Overview of Presentation I. INTRODUCTION Profile of the Philippines Water Resources and Status of the Water Environment II. INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER REGU

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1 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES WEPA International Workshop on Industrial Wastewater Management Jakarta, Indonesia September 26-28, 2017 DR. VICENTE TUDDAO JR, PhD Regional Director DENR - ENGR. ERLINDA A. GONZALES Technical Officer Environmental Management Bureau ENGR. WILMA R. UYACO Chief, Monitoring and Enforcement Section Environmental Management Bureau-NCR, DENR 1

2 Overview of Presentation I. INTRODUCTION Profile of the Philippines Water Resources and Status of the Water Environment II. INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER REGULATIONS Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 Water Quality Criteria and General Effluent Standards Monitoring Methods on Industrial Establishments Challenges in Monitoring and Status of Compliance III. CHALLENGES AND COUNTERMEASURES Challenges on the Industries and Measures Taken Impacts of Water Pollution to the Environment Treatment Technologies Current Used 2

3 THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES PROFILE Archipelago with 7,107 islands; Land Area: 300,000 km 2 Population as of 2016 is 103M. The annual population growth rate is 2.04%. About % of the total population is concentrated in Metro Manila. The Philippine economy is largely contributed by the agriculture sector which accounts for 30% of the GDP. Another major contributor is the mineral sector which produces copper, chromite, 3 nickle, gold, silver.

4 THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES PROFIL The DTI records in 2011, shows that there are 820,253 establishments (based on 18 industry type) throughout the country, wherein 60% are located within the Manila Bay Region (Metro Manila, Region 3, and Region 4A). Of these number 112,789 are manufacturing industries. The main manufacturing industries are pulp and paper mills, sugar mills, alcohol distilleries, food processing, plastic and consumer goods, copper smelter, glass plant, steel mills and cement plant. 4

5 A. Coastal & Marine Waters Covers an area of about 266,00sqkm, including bays and gulfs Coastline stretches to about 17,460km Coral reefs cover about 27,000sqkm 64 of the 79 provinces are in coastal areas B. Inland Waters Ground Water aggregate area of about 50,000sqkm Lakes - 79 Rivers Major River (drainage area not less than1,400sqkm) - 18 Principal River (drainage area not less than 40sqkm)

6 STATUS OF RIVERS IN THE PHILIPPINE Out of the 421 Principal Rivers, 180 are already polluted 50 are biologically dead 4 are in Metro Manila Pasig River The rapid increase in population, urbanization and industrial development has led to the river basin degradation and deterioration which is due mainly to water pollution. 6

7 Source: Nat l Water Quality Status Report, EMB 7

8 The DENR shall be the primary government agency responsible for the conservation, management, development, and proper use of the country s environment and natural resources. - EO 192 EMB is the primary government agency under the DENR mandated - to formulate, integrate, coordinate, supervise, and implement all policies, plans, programs, projects and activities relative to the prevention and control of pollution as well as management and enhancement of environment 8

9 PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT OF 2004 (Republic Act No. 9275) The Clean Water Act Applies To: Provides For A Comprehensive And Integrated Strategy To Prevent And Minimize Pollution Through A Multi-Sectoral And Participatory Approach Involving All The Stakeholders. Water quality management in all water bodies. Abatement and control of pollution from land-based sources. Enforcement of water quality standards, regulations and penalties. 9

10 PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT OF 2004 (Republic Act No. 9275) The DENR Implements A Wastewater Charge System (WCS) In All Management Areas and Regional Industrial Centers through the Collection of Wastewater Charges/Fees. WCS is a market based-instruments (MBIs) that imposes fees based on the volume and quality of effluent discharged. This was adopted to encourage proper wastewater management to abate & control pollution 10

11 PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT OF 2004 (Republic Act No. 9275) To control wastewater discharges, DENR has enforced the Wastewater Discharge Permitting System All Owners Or Operators Of Facilities That Discharge Regulated Effluents Shall Secure Wastewater Discharge Permit (DP). DP is the legal authorization granted by the DENR to discharge wastewater into a water body 11

12 PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT OF 2004 (Republic Act No. 9275) DENR NO WATER QUALITY GUIDELINES AND GENERAL EFFLUENT STANDARDS OF 2016 Discharges from any point source shall at all times meet the effluent standards The GES shall be used regardless of the industry category Effluent used for agricultural purposes shall conform to the DA Administrative Order No DAO 08 has also provision for the water classification of water bodies for the purpose of maintaining the quality of water based on beneficial usage. 12

13 Water Body Classification andusage of Freshwaters (Rivers, Lakes) Classification A Class AA AA Intended Beneficial Use Public Water Supply Class I Intended primarily for waters having watersheds, which are uninhabited and otherwise protected, and which require only approved disinfection to meet the PNSDW Public Water Supply Class II For sources of water supply requiring conventional treatment (coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection) to meet the latest PNSDW 13

14 Water Body Classification and Usage of Freshwaters (Rivers, Lakes) Classification B Beneficial Use Class B Recreational Water Class I intended for primary contact recreation (bathing, swimming, skin diving, etc.) C 1. Fishery Water for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources 2. Recreational Water Class II (Boating, fishing or similar activities) 3. For agriculture, irrigation, and 14 livestock watering)

15 SIGNIFICANT EFFLUENT QUALITY PARAMETERS PER SECTOR PSIC CODE INDUSTRY CATEGORY SIGNIFICANT PARAMETERS A. Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 014 Animal Production BOD, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Coliform (for Class B and SB), Ammonia, Phosphate 032 Aquaculture (excluding fish pens) BOD, TSS, Ammonia, Nitrate, Phosphate, Sulfate 15

16 SIGNIFICANT EFFLUENT QUALITY PARAMETERS PER SECTOR PSIC CODE INDUSTRY CATEGORY SIGNIFICANT PARAMETERS B. Mining and Quarrying 05 Mining of coal and lignite Color, ph, TSS, Nitrate, Sulfate, Manganese, Iron, Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury, Lead 06 Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas, support activities ph, TSS, Sulfate, Fluoride, Barium, Chromium, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Mercury, O & G, Phenol & Phenolic Substances, Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylene,s Benzo(a)pyrene 16

17 SIGNIFICANT EFFLUENT QUALITY PARAMETERS PER SECTOR PSIC CODE INDUSTRY CATEGORY SIGNIFICANT PARAMETERS C. Manufacturing Slaughtering and meat packing T, ph, BOD, TSS, Ammonia, Nitrate, Phosphate, O & G Production processing and preserving of meat and meat products Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and mollusks (except carrageenan) Processing of seaweeds, manufacture of agar-agar or carrageenan Processing and preserving of fruits and vegetables T, ph, BOD TSS, O & G T, ph, BOD, TSS, Nitrate, O & G T, ph, COD, TSS, T, ph, BOD, TSS, O & G 17

18 SIGNIFICANT EFFLUENT QUALITY PARAMETERS PER SECTOR PSIC CODE INDUSTRY CATEGORY SIGNIFICANT PARAMETERS C. Manufacturing 14 Manufacture of wearing apparel Tanning and dressing of leather T, ph, Surfactants, Color, COD Color, ph, COD, TSS, Total Coliform, Ammonia, Chloride, Chromium, O & G, Phenol & Phenolic Substances Manufacture of veneer sheets; manufacture of plywood, laminated board, particle board and other panels and board; wooden window and screens Pulp milling including manufacture of pulp, paper and paperboard COD, TSS, Nitrate, Sulfate, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Arsenic, Bezo(a)pyrene Color, T, ph, COD, TSS, Nitrate, Phenol & Phenolic Substances, Sulfate, Phosphate, Ammonia 18

19 Section 7.2 Parameter Class A Class B Class C Class D Ammonia as NH 3 -N, mg/l BOD5,mg/L Boron, mg/l Chloride, mg/l COD, mg/l Color, TCU Cyanide as Free Cyanide, mg/l Fluoride, mg/l

20 Parameter Class A Class B Class C Class D Nitrate as NO 3 -N, mg/l ph (Range) Phosphate, mg/l Selenium, mg/l Sulfate, mg/l ,000 Surfactants (MBAS), mg/l Temperature (h) C change Total Suspended Solids, mg/l

21 Parameter Class A Class B Class C Class D Arsenic, mg/l Barium, mg/l Cadmium, mg/l Chromium as Hexavalent Chromium (Cr 6+ ) Copper as dissolved Copper, mg/l Iron, mg/l Lead, mg/l Manganese, mg/l

22 MONITORING OF THE INDUSTRIES LEVEL DOER REPORT Project Proponent/Comp any The Pollution Control Officer Self-Monitoring Report (SMR) and/or (CMR) Compliance Monitoring Report Multi-Partite Monitoring (MMT) or Third Party Monitoring Team headed by the company composed of various Stakeholders (LGU, NGO and Audit Report / CMR REGULATING BODY EMB CO / EMB-RO Compliance Evaluation Report 22

23 METHODS OF MONITORING THE INDUSTRIES Table Monitoring Documents submitted o reports (Self-Monitoring Report) o plans o required permits (discharge permit) o other proof of compliance or implementation Field Monitoring Site Validation (actual plant inspection and effluent sampling plus validation of submitted reports) 23

24 CHALLENGES IN MONITORING Low awareness of the stakeholders on the existing law, rules and regulations on wastewater management Weak cooperation among different Government Agencies, Local Government Units, and the Regulated Community/Industry hence derail law enforcement Big investment on the part of industrial establishments to put up WTF as a results of the inclusion of additional parameters in the new effluent standard (NO3, PO4) Inadequate logistical support to the law implementers, especially at local level (financial & technical). 9/25/

25 STATUS OF COMPLIANCE BY INDUSTRIAL / COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENTS TO THE CLEAN WATER ACT Based on records of the DENR EMB, of the total industries in the Manila Bay Region that have been monitored from , only 45.41% are complying with the DENR Standards / or have been issued Wastewater Discharge Permit. This means that many have been issued Notices of Violation and are still implementing measures (such as construction of wastewater treatment facility) so as to treat their wastewater. Or some still have pending case with PAB (payment of fines/penalties) 25

26 CHALLENGES FACED BY INDUSTRIES FOR NON-COMPLIANCE Anyone who commits violation of Section 7 of the GES, case shall be elevated to the Pollution Adjudication Board (PAB) for issuance of a Cease and Desist Order (CDO). Violation Anyone who commits any of the prohibited acts or violates any of the provisions of this Act & its IRR Penalty/Civil Liability Upon recommendation of the PAB, Fine of not less than PhP10,000 but not more than P200,000 for every day of violation 9/25/

27 CHALLENGES FACED BY INDUSTRIES FOR NON-COMPLIANCE Violation Penalty/Civil Liability Failure to undertake clean up operations wilfully or through gross negligence Imprisonment not less than 2yrs but not more than 4 yrs.; A fine of not less than PhP50,000 but not more than PhP100,000 per day of violation Failure or refusal to clean up which results in serious injury or loss of life or lead to irreversible water contamination Imprisonment of not less than 6 yrs. and 1 day and not more than 12 yrs. and fine of PhP500,000 per day for each violation 9/25/

28 CHALLENGES FACED BY INDUSTRIES FOR NON-COMPLIANCE Violation Penalty/Civil Liability Gross violation of the Act, -Deliberate discharge of toxic pollutants -Five (5) or more violations within a period of 2years -Blatant disregard of the orders of the PAB, such as non-payment of fines, breaking of seals or operating despite the existence of an order for closure, discontinuance or cessation of operation. PAB shall issue resolution recommending that proper gov t agencies file criminal charges against violator 28

29 CHALLENGES ON INDUSTRIES In the different provinces of the Philippines, the Livestock sector is number one source of water pollution The Department of Agriculture recognizes the problem and difficulty in putting up WTF. Other industries with problem on compliance to the Effluent Standards: Pulp and Paper Mill Dyeing/Textile/Garments Piggery & Poultry Slaughterhouse/Hatchery Beverage and Brewery Chemicals/Pharmaceuticals Gasoline Refilling Hospital Food Manufacturing Housing/Recreation Industrial estate Power Plant Quick Service Restaurants Sugar Mining Allcohol Distillery 29

30 IMPACT TO ENVIRONMENT OF UNTREATED WASTEWATER Fish Kill occurs as a result of deteriorating waterquality. There are 3 documented fishkill incidents in the Philippines. May 2011-bangus and tilapia production in Taal Lake in Batangas City estimated to reached 800MT fishes killed. June 2011 Bolinao and Anga in Pangasinan where 10,000MT were affected May 2012 towns within Rizal and Laguna and was caused by deteriorating quality of Laguna Lake 30

31 IMPACT TO ENVIRONMENT WATER Red Tide Occurrences although a natural and seasonal phenomenon. But factors such as natural upwelling of water resulting in high nutrient concentrations together with ideal conditions of T, salinity and light can trigger bloom of dinoflagellates. Also the fertilizer runoff from farms contributes to the occurrence. Mangroove Forest Extinction Water Pollution of Rivers and Lakes and Coastal Waters 31

32 IMPACT of WATER POLLUTION ANNUAL ECONOMIC LOSSES DUE TO WATER POLLUTION P3 billion for health costs P17 billion for costs for fisheries production 47 billion for tourism Other non-quantifiable damage / loss claims A total of P67 Billion Source: Phil Environment Monitor

33 Low awareness of the industries on the existing law, rules and regulations on wastewater management; Low awareness on the effect to humans and lives of water pollution; Big investment on the part of industrial establishments to put up WTF as a results of the inclusion of additional parameters in the new effluent standard (NO3, PO4); Unavailability of enough space for the construction of WTF or enhancement of existing WTF. 33

34 CURRENT MITIGATION MEASURES AND PROBLEMS Measures Industries take the services of third party treater of wastewater; Dosing of enzymes and/or bacteria to lessen the concentration of pollutants. Problem The difficulty in monitoring the procedure. The Law (CWA) has no provision on how to monitor the transporter of the wastewater. Not an assurance of compliance to the effluent standards. 34

35 TECHNOLOGY CURRENTLY USED BY Industry Type Quick Service Restaurants INDUSTRIES Treatment Process/Technology Grease Traps Commercial Building/Mall Biological Treatment SBR, Extended Activated Sludge Process Food Processing Chemical Treatment or combination of Chemical and Biological Treatment Cosmetics and other Chemical Industries Combination of Chemical and Biological Treatment 35

36 SOME TREATMENT FACILITIES CURRENTLY USED IN THE PHILIPPINES 36

37 37

38 SLUDGE DRYING BED 38

39 ADOPT AND ESTERO/WATER-BODY Launched in 2010, the Adopt Esteros/ Water Bodies is a collaborative program between and among the DENR, the community, Local Government Units, Donor Partners and other Government Agencies aim at institutionalizing public-private community partner in environmental and sanitation improvement. 39

40 INDUSTRIAL ECOWATCH Industrial Eco watch was implemented as part of EMB s compliance monitoring system. A public disclosure program where the industrial and commercial establishments are rated based on their environmental performance Six color codes are used to rate the performance of various industries (Black (very Bad), Red (BAD), Blue (Good), Green (Very Good), Silver (Excellent), Gold (Outstanding) Red and Black classifications indicate violations in meeting the allowable parameters. Blue rating exhibit satisfactory environmental performance. 40

41 INDUSTRIAL ECOWATCH Promote mandatory self monitoring and compliance with environmental standards Encourage voluntary self regulation among establishments for improved environmental performance by: o Encouraging pollution reduction beyond compliance through public recognition and praise; o Creating incentives for dischargers or producers; Build and enhance the capability of establishments and/or their associations on self regulation in: Developing internal environmental management systems S) Promoting the use of international environmental standards such as the ISO series. 41

42 PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENT PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM (PEPP) The PEPP created by virtue of DAO is a DENR partnership program with industries, in cooperation with the other environment-related agencies, aimed to support industry self-regulation towards improved environmental performance. The PEPP seeks to provide a package of incentives and reward mechanisms to industries in effective voluntary selfregulation and improved environmental performance. 42

43 GOVERNMENT EFFORTS ON WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT BENEFITS FROM AWARDEE OF THE PEPP High profile recognition reward- rewarded by the DENR Official Seal of approval and are entitled for the relaxation of regulatory requirements. This seal shall be valid for one year. Relaxation of reportorial requirements as to the frequency of submission Simplified requirements for securing Environmental Compliance Certificate for an expansion project Longer validity of permit Access to financial assistance from PEPP partner financial institutions. *The are have been awarded with the companies qualified for the program s tract 1 classification and awarded with the 43

44 Let us be good stewards of the Earth we inherited. All of us have to share the Earth s fragile ecosystems and precious resources, and each of us has a role to play in preserving them. If we are to go on living together on this earth, we must all be responsible for it. ---Kofi Annan THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Have a Great Day Everyone 44

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