Sustainable Human Development Index for Armenia

Transcription

1 Sustainable Human Development Index for Armenia logic, the results of the pilot and the opportunities for broader application Yurik Poghosyan State Counsil on Statistics, Armenia 1

2 Armenia Experience Sustainable Human Development Index proposed in 1995 Including environment component Two parts: Measure of territory ecological state 4 indicators Measure of ecological impact of human activity 7 indicators Sustainable Human Development Index 2012 Taking into account changes in Human Development Index Taking into account new approach to sustainability Data availability for Armenia and for cross-country comparisons 2

3 Approach to Sustain-Ablity Sector-specific is reflected in 4 dimensions of the Sustainable HDI Process-specific dimension is equally ability to sustain the achievements (status) in each dimension. Difference between gross and net value of HDI What we achieved status of human development How we achieved it in sustainable or non-sustainable manner Ideally zero difference, no penalty for nonsustainability 3

4 Sustainable Human Development Method Including component Environment Sustainability of all index components Layers of index Tier A: Status Extended Human Development Index Achieved level of Human Development What we achieved (but not how we achieved it) Tier B: Sustanability Index of Sustianable Human Development How it was achieved Tier C: Context Set of indicators, more broad picture Relevant for national policy measures (i.e. if National Sustainable Development Council is current) 4

5 Methodological Assumptions (1) The purpose To construct internationally-comparable national-level index The meaning of the index Achieved level penalized for inability to sustain the level. Link to other human development indicators The index a standalone one but part of the HDI family Weighting No weighting approach with the implicit assumption of equal significance (and hence weights) for individual dimensions 5

6 Methodological Assumptions (2) Way of integrating the environmental aspects. Directly through the fourth dimension Indirectly through the unsustainability penalty Approach to sustainability Broad, integrating the three-pillars of sustainable human development and ability to sustain the achieved status Medium sustainability certain level of interchangeability between dimensions Attribution of the ecological damage By consumption 6

7 Methodological Assumptions (3) National adequacy or international comparability? Index calculated in two options: Ideal full set of indicators, but only for Armenia Real restricted set of indicators, but available for all countries of region 7

8 Achievements Life expectancy at birth Mean Years of Schooling Expected Years of Schooling GNI per capita (USD PPP) Qulity of water Quality of air State of soils State of biodiversity Habitat Human Development Index Extended Human Development Index Ability to sustain Healthy life expectancy Primary schoool graduation Debt to GDP ratio CO2 emission per capita Energy efficiency, oil equivalent kg per $1000 GDP Fresh water withdrawal as % of available resources Protected areas, % of territory Share of energy from renewable sources Sustainable Human Development Index 8

9 Dimensions of Human Development Health: Ability to live long and healthy life Knowledge: ability to have access to knowledge, to be educated Decent standards of living: Ability to reach decent standards of living Environment: ability to live in clean and balanced environment Water Air Soils Biodiversity Habitat 9

10 Environment indicators (Armenia) Water Integrated water quality indicator Air Integrated air quality indicator in relation to MPC Soils Degree of degradation of lands Biodiversity Forest area index relative to base year (1990) Share of threatened plant species Share of threatened animal species Habitat Share of population covered by sanitation and waste management services 10

11 Sustainability Indicators (Armenia) Health Healthy life expectancy Knowledge Secondary school graduation rate Decent standards of living Debt to GDP ratio Greenhouse Gas emission, in CO2 equivalent Energy efficiency (kg equivalent oil per $1000 GDP) Environment Water Required volume to dilute wastewaters to MPC Sustainable freshwater withdrawal Air required volume to dilute exhaust Soil speed of land degradation Biodiversity Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) Habitat share of hazardous waste processing and disposal Energy share of energy from renewable sources 11

12 Environment indicators (Comparable) Water Share of population with access to improved (safe) water source Air Air pollution PM10 Soils Natural resources depletion (% of GNI) Biodiversity Forest area index relative to base year (1990) Habitat Share of population with access to improved sanitation facilities 12

13 Sustainability Indicators (Comparable) Health Healthy life expectancy Knowledge Persistence to last grade of primary, total (% of cohort) Decent standards of living Debt to GDP ratio CO2 emission Energy efficiency (kg equivalent oil per $1000 GDP) Environment Water Annual freshwater withdrawals as % of internal resources Biodiversity Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) Energy share of energy from renewable sources 13

14 SHDI: Armenia Long and healthy life Clean and balanced environment Knowledge Extended Human Development Index A decent standard of living SHDI Sustainable Human Development Index 14

15 Development SHDI: Armenia Sustainability 15

16 Questions and next steps SHD Index calculation for group os countries (region, types) SHD Index times series calculations Index adequacy: does it reflect reality? Dataset expansion Common practices and methods in National Statistical Services of Europe and Central Asia region Necessity for data sharing and exchange Potential for regional database creation Index use for monitoring and policymaking Role of National Sustainable Development Councils 16

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19 Thank you for attention 19