C.-F. (Trevor) Ou-Yang, N.-H. Lin*, J.-L. Wang, and R.C. Schnell. National Central University Chungli, Taiwan

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1 Recent Progress on Greenhouse Gas Measurement at LulinAtmospheric Background Station (LABS, 2862m MSL) in Central Taiwan and Dongsha Island (Pratas Island) in South China Sea C.-F. (Trevor) Ou-Yang, N.-H. Lin*, J.-L. Wang, and R.C. Schnell National Central University Chungli, Taiwan 1

2 Last time I have been to JejuIsland EAREX 2005 Gosan Experiment 2

3 Asian Dust Air Pollutants Biomass Burning Studies for regional/intercontinental transport of air pollutants, mixing aerosols, etc. 33

4 Where is Mt. Lulin? LulinAtmospheric Background Station - LABS(23.47N, E, 2862m) 4

5 LulinAtmospheric Background Station (LABS) NCU Astronomy Observatory 5

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8 Operating under WMO-GAW/NOAA protocols Aerosols Particle mass concentration aerosol chemical components NOAA CPD aerosol system Radiation Instrument, Manufacturer, Model Model TEOM Particulate mass monitor, R&P 1400 (PM 10, PM 2.5 Aerosol sampling, R&P, 3500 Aerosol sampling, R&P, 2025D PSAP,TSI 3010 CPC, TSI 3563 intergrating nephelometer 7 spectral channels Sunphotoneter, Cimel, CE-318 Model 6 spectral channels Shadow band, Yankee, MFR-7 UVA UVA, Solar Light, MODEL 501 UVB UV-Biometer, Solar Light, Solar radiation sensor, MetOne, 96-1 Total flux Kipp&Zonen CMP-21 pyranometer Kipp&Zonen CGR-4 pyrgeometer Direct sun radiation Kipp&Zonen CH-1 pyrheliometer O 3 CO CO 2 and CH 4 NOy NH 3 CFCs Air sampling Gas Mercury Gaseous Elemental Mercury Model Ozone analyzer, Ecotech, ML9810B TraceAnalytical, TA-3000R Horiba, APMA-360 Picarro Ecotech EC9843 Ecotech EC9842 Modified GC, Agilent, HP6890N NOAA/ESRL/GMD CCGG PSU Model Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Sepectrometry,Tekran, Reactive Gaseous Mercury Mercury Speciation Unit, Tekran, 1130 Particulate Mercury Particulate Mercury Unit, Tekran, 1135 Precipitation chemistry Rainwater sample Visibility Met. Meteorological Monitoring System Rain sampler Model Model Present Weather Detector, VAISALA, PWD22 MetOne (Temp., Humidity, Press., Rain, Wind) 2.5 ) 8

9 Participate in NOAA/CCGG sampling network at Mt. Lulinsince August

10 Cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) for CO2 and CH4 measurement at LABS NOAA Primary STDs (in NCU) CRDS Calibration Protocol for CO 2 Same protocols for CH4 calibration (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) To calibrate Regular check and Calibrate Working STDs (at LABS) 10

11 Measurement of CO2 at Mt. Lulin Canister Canister_P CRDS CRDS-CO2 CO2 (ppm) Flask air samples Time (UTC+8) 11

12 Averaged CO 2 daily cycle by CRDS Present sampling time Previous sampling time 394 CO 2 (ppm) error bar: mean SD within an hour Hour of a day 12

13 CO 2 bad pairs (difference > 0.5 ppm) 5 Bad-pair number reduced! 4 CO2 bad pairs (monthly) Time (UTC+8) 13

14 Measurement of CH 4 at Mt. Lulin Canister Canister_P CRDS 1900 CH4 (ppb) Flask air samples CRDS-CH Time (UTC+8) 14

15 CO 2 and CH 4 flask air samples Lulin CO2 Dongsha CO Lulin CH4 Dongsha CH4 CO 2 (pp pm) CH 4 (pp pb) Year Year Growth rates ( ) of greenhouse gases at Lulin: CO 2 : ppm CH 4 : +4.7 ppb 15

16 N 2 O and SF 6 flask air samples 330 Lulin N2O Dongsha N2O 9 Lulin SF6 Dongsha SF N 2 O (pp pb) pt) SF 6 (p Year Year Growth rates ( ) of greenhouse gases at Lulin: N 2 O: ppb SF 6 : ppt 16

17 Russia Mongolia China Korea Japan Thailand Vietnam Taiwan Dongsha Island (DSI) Cape Kumukahi (KUM) Hawaii Indonesia Map of western Pacific Australia Dongsha Island Dongsha Atoll

18 CO 2 and CH 4 at Dongsha DSI_CO2 (ppm) KUM_CO2 (ppm) DSI_CH4 (ppb) KUM_CH4 (ppb) mole fraction ns UTC Time

19 N 2 O at Dongsha DSI DSI Regr KUM KUM Regr 326 N2O (ppb) Time (UTC)

20 Cluster analysis of 5-day backward trajectories Monthly frequencies of respective clusters 100 NC 80 N = EC NC WP SCS SEA EC WP SCS SEA Frequency (% ) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month

21 Mean concentrations of respective GHGs in each cluster Data: March 2010 December 2012

22 Recent Activities: 7-SEAS Project 22

23 International Collaborations NOAA CCGG and Aerosol NASA AERONet and MPLNet US NADP Hg Network EU Hg Network Mt. Fuji in Japan Univ. of Tokyo Univ. of Munster 23

24 Welcome to visit the LABS! Just bring your instruments here! Presented by Trevor Ou-Yang Contact our PI: George Lin Website: 24