Current Status GAW Activities in Indonesia
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1 BMKG Current Status GAW Activities in Indonesia HERIZAL Bukit Kototabang Global GAW Station Sumatera Barat - Indonesia
2 Outline History Site Description Organization Progress of the Program GHG Program International meeting Contribution Closing Setiap hari, manusia membutuhkan: 1. Udara : Kg; 2. Air : 1 2 Kg; 3. Makanan : 1 2 Kg.
3 Setiap hari, manusia membutuhkan: 1. Udara : Kg; 2. Air : 1 2 Kg; 3. Makanan : 1 2 Kg. History : 1. GO3OS (Global Ozone Observing System) in 1950s 2. BAPMON (Background Air Pollution Monitoring Network) in 1960s 3. GAW (Global Atmosphere Watch) in 1989
4 Background of establishment : - Although baseline stations like : Mauna Loa, Hawai; Cape Grim, Australia; Izana,Spain etc have contributed much to our understanding about our atmosphere and its long term changes but there are still gaps when we talk about our atmosphere in global perspective - need new baseline station in order existing network more complete - Bukit Kototabang is one of the six new gaw station at that time ( 1996 )
5 Global GAW stations (as of December 1996) Red Circle : New GAW stations in 1996
6 Global GAW stations (as of November 2009) : New gaw stations
7 Bukit Kototabang ( deg E, 0.20 deg S, 865 meter asl ) Site Description
8 Environment : Site Description Bukit Kototabang Global GAW Station
9 Site Description Station Climatology : - Annual Rainfall : 2440 mm - Daily Temperature : 21.6 C - Daily Humidity : 88 % - Daily air pressure : hpa - Wind pattern Setiap hari, manusia membutuhkan: 1. Udara : Kg; 2. Air : 1 2 Kg;
10 BMKG Organization : Director General Prime Secretary Deputy for Meteorology Deputy for Climatology Deputy for Geophysics Deputy for Instruments Center for Agroclimate and Marine climate Center for Climate Change and Air Quality GAW
11 Progress of the program HVAS RWS Radiometer Ozone Anal. Met. Garden Passive Gas HVAS RWS Radiometer Ozone Anal. Met. Garden Passive Gas MAWS HVAS RWS Radiometer Ozone Anal. Met. Garden Passive Gas MAWS CO Analyzer HVAS RWS Radiometer Ozone Anal. Met. Garden Passive Gas MAWS CO Analyzer PM 10 Monitoring Flask Sampler HVAS RWS Radiometer Ozone Analyzer Met. Garden Passive Gas MAWS CO Analyzer PM 10 Monitoring Flask Sampler GAPS SO 2 Analyzer NO 2 Analyzer ph meter Cond. meter HVAS RWS Radiometer Ozone Analyzer Met. Garden Passive Gas MAWS CO Analyzer PM 10 Monitoring GAPS SO 2 Analyzer NO 2 Analyzer Infrared Rad. ph meter Cond. Meter. Piccaro Anal. TUV Rad. Aurora Nephlo. Aethalometer
12 Source : WRDC Daily Solar Radiation Since 1996
13 ppb Daily Ground Level Ozone at Bukit Kototabang Year
14 ppb Carbon Monoxide (CO) Level at Bukit Kototabang Year
15 ug/m3 Daily PM 10 at Bukit Kototabang Year
16 Irradiance (Wm-2) Daily Downward Long wave Irradiance /1/2009 1/1/2010 1/1/2011 1/1/2012 Day
17 GHG Observation Program Flask Sampling : (BMKG-NOAA) - Air inlet at 35 meter a.g.l - Weekly sampling on Tuesday at 07 UTC - Parameters : CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O and SF 6 - Stop operation on March 2011 Piccaro Analyzer : now (BMKG-EMPA) - Air inlet at : 10, 20 and 35 meter a.g.l - Continues monitoring - Data frequency : < 5 seconds - Parameters : CO 2 and CH 4
18 Flask Sampling ( ) Airkit Flask Sampler Air Inlet
19 Piccaro CO2 / CH4 Monitoring : now Gas Standard Air Inlet Sequencer Analyzer
20 New Air Inlet meter agl meter agl meter agl
21 Output Data From Piccaro Height 10 m Height 20 m Height 32 m
22 ppm Result of GHG Observation CO2 Trend at Kototabang Year
23 ppb Result of GHG Observation CH4 Trend at Kototabang Year
24 ppb Result of GHG Observation N2O Trend at Kototabang Year
25 ppt Result of GHG Observation SF6 Trend at Kototabang Year
26 GHG Levels at Bukit Kototabang Year CO 2 (ppm) CH 4 (ppb) N 2 0 (ppb) SF 6 (ppt) NA NA NA = not available
27 GHG Level Comparisons Time CO 2 (ppm) CH 4 (ppb) N 2 O (ppt) Global Indo. Global Indo. Global Indo. Rev. Ind
28 ppm ppm ppm ppm CO 2 Levels at Some Global GAW Station Assekram Year Mt. Waliguan Year Cape Grim Kototabang Year Year
29 New Observation Program 1. Aerosol Scattering 2. Aerosol Absorption CATCOS Project Catcos (Capacity Building and Twinning for Climate Observing System) : - Indonesia ( Bukit Kototabang Global GAW Station) - Chile - Kenya - Vietnam
30 Design of new aerosol monitoring program
31 New Aerosol Monitoring Instruments (Aurora Nephlometer and Aethalometer)
32 Preliminary Result Catcos Program (Visit >>>
33 International Meeting International Pyrheliometer Comparison, Golden USA ( 1999 ) Australian Aerosol Workshop, Melbourne Australia ( 2007 ) Symposium on GAW Related Activities, Jakarta Indonesia ( 2007 ) International Workshop on GAW, Jakarta Indonesia (2010) The 2 nd Asean GAW Workshop on Greenhouse Gases, Jeju South Korea (2010) International Pyrheliometer Comparison, Golden USA (2011) The 3 rd Asean GAW Workshop on Greenhouse Gases, jeju South Korea (2011) Workshop on Aerosol Database, Norway (2011)
34 Contribution : Int l Community : WRDC for Solar Radiation data WDCGG for Surface Ozone and CO data WDCGG for CO 2 and CH 4 data NCDC for wet chemistry data WCDA for Aerosol (under processing) Research Area for some Japanese Universites Ground Base CCGG network Ground Base GAPS Network
35 CCGG Network
36 GAPS : Global Air Passive Sampling
37 Summer School Kyoto Univ.
38 Contributions Domestic Contribution Higher Education Basic Education Teacher Community Center Government Local Governement
39 Contributions
40 Acknowledgements BMKG B M K G WMO/GAW NOAA NREL EMPA-MetSwiss-PSI GAWTEC CSIRO KMA
Dodo Gunawan Director of Center for Climate Change and Air Quality Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophyisics (BMKG)
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