NPDES Permitting Process Authorization to Discharge to Waterways Wet Weather Water Quality Act of 2000

7 CSO LONG TERM CONTROL PLAN OF 1997 Policy Required CSS communities to develop and implement a Long Term Control Plan (LTCP) Implemented in 3 Phases Nine Minimum Controls (NMCs) Capital Program ~$200Million Watershed Based Planning Initiative To improve Water Quality Attain Water Quality Standards

8 Watershed-Wide Issues Water Quality issues Odors Low Dissolved Oxygen Bank Erosion Lack of Channel Habitat and Biological Diversity Wetland Degradation Poor Public Access to Streams Dumping and Trash Vandalism

9 INTEGRATED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLANNING

10 2009 CSO LONG-TERM CONTROL PLAN Section 1: Introduction and Background Section 2: Public Participation Section 3: System Characterization Section 4: Problem Analysis and Goal Setting Section 5: Methods and Procedures Sections 6, 7, 8: Potential Control Measures Section 9: Alternatives Development and Evaluation Section 10: Final Selection and Development of Recommended Plan, LTCP Water Quality Approach, Implementation Schedule Section 11: Financial Capability Analysis and Financing Plan Section 12: Post-Construction Compliance Monitoring Proposal

11 GREEN CITY, CLEAN WATERS CSO Long Term Control Plan Update to DEP/EPA on Sept. 1, 2009 Improves water quality Advances City-wide Sustainability Program Maintains and upgrades one of the nation s oldest infrastructure systems Improves public health and neighborhood quality of life Transforms river and stream corridors into recreation destinations and green open space for citizens Preserves and restores habitat for aquatic species Maximizes environmental return on every dollar spent

12 TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE Economic/Environmental/Social Benefits Economic Benefits Costs Jobs Property Value Environmental Benefits Ecological Benefits Air Quality Energy Savings Carbon Footprint Social Benefits Recreation Heat Stress Mortality Aesthetics

13 2009 LTCPU Submittal 2011 CONSENT ORDER & AGREEMENT - PADEP Consent Order & Agreement Establishment of WQBEL Stream/Wetland restoration removed $200M additional funds Additional 5-years $1.2Billion (present value) more than 34% Greening Approximately 12 Deliverables Evaluation and Adaptation Plans every 5 years June 1, year Program June 1, 2036

14 [Philadelphia] has earned a place as a national and global leader on sustainable innovation and clean water protection. Lisa Jackson, EPA Administrator April 10, 2012: The U.S. EPA and the City of Philadelphia joined in a partnership to advance green infrastructure for urban wet weather pollution control. This partnership demonstrates EPA s strong support for sustainable storm water management yielding multiple benefits for community livability and other urban environment improvements.

15 GREEN CITY, CLEAN WATERS Green Stormwater Infrastructure $1.67 billion Wet Weather Treatment Plant Upgrades $345 million Adaptive Management $420 million

16 GREEN STORMWATER INFRASTRUCTURE A range of soil-water-plant systems that intercept stormwater, infiltrate a portion of it into the ground, evaporate and transpire a portion of it into the air, and in some cases slowly release a portion of it back into the sewer system Cliveden Park Herron Playground Free Library of Philadelphia Acknowledges the symbiotic relationship between land use and water resources

17 WET WEATHER WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS Capacity Expansion at all 3 Wastewater Treatment Plants Over 1.4 BGD wet weather capacity 215 MGD wet weather capacity by means of secondary treatment bypass 60 MGD increase in secondary treatment capacity 50 MGD increase in the secondary treatment capacity

18 DRY WEATHER WATER QUALITY, AESTHETICS, RECREATION Trash and Debris Removal; Solids and Floatables Control Enhancement of Public Access and Recreation Opportunities Sewer Rehabilitation Outfall Consolidation and Relocation

19 STREAM CORRIDOR RESTORATION AND PRESERVATION Restoration of stream beds and banks Creation/Restoration of Wetlands Improvements to Fish Passage

20 Natural Stream Channel Design and Sewer Protection

21 Proposed Stream Corridor and Preservation Sites

22 COA Deliverables Deliverable Name Deliverable Date Implementation and Adaptive Management Plan December 1, 2011 Green Infrastructure Maintenance Manual Development Process Plan June 1, 2012 Comprehensive Monitoring Plan December 1, 2012 Facility Concept Plan for NE WPCP June 1, 2013 Facility Concept Plan for SE WPCP June 1, 2013 Facility Concept Plan for SW WPCP June 1, 2013 Updated Nine Minimum Controls Report June 1, 2013 Tributary Water Quality Model Bacteria June 1, 2013 Tributary Water Quality Model - Dissolved Oxygen June 1, 2014 Green Infrastructure Maintenance Manual - First Edition June 1, 2014 Tidal Waters Water Quality Model - Bacteria June 1, 2015 Tidal Waters Water Quality Model - Dissolved Oxygen June 1, 2015

23 Implementation and Adaptive Management Plan Adaptive Management Capital Projects Planning Policy and Streamlining Operations and Maintenance Program Monitoring Public Outreach Delivery: December 1, 2011 Metric: All A strategy for the first years of Implementation

24 Comprehensive Monitoring Plan Natural Environment Monitoring Delivery: December 1, 2012 Metric: Greened Acres Monitoring, Modeling and Inspections Tidal Sewer System Monitoring Tributary Groundwater Sewer System Flows CSO Discharge Green Infrastructure Performance Rainfall Model Outputs Soil and Vegetation Underground Infrastructure

25 Facility Concept Plans for Plant Expansion 215 MGD Increase wet weather capacity using secondary bypass Delivery: June 1, 2013 Metric: Overflow Reduction Increase wet weather treatment capacity to over 1.4 billion gallons per day 60 MGD Increase secondary treatment capacity 50 MGD Increase in secondary treatment capacity

26 Water Quality Modeling Delivery: Metric: Progress Evaluation Tool Assess the program and evaluate alternative implementation options Tookany/Tacony- Frankford Cobbs Creek Delaware River Schuylkill River Bacteria Dissolved Oxygen

27 Green Infrastructure Maintenance Manual Delivery: June 1, 2014 Metric: Greened Acres Defining maintenance activities, frequency and efficiencies for long-term success of each type of green stormwater infrastructure

28 Water Quality Based Effluent Limit (WQBEL) Metric Units Cumulative amount as of Year 25 (2036) NE / SW / SE WPCP upgrade: Design & Construction Percent complete 100% Miles of interceptor lined Miles 14.5 Overflow Reduction Volume Million Gallons per year 7,960 Equivalent Mass Capture TSS / BOD / Fecal Coliform Percent 85% Total Greened Acres Greened Acres 9,564

29 GREEN STORMWATER GOALS 25-Year Implementation of Green City, Clean Waters Year Greened Acres Square Miles Opportunities & Barriers % Impervious cover removed % 10 2, % 15 3, % 20 6, % 25 9, % 2 9

30 WHAT IS A GREENED ACRE? Greened Acre: acre of impervious cover that is retrofitted to utilize green stormwater infrastructure which manages stormwater using source controls such as infiltration, evaporation, transpiration, decentralized storage and reuse. GA = IC * Wd IC is the impervious cover utilizing green stormwater infrastructure (acres). This quantity can include the area of the stormwater management feature itself, as well as the area that drains to it. Wd is the depth of water over the impervious surface that can be physically stored in the facility (inches). Green stormwater infrastructure designs will be aimed at controlling at least 1.0 inch of runoff, and up to 1.5 inches of runoff, unless otherwise deemed feasible by engineering design. One Greened Acre is equivalent to one inch of managed stormwater from one acre of drainage area or 27,158 gallons of managed stormwater.

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32 9,500+ IMPERVIOUS ACRES CONVERTED TO GREENED ACRES Enforce strong stormwater regulations on development Create stormwater billing structure that rewards good practices Direct eight ambitious and innovative Green Programs to invest in green stormwater infrastructure

33 Public Lands Streets Schools Public Facilities Open Spaces EIGHT GREEN PROGRAMS Saylor Grove Stormwater Wetland Springside School Water Wall and Rain Garden Friends Center Green Roof Private Lands Industrial/Commercial/Institutional Homes Parking Alleys, Driveways and Walkways

34 GREEN STREETS Stormwater Planters Columbus Square Philadelphia, PA Street-side Rain Garden Passyunk Avenue Philadelphia, PA

35 GREEN SCHOOLS Greenfield Elementary Center City Before After Wissahickon Charter East Falls Before After

36 GREEN PUBLIC FACILITIES Green Roof: Free Library, Central Branch Center City Downspout Planter: Waterview Recreation Center Germantown

37 GREEN PUBLIC OPEN SPACES Liberty Lands Park Northern Liberties Cliveden Park East Mount Airy

38 GREEN PUBLIC OPEN SPACES Herron Playground Pennsport

39 GREEN HOMES COBBS CREEK GREEN HOMES PILOT PROJECT Barry Lewis

40 PennVest (SRF) Low Interest Loan $30M PennVest loan 5 phases between 2009 and Sites - over 200 Blocks 6 Greened Acres are completed 44 GA designed awaiting construction 40 GA in design Construction costs typically range from $200k to >$1M

41 GREEN STREETS DESIGN MANUAL Collaboration between: Mayor s Office of Transportation &Utilities Philadelphia Water Dept Streets Dept Revise and define City review process and policies Aligning Capital Programs PWD and Streets Standardizes green stormwater infrastructure when: Water and sewer lines are replaced (approx. 20 miles/year) Streets are re-surfaced (eventually 38 % of impervious cover)

42 NEW INITIATIVES - First Five Years PWD Facilities Green Campus Initiatives Green Schools and Schoolyards Greening of Publicly owned Parking Facilities Vacant Lands Green Homes

43 GREEN PUBLIC PARKING LOTS Concept Tools Project Identification and Analysis Design and Construction Eadom Street Parking Lot East Falls Parking Lot Opportunities Public Parking Lot Owner Redevelopment Authority City of Philadelphia Beach St. Corp. Conrail Kaplan at Tacony Potential Greened Acres (# of sites) 13.1 acres (19 sites) 12.2 acres (20 sites) 11.5 acres (1 site) 8.2 acres (2 sites) 1.7 acres (1 site)

44 Stormwater Management Enhancement Districts Maximizing Green Acres in clustered areas 50+ GA at a time Alternatives analysis for integrated implementation Potential leveraging of limited funding Innovative collaboration

45 American Street Corridor Win-Win-Win (Community, Businesses, PWD) Centralized stormwater management Removes unnecessary pavement Collaborative Design Up to 46 new greened acres Corridor Revitalization Build out could double employment opportunities

46 AN IMPLEMENTATION APPROACH THAT EVOLVES OVER TIME, HARNESSING THE RESOURCES OF: PWD Other City departments and agencies Public and private landowners The development community New or re-aligned not-for-profit groups Foundations Federal /state agencies Community

47 PHILADELPHIA STORMWATER REGULATIONS Impacts New Development & Re-development with earth disturbance exceeding 15,000 square feet: Water Quality Channel Flood Control Meets the definition of a greened acre and manage the first inch of stormwater. Opportunity to leverage private development. Since enacting the 2006 regulations: PWD has approved 436 Stormwater Management Plans 57% (248) of these projects are located in the CSO area

48 PARCEL-BASED STORMWATER BILLING: A financial incentives for better stormwater management Shift from a meter-based charge for stormwater to a parcel-based stormwater charge Credit system available for managing stormwater Top 500 impacted parcels in the combined sewered area make up 12.3% of total impervious area Rewards Urban Development Gross Area = 24,000 Impervious Area = 24,000 Existing Charge = $ 4,700 New Charge = $ 120 Gross Area = 600,000 Impervious Area = 500,000 Existing Charge = $ 400 New Charge = $ 2,500

49 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT INCENTIVE PROGRAM Stormwater Credit program to award a mix of grant and loan modeled after the successful New York City Green Infrastructure Grant Program. To qualify, projects must cost effectively capture and retain the first one inch of rainfall or greater on the property Projects will be ranked higher during the review and selection process based on: feasibility, visibility, and the ability of the project to manage public runoff in addition to on-site runoff. Grantees will receive the credits as long as they maintain the SMPs in good working condition.

50 CITY-WIDE PLANNING INITIATIVES

51 Public Outreach and Participation Green City, Clean Waters Website Low Impact Design Challenge Green City, Clean Waters Advisory Committee Green City, Clean Waters Documentary Video Series The Flower Show Fairmount Waterworks Interpretive Center Green Tours Social Media: Facebook Ribbon-cuttings and project specific events GSI Interactive Tours, Podcasts & Maps

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53 CASE STUDY: THE BIG GREEN BLOCK Front Street, Norris Ave, Frankford Ave and Palmer Street

54 ALIGNING RESOURCES AND CREATING PARTNERSHIPS

55 BEYOND THE BIG GREEN BLOCK Connections to neighborhood amenities Columbia Avenue corridor to Penn Treaty Park Waterfront connection Integration of local art Promotes awareness Photo credit: NKCDC

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