Realization of Sustainable Energy by Smart Campus

Transcription

1 Energy Management Action Network (EMAK) Workshop 8 Energy Management Best Practice Realization of Sustainable Energy by Smart Campus 3rd February 2017 Masaaki Bannai Mie University

2 Contents 1 Toward Smart Energy in Campus Regional Warming Suppression by Smart Campus 1. Overall of Smart Campus 2. Individual Measures and Effectiveness 3. General-Purpose to Other Facility 4. Future

3 Theses on Promoting Energy Saving at University 2 Goal: Be Proud of Environmentally Advanced University to the World Indistinctness of Actual Energy Usage by each Sector Lack of Investment for Energy Saving (First priority is to maintain and repair of energy facility) Facility staff Insufficient Consciousness of Energy Saving

4 Aiming at an Environment ally Advanced University 3 Systems Configuration of MIESC Energy Management System(EMS) Overview of Mie University (2015) Smart Meter Create Energy Wind turbine Solar power Each Faculty Each Faculty Event Hall Site Area : Total Floor Area : No.of Students : No.of Faculty and staff: Total members : 528, ,539 7,297 1,877 9,174 m 2 m 2 persons persons persons Annual Energy Consumption (2014) Electricity 41.0 GWh City Gas Heavy Oil-A CO 2 Emission 4, ,458 km 3 kl t-co 2 Gas engine co-generation system Waste heat recovery chiller Save Energy Air conditioning system LED lights Battery

5 PDCA Cycle Execution toward Smart Campus 4 Execution of CO 2 Reduction Plan by Means of PDCA Cycle Start Plan Do Clarification of Smart Campus Purpose (1) Energy Saving (2) Operating Expenses (3) BCP Analysis of Existing and Future Energy Supply/ Demand Facilities Check Introduction of New Facilities and Evaluation of Energy Saving Management Review Act Improving Plan No Explanation internally and exterally Optimized and Consensus? Yes Action and Continuation Continuous Unfolding

6 Aim for Realization of Smart Campus and Related Stakeholder 5 Regional Community Community residents Energy Utility Company Electricity Company Gas Company Mie University (Community) Student Faculty and Staff Government Local Government Local Companies 1.A Feasibility Study with Renewable Energy / Energy Saving Facilities Energy Saving Ratio Allotment of large/small independent power 2.Collaboration with Demand and Supply Side Abrupt Fluctuation of Renewable Energy Leveling of Electricity

7 Proposal of Smart Community 6 Purposes 1. Utilization of - Sustainable Energy (Solar and/or Wind Power) - high efficient co-generation 2. CO 2 Reduction emitted from Institute/University 3. Stable Energy Supply under Normal Condition and Independent Power Supply in case of a natural disaster Energy Creation with less CO 2 emission Solar Power Photovoltaic (PV) Co-Generation Energy Management System (EMS) Peak Shaving Stable Supply Demand Forecast Optimum Operation Storage of Electricity Energy Saving Air-Conditioning System LED Lighting Waste Heat Recovery Equipment

8 A ratio of Electricity (%) Electricity Demand(kW) Decision of Various Measures 7 Application Energy Method Air- Conditioning Demand Large (in Summer) Desiccant Lighting Fixed Load, Operating Hour Long Directly use DC Energy Saving Air-Conditioning (Desiccant type) Winter Mild Summer Weekday (Peak) 9,530 (100) Heating Cooling Ventilation Lighting Weekday (vacation) Variable Load Air-Conditioning Fixed Load Ventilation Lighting IT Lab. etc LED Lighting with low energy loss (connected with DC of PV) Lighting in CVS Air enthalpy

9 Electricity Demand Seasonal Electricity Demand 8 midnight morning daytime night 10,000 Large number Of Summer people 8,000 6,000 4,000 Mainly Hospital Students Attending University Winter Spring Autumn Electricity Demand Difference caused by Air-Conditioning Leave University Spring 春 4/22( 22/4/(Mon) 月 ) Summer 夏 7/9 9/7(Tue) ( 火 ) Autumn 秋 11/1( 1/11(Thu) 木 ) Winter 冬 1/1111/1(Fri) ( 金 ) 2,000 0:00 0 3:00 3 6:006 9: :00 15:00 18:00 21:00 24 Time Electricity demand is affected by each season respectively.

10 Electricity Demand Forecast 9 Electricity Demand [kw] daytime(10:30~17:00) Electricity Demand is affected by ambient air enthalpy and solar radiation. = Load by ambient air + Load by solar radiation + Fixed Value + Compensation = α h + β SR + γ + σ : Air enthalpy coefficient [kw kg/kcal] : Air enthalpy [kcal/kg'] : Solar radiation coefficient [m 2 ] : Solar radiation [kw/m 2 ] : Fixed value [kw] : Compensation (by saving activity) [kw] Patent applicated on'13

11 Electricity Demand [kw] Electricity Demand [kw] Frequency [No.] Demand Comparison (Measured and Forecasted) 10 Comparison between measurement and prediction Errors 10,000 8,000 6,000 9/7(Tue) Forecasted Measured , ,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0:00 0 3:00 3 6:00 6 9: :00 15:00 18:00 21:00 24 Time 10/7(Wed) Measured Forecasted 0:00 0 3:00 3 6:00 6 9: :00 15:00 18:00 21:00 24 Time Error [%] Average RMS Error: Daytime 4.6 % Nighttime 3.7 %

12 Preservation of Environment 11 Countermeasure of Shadow-Flicker and Noise Caused by Wind Turbine (WT) The shadow-flicker occurs when the wind-turbine blades move across the sun shining. The influence of shadow-flicker is predicted and its result occurs influence to residents. An operation is arranged to shutdown the wind-turbine beforehand when the shadowflicker is expected in a fine morning. Front Gate Sound Level db(a) Sound similar to : Distance 830m Noise level 30dB(A) 60 Normal conversation 50 Quiet office Noise Propagation caused by Wind Turbine New Hospital 35dB(A) Library or midnight in city Chirp, midnight in suburbs 40dB(A) 45dB(A) 50dB(A)

13 Electricity Demand (kw) (ⅰ) Electricity Peak Restraint 12 Effect of Electricity Demand Restraint 10,000 9,530 Peak Demand 9,530 kw(100%) 4,770kW (50.1% of Electricity Peak Value) At the end of July 8,000 Monthly Peak 4,310 (by independent power) Peak Restraint 4,770kW ( 50.1%) 6,000 4,760 4,000 Contracted Value 4,760 kw(49.9%) June 6 月 July 7 月 August 8 月 Month 460 Methods of Demand Restraint Operation Improvements Storage of Electricity ( 60) Improvement of Facilities Operation ( 310) Waste Heat Use ( 60) Improvement of chilled water transportation ( 30)

14 Relative Humidity % RH Energy Intensity (ⅱ) Desiccant Air Conditioning (New Energy Saving Method) Evaluation by Discomfort Index Discomfort Index Feeling Goal Comfort Feel not hot Our Target Slightly hot Hot and Sweat Satisfaction 82% Satisfaction 82% Existing Air-Conditioning 86 Desiccant 65 Evaluation As ever : Indoor temperature New Idea : Indoor temp. and Humidity Energy Saving Effect : Satisfaction : Size of circle shows satisfaction rate. 36.6% reduced 13 Energy Saving Rate 93 kj/m 2 h 36.6 % Resident 40 persons Indoor Temp. Comfortness feld by inhabitant Existing Desiccant Energy Consumption

15 Electricity Consumption (w) (ⅲ) DC (Direct Current) Power Supply to LED Lighting 14 DC (Direct Current) Power is directly supplied from PV to LED Lighting Energy Saving Effect :18% Comparison between DC vs AC Conventional New supply method Utility Utility LED Lighting Saving % PCS AC line Transformer D/D DC line D/D PV Panel LED Lighting PV Panel LED Lighting AC Supply Same Brightness DC Supply (New Method) AC Supply DC Supply AC: Alternating Current DC: Direct Current CVS in Campus LED lighting in the CVS

16 Electricity (kw) Electricity Generation (ⅳ) Effective Usage of Small size Battery 15 Hybrid Storage (Fast Capacitor and Lead Battery) Electricity demand restraint at Power Peak Period Mitigation of Abrupt Fluctuation for WP and PV Improvement of Battery Operation Electricity Demand Peak-cut Peak-cut mode Storage 100 kw Discharge Contract Value Threshold Value Abrupt Fluctuation Mitigation WP PV Output (with no control) Store Receiving Discharge Under control to capacitor from capacitor Time (h) Time

17 Electricity Supply to Campus in Case of Disaster (BCP) 16 Electricity from Power Company City Gas Storage Battery Capacitor In Normal Case of Disaster Power Failure Gas Engine Shut-off Stabilization of electricity (Store/Discharge) Electricity Network Important Load 2 Campus Important Load 1 (against Disaster) Campus BCP: Business Continuity Planning Wind Power Solar Power Electricity, Gas : Shut down Wind Power, Solar Power : Normal Condition Electricity Supplied by Renewable Energy

18 Energy peak rate Voluntary management-type environmental activities (MIEU Point) Generalization of the methods implemented in the Smart Campus Program and future expansion 17 Apply versatile technologies and actions for energy saving and power saving to other universities in and outside Japan High Tohoku and Southeast Asia, Hokkaido Inland Kanto and southern Demand response, dynamic pricing Hybrid battery technology Promotion of "cool biz" Air conditioning and lighting accommodating demand response Promotion of PR and expansion Promotion of "cool biz" Air conditioning and lighting accommodating demand response Desiccant air conditioning LED lighting system using DC power supply Common technologies Power demand forecast Evaluation of environmental impact to the community Autonomous power supply in case of a disaster Low Temperate High temperature Hot and humid(marine climate) Climate characteristics Kyushu and Okinawa Promotion of "cool biz" Air conditioning and lighting accommodating demand response Desiccant air conditioning Considering a feasibility study with an Indian University and graduate school

19 Heat source for cooling and heating Climate conditions Electricity Demand in Campus (kw) Guideline of Air-Conditioning Schema 18 Selection of optimum heat source for air conditioning by region winter Off-season summer Heating Load big Load big (Temperate, marine) Cooling Air conditioning load (air conditioners) air enthalpy Air Conditioning Heating None None 1Inland Temperate 2Close to the sea Cold Use exhaust heat 3Inland 4Close to the sea Absorption Steam/hot water Turbo Mie University Ventilation load Others (information equipment, machine and equipment, testing equipment) Lighting load Evaluation of energy efficiency Electricity Gas Gas/oil Desiccant Heat pump Absorption Gas heat pump Boiler (Low COP) (Low COP)

20 Energy エネルギー原単位 Intensity [GJ/m [GJ/m 2 year] 2 年 ] Intensity of CO 2 Emission [GJ/m 2 year] CO 2 排出原単位 [kg-co 2 /m 2 年 ] Results and Future 19 Progress of Energy and CO 2 Emission Phase 1 Phase Target Target Year We will continue our smart activity to prevent global environment.

21 Energy Saving and Environmental Activity Our Future Activity 20 Establishment of Vision and Goal Aim at One of the Advanced Environmental University in the World Encourage the Energy Saving Activity Visualization of energy usage conditions and Guide to all the member Optimization by Removal of Uselessness High accurate demand forecast High priority operation of efficient equipment Continuation of Energy Saving by Univ. Demand Response Support to Domestic / Foreign University Creation of Benchmark for Energy Saving CO 2 Reduction Environmental Brand and Value Continuous Practice of ECO Activity Continuity of energy saving activity in a body Demand response, Incentive Activity What is Smart?: Everyone continues to respect "Nature, Object and Region". Energy - Creation - Storage - Saving New Energy Saving Plan (2nd Smart Campus) Thank for your Attention! 年