America s clean, effi cient, reliable energy. Discover Propane: Clean, Reliable Energy. Right Now.

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1 propane America s clean, effi cient, reliable energy. Discover Propane: Clean, Reliable Energy. Right Now. 63% emissions reduction 37% emissions reduction Inside, discover What makes propane the...2 environmentally friendly fuel. Innovative ways that propane...3 is helping to meet America s energy needs. The safe and effi cient distribution...4 network that gets propane where it s needed. How propane provides comfort...6 and value throughout the home. Cutting greenhouse gas emissions can be as simple and as smart as making the right energy choice. The fact is, choosing the right appliances for our homes and the right fuel to power our vehicles and equipment can immediately reduce the amount of carbon dioxide we release into the atmosphere. Fortunately, one smart energy choice is available right now: propane. Some 12 million U.S. households, many of them far off the natural gas main, already use propane in a major appliance for heat, cooking, hot water, and many other needs. Another nearly 50 million regularly use propane for outdoor grilling. Naturally low-carbon, propane offers several ways to reduce air pollution. In light-duty trucks, propane cuts greenhouse gas emissions 19 percent compared with gasoline. That means instead of wondering how to meet our national goal of a 10 percent reduction by 2020, we can drive with propane and do our part to meet this goal today. Replacing a fuel oil furnace with a propane system cuts greenhouse gas emissions by more than 37 percent. And because most of our electricity is generated by burning fossil fuels, we can also cut greenhouse gas emissions by using propane instead of electric appliances. Compared with electric water heaters, propane tankless water heaters deliver continuous hot water with 63 percent fewer carbon dioxide emissions. 1 Carbon dioxide isn t the only air pollutant we need to cut. For a healthier environment, we also need to reduce nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and particulate matter. Compared with gasoline, diesel, fuel oil, and ethanol, propane does a better job of cutting those emissions, too. 2 We re not claiming propane is a silver bullet to our climate change challenge. There is none. We simply have to make smarter energy choices. That means, where appropriate, using alternatives like propane. Because if propane can do the same work and reduce emissions at the same time, then using more of it strikes us as a pretty smart choice. 19% emissions reduction

2 2 today spropane The Environmentally Friendly Motor Fuel. Clean, effi cient propane has long been recognized as an environmentally friendly energy. It s an approved alternative fuel listed in both the Clean Air Act of 1990 and the National Energy Policy Act of 1992 and In fact, propane-fueled vehicles make some of the most dramatic contributions to reducing emissions, protecting the environment, and generating growth in our nation s new green economy: Compared with gasoline, propane cuts emissions of toxins and carcinogens such as benzene and toluene by up to 96 percent. 4 While some 17 million gallons of gasoline are spilled each year when refi lling outdoor power equipment, propane can t be spilled. Any propane that leaks out quickly dissipates in the air. Since the 1930s, propane has powered tour fl eets at national parks from the mountains of Montana to the coasts of Maine. aboutpropane Propane-fueled vehicles produce signifi cantly lower particulate, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbon, and greenhouse gas emissions than gasoline or diesel engines. 3 Thanks to domestically manufactured propane school buses, pickup trucks, vehicle conversion kits, and other environmentally friendly technologies, propane is driving the generation of U.S. green-collar jobs. Did you know? Propane-fueled vehicles offer the best combination of durability, performance, and driving range of commercially available alternative fuels. More than 200,000 buses, taxi cabs, delivery vehicles, and other fl eet vehicles across the U.S. use clean-burning propane.

3 today spropane 3 The Innovative Solution to America s Energy and Environmental Needs. The propane industry is actively engaged in research and development initiatives to fi nd new and innovative ways to use propane s full potential to help meet America s energy needs, while reducing the environmental impact of energy consumption. The industry s technology initiatives include improving basic home appliances and demonstrating propane power generating systems that provide backup power, off-grid electricity, or even co-generation that allows owners to send unused energy back into the grid in exchange for rate credits. Promising technologies include high-effi ciency propane-solar and propane-wind hybrid power generation systems. In collaboration with top agricultural research universities and leading farm equipment manufacturers, the industry is developing and demonstrating technology to enable a more organic harvest that uses propanefueled heat, fl ame, and steam to replace chemical treatments. Continual advancements in propane internal combustion engines is driving rapid acceptance of propane-fueled versions of popular pickup trucks, vans, school buses, and lawn mowers. Compared with gasoline powered machines, propane commercial mowers offer up to 44 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. 5 The U.S. propane industry is also expanding international collaboration in putting propane to work, as exemplifi ed by the annual LP Gas Global Technology Conference. Every two years, attendees from more than 40 nations gather to learn about the latest in clean, effi cient propane equipment for home, business, agriculture, and industry. Propane is an essential part of America s energy future, and new and improved technology is essential to meeting consumers energy needs in ways that maximize effi ciency and minimize environmental impact. New propane-fueled commercial lawn mowers will likely be the fi rst in their class to meet the Environmental Protection Agency Blue Sky standard, indicating emissions at least 40 percent lower than the agency s mandatory standards. Did you know? An innovative propane-fueled weed trimmer introduced in 2009 runs two hours on a single 16.4-ounce canister and meets new Environmental Protection Agency small engine regulations up to two years before they take full effect, providing a greener alternative to gasoline right now. propane

4 4 today spropane How Propane Gets to Where It s Needed. The U.S. propane industry has created a vast and safe distribution network to get propane to consumers in all 50 states. Department of Transportation regulations and other codes and standards provide for the safe transport of propane on our highways, railroads, and waterways. However propane reaches you, this wide-ranging distribution system means that even if you live far from the natural gas main or power grid, you can be cooking with gas. U.S. Natural Gas Processing Canadian Imports U.S. Petroleum Refineries aboutpropane Primary Above Ground Storage Other Imports Pipeline Primary Storage Transport Primary Underground Storage Rail Secondary Storage These bulk plants consist of one or more steel tanks, with typical capacities of 18,000 to 30,000 gallons each. Bobtails Did you know? Propane is 270 times more compact as a liquid than as a gas, making it highly economical to store and transport.

5 today spropane 5 Today s Propane Distribution Network. 90 barges and tankers 6,000 transports 13,500 bulk/storage distribution points Propane occurs naturally during oil refining and natural gas processing, with these sources 36,500 fuel delivery trucks (bobtails) supplying about 40 and 50 percent of 22,000 railroad tank cars U.S. propane requirements, respectively. 70,000 miles of pipeline tanks and underground facilities 162,000 cylinder refillers (such as hardware stores, gas stations, campgrounds) or shipped by pipeline, rail, or truck 56,000 employees Propane can be stored in large to thousands of secondary storage facilities throughout the U.S. eline 7,000 12,000 gallons Transport and bobtail Transport tanks are built of thick, high-strength steel. Propane is delivered from 13,500 retail propane storage facilities to millions of customers throughout the U.S. Residential Commercial Bobtails + Transports Agriculture Engine Fuel for LPG Fleets Industrial propane

6 6 today spropane A House Is a Home with Propane. Propane pool and spa heaters warm the water more quickly, at less cost, than electric heaters. More than 55 percent of homeowners who cook outdoors use propane grills because they re faster and cleaner than the others. Propane cooktops give homeowners all of the benefi ts of gas cooking, including instant on and off heat and temperature control. Propane dryers are also on the list of energy effi cient appliances working hard for American consumers. Propane patio heaters provide up to a 20-foot circle of radiant heat and raise the air temperature from 10 to 30 degrees. More energy effi cient than electric aboutpropane lamps, lamps won t go off during a power outage. Because propane is not harmful to soil or water, propane tanks can be buried underground to keep homes and landscaping looking their best. Propane mosquito eliminators protect up to an acre of land. Millions of Americans count on propane furnaces to keep them warm and comfortable. Propane water heaters heat water twice as fast as electric ones making them more energy effi cient. New tankless models provide hot water on-demand, requiring no energy to reheat stored water. Propane-fueled generators provide reliable energy in locations natural gas mains and power grids don t reach, or standby power when the power goes out and it s needed most.

7 today spropane 7 A Safe Energy Choice. Propane is a safe fuel to use in the home or business. That safety comes from a combination of propane s natural properties, its engineered safety features, and the industry s ongoing education, training, preventive maintenance, and safety awareness programs. Safety is simply the industry s highest priority. Striving for Greater Safety. Stringent codes and regulations applicable to the propane industry have led to a remarkable safety record. Still, the propane industry is investing and working to improve safety. New propane cylinders, for example, include a device that shuts off the fi lling process when the tank reaches 80 percent of its liquid capacity. This additional safety feature ensures the cylinder is fi lled to the proper level. Tanks on propane vehicles are constructed from carbon steel and are 20 times more puncture resistant than typical gasoline or diesel tanks. Propane engine fuel systems are fi tted with safety devices and shut-off valves that function automatically in case of a fuel line rupture. Beyond efforts to make propane equipment safer, two programs developed by the National Propane Gas Association (NPGA) and the Propane Education & Research Council (PERC) are helping to make sure that people know how to work safely with propane. The GAS Check (Gas Appliance System Check) program provides technicians with the knowledge to perform residential safety inspections as a preventive measure to help ensure that consumers propane systems and appliances are operating safely and effi ciently. The Certifi ed Employee Training Program (CETP) ensures that the industry s workers have the knowledge and skills to perform their jobs safely and effectively. This program is provided to the industry in both traditional classroom and computer-based instruction that expands the availability and understanding of critical safety concepts to the propane workforce. Together with professionals in the emergency response community, the propane industry developed the Propane Emergencies training program, used by nearly 35 state fi refi ghter training agencies nationwide. Propane Safety Tips If you detect a gas leak, immediately evacuate everyone from the building and call the fi re department from a safe location. Never use or tamper with a damaged propane cylinder. Always call a trained professional for service on your propane tank or cylinder. Did you know? Propane is actually odorless. The familiar rotten egg smell of propane and natural gas is a safety feature. An odorant is added so that you can detect the presence of gas by its smell. propane

8 Learn More. There is much more to know about propane gas and the propane industry than can be covered in this brief introduction. For more information on propane use and safety, visit the Propane Education & Research Council (PERC) at propane.com or its companion website, propanecouncil.org. Authorized by the Propane Education and Research Act of 1996, PERC is a nonprofi t 501(c)(6) trade organization dedicated to promoting the safe, effi cient use of propane as a preferred energy source. PERC was created to enhance consumer and employee safety and training, to provide for research and development of clean and effi cient propane utilization equipment, and to inform and educate the public about safety and other issues associated with the use of propane. For more information on the propane industry and policy issues affecting the use and distribution of propane, visit the National Propane Gas Association (NPGA) at npga.org. NPGA is the national trade association representing every segment of the U.S. propane industry. NPGA s membership includes small businesses and large corporations engaged in the retail marketing of propane gas and appliances; producers and wholesalers of propane equipment; manufacturers and distributors of propane gas appliances and equipment; fabricators of propane gas cylinders and tanks; propane suppliers; and propane transporters. For more information on state and regional propane associations, including the one representing your area, visit the National Propane Gas Association at npga.org under State Associations. Thirty-eight state and regional propane associations represent the industry in each of the 50 states. Each state propane association represents the interests of its members in state legislatures and code offi ces, conducts local consumer education campaigns, and provides each propane company with another link to national industry programs. Propane Education & Research Council 1140 Connecticut Ave. NW, Suite 1075 Washington, DC telephone: fax: info@propanecouncil.org National Propane Gas Association th St., NW, Suite 310 Washington, DC telephone: fax: info@npga.org 1. Energetics Inc., Propane Reduces Greenhouse Gases: A Comparative Analysis (Washington, D.C.: Propane Education & Research Council, June 2007). The report reviews the full lifecycle accounting of on-site and upstream greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the use of propane and other fuels in various applications. The calculations are based on the 2007 GREET (Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation) model. 2. M.Q. Wang and H.-S. Huang, A Full Fuel-Cycle Analysis of Energy and Emissions Impacts of Transportation Fuels Produced from Natural Gas (Argonne, Ill.: Argonne National Laboratory, Center for Transportation Research, December 1999). 3. M.Q. Wang and H.-S. Huang, A Full Fuel-Cycle Analysis of Energy and Emissions Impacts of Transportation Fuels Produced from Natural Gas. 4. Southwest Research Institute. 5. Department of Plant Sciences at University of Tennessee, Emissions, Economic and Performance Analysis of a Propane vs. Gasoline Fueled Mower, February PRC Propane Education & Research Council