Plant growth and development monitoring through integrated sensor systems

Transcription

1 Volume 17(1), , 2013 JOURNAL of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology Plant growth and development monitoring through integrated sensor systems *Suciu (Bigyilan) Laura 1, Şumălan R. 1 1 Banat 's University of Agricultural Sciencies and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara, Romania *Corresponding author. laurabigyilan@gmail.com Abstract This paper proposes an integrated sensor based system that combines the need for continually monitoring and control of the environmental conditions with the phytomonitoring technique in order to assure the well being of plants inside a greenhouse. Also this system is a statement that we can combine two different methods of data aquisition like wired and wireless to make sure that all the needed parameters are monitored. Three basic components satisfy these need as follows:a sensing system, a communication system and a data processing system.wired and wireless sensors are deployed inside the greenhouse, all together with a family of controllers and smart actuators in order to set up a control system whose behavior can be remotely programmed. The wired system is doing a real time monitoring of the following parameters inside the greenhouse: light intensity, soil moisture and temperature, air temperature and humidity and air temperature at canopy level; all of the data being stored using a software made by Tedelco. In the same time the wireless system is acquiring data from four more sensors: leaf temperature sensor, quantum(par)sensor, soil moisture sensor and leaf wetness sensor. In order to assure the optimal conditions for the inhibition of pests, the greenhouse is also equipped with an artificial lighting system specially designed for greenhouses, an irrigation system and an artificial fog system.sensor systems are the ideal support for preventive monitoring and at the same time it offers all the support data necessary for decision making regarding crops development. Key words sensor phytomonitoring, greenhouse systems, The subject of greenhouse monitoring and control is still much discussed [1],[3],[6] even if in the last four decades it was in the attention of the researchers. In order to prevent rather than combat an adequate greenhouse monitoring and control system is necessary[8],[9]. The Phytomonitoring methodology incorporates plantsensing techniques, sampling rules, measurement protocols, data interpretation and crop-specific application techniques. The total concept is embedded in modern electronics, data acquisition and communication systems, software and internet enabled interface ( ml) The proposed system allows multiple applications like: disease and pest control (a non-destructive and noninvasive approach is needed), irrigation control (because the water resources are limited), total environmental control, trial-and-error aproch method etc.[5], [7],[10] Material and Methods The system studied is deployed inside three greenhouse modules that are located within the Experimental Teaching Resort of the Banat 's University of Agricultural Sciencies and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara, Romania. The system arhitecture harmoniously combines a wired (fig. 1) and a wireless (fig. 2) network in order to assure that all the parameters that can influence or give important informations regarding the growth and development of plants are aquired and analyzed. All the data collected by these sensors are stored and then processed in a monitoring and control unit common for both networks situated outside the greenhouse. Also it is possible to wirelessly transmit the data colected by the wired system in our laboratory that is located inside the university. The system has a great advantage, that is expandable and so new type of sensors and controllers can be added without affecting the existing infrastructure; power and communication are made using a single cable [5]. The informational flux starts with the sensors that gather data from inside the greenhouse and then transmit them throw cable to the 307

2 PC were these are analised. Now the desion making process starts and according to this the controllers send commands to actuators. This process is usualy predefined because there are different setpoints established for every controled parameter inside the greenhouse. The data collected by sensors are reviewed every day and all the necessary adjustments to setpoints are made in order to keep the environmental conditions within desired ranges.[2],[4].inside the wireless network data is colected by using a primary datalogger for each sensor and then transmitted to the gateway connected to the PC by using a RF 2.4 GHz transceiver. Fig. 1 Network architecture used to monitor/control the environmental parameters inside the greenhouse Fig. 2 Wireless network architecture used to monitor plant reactions Results and Discussion Both of the presented networks have a customer friendly interface where the data acquired from the sensors can be viewed in real-time (fig.3,4). These data can be exported in.xls format in order to analise them further more by using specialy designed statistical programs and also to correlate them with other specific laboratory analysis. Unlike the software provided by the wireless system, the wired system allows us to draw various graphs 308

3 designed to attract attention towards environmental parameter deviations from normal ranges.(fig.5,6). Fig. 3 Vizualisation interface of the wired real-time monitoring network Fig. 4 Vizualisation interface of the wieless real-time monitoring network( 309

4 Fig. 5 Air humidity, light intensity and air temperature real-time values inside the greenhouse Fig. 6 Light intensity real-time values inside all three greenhouse modules Conclusions Integrated sensor systems are ideal for preventive monitoring and support while offering all the necessary data for making decisions regarding crop management. Also offer the possibility of designing a database that can be accessed at any time and information can be processed in different ways and that can be correlated with other data obtained from laboratory tests. The system highlights how well can complement each other two networks that communicate differently but together provide all data necessary for monitoring both environmental parameters and physiological processes in plants. Concomitant use of integrated sensors for monitoring environmental factors and plant physiological processes enables an analysis of the influence of each environmental factor on plants by changing them one at a time and then collecting the data from sensors, making biometric mesurements, determining the chlorophyll content. Acknowledgements This work was published during the project DOCTORAL STUDIES FOR RESEARCH IN TRAINING", POSDRU /107/1.5/S/80127, co-financed by the European Social Fund through the Sectorial Operational Programme for the Human Resources Development

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