Second Grade Science Curriculum

Transcription

1 2.1 (1 st Nine Weeks) Students will be able to: =Core Knowledge Supplemental Books supplied 2.1 A Scientific Thinking and Practice (on-going all year) 1. Learn the steps and terminology of the scientific method a. Problem/question b. Research c. Hypothesis d. Experiment e. Conclusion and report findings 2. Use scientific thinking and knowledge and communicate findings a. Understand that in doing science it is often helpful to work with a team and share findings b. Make accurate observations and communicate findings about investigations I.I.I I.I.II HMS Core Knowledge Science Notebook What Your 2 nd Grader Needs to Know 3. Use mathematical skills and vocabulary to analyze data, understand patterns and relationships, and communicate findings a. Record observations on simple charts or diagrams b. Measure length, weight, and temperature with appropriate tools and express those measurements in accurate mathematical language c. Conduct simple investigations (e.g., measure the size of plants of the same kind that are grown in sunlight and shade) d. Use tools to provide detailed information (e.g., magnifiers, rulers, thermometers) e. Make predictions based on observations as opposed to random guessing f. Follow simple instructions for a scientific investigation 4. Know that some materials are better than others for making particular things (e.g., paper, cardboard, plastic, metal, fiberglass, wood. I.I.III 2 nd Grade Science 6/9/2006 Page - 1 -

2 B Earth and Space Science (Seasons) 1. Identify the four seasons and recognize a variety of life processes associated with the seasons a. Spring-plants sprouting, animals mating and hatching b. Summer-growth of plants and animals c. Fall-harvest of plants, animal migration d. Winter-plant dormancy, animal hiberation 2. Understand the Earth s year round orbit around the sun 3. Recognize a variety of life processes associated with the seasons Red Leaf, Yellow Leaf C Earth and Space Science (Solar System) 1. Know the structure of the solar system and the objects in the universe a. Understand and observe the phases of the moon b. Observe that some objects in the night sky are brighter than others c. Know that the sun is a star 2. Know the structure and formation of Earth and its atmosphere and the processes that shape them a. Know that rocks have different shapes and sizes (e.g., boulders, pebbles, sand) and that smaller rocks result from the breaking and weathering of larger rocks b. Understand that rocks are made of materials with distinct properties c. Know that soil is made up of weathered rock and organic materials, and that soils differ in their capacity to support the growth of plants d. Recognize the characteristics of the seasons II.III.I II.III.II 2 nd Grade Science 6/9/2006 Page - 2 -

3 2.2 (2 nd Nine Weeks) Students will be able to: =Core Knowledge Supplemental Books supplied 2.2 A. Physical Science (Matter) 1. Recognize that matter has different forms and properties a. Observe that properties of substances can change when they are mixed, cooled, or heated (e.g., salt dissolves in water, ice melts) b. Describe the changes that occur when substances are heated or cooled and change from one state of matter to another II.I.I B Earth and Space Science (Water Cycle) 1. Understand the basics of the water cycle a. Know that most of the earth s surface is covered by water b. Understand the water cycle: evaporation, condensation, precipitation c. Know that humidity is water vapor in the air d. Identify types clouds: cirrus, cumulus, stratus The Magic School Bus at the Waterworks The Cloud Book C. Physical Science (Energy, Simple Machines, Magnets) 1. Know that energy is needed to get things done and that energy has different forms a. Describe how heat can be produced by burning, rubbing and mixing and know that heat moves more rapidly in thermal conductors (metal pan) than in insulators (e.g., plastic handle) b. Describe the usefulness of some forms of energy (e.g., electricity, sunlight, wind, sound) and how energy (e.g., heat, light) can affect common objects 9e.g., sunlight warms dark objects, heat melts candles) c. Observe that sound is made by vibrating objects and describe it by its pitch and loudness d. Recognize that moving objects carry energy (kinetic energy) 2. Understand the basic principles of simple machines a. Explain how simple machines save energy II.I.II How Do You Lift a Lion? 2 nd Grade Science 6/9/2006 Page - 3 -

4 b. Identify a lever, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw c. Identify a wheel and axle d. Identify gears as wheels with teeth and notches e. Identify a variety of familiar uses for simple machines 3. Identify force and describe the motion of objects a. Describe how the strength of a push or pull affects the change in an object s motion (e.g., how a big or small push affects how high a swing rises) b. Discuss the biography of Elijah McCoy (friction and ways to reduce friction) 4. Observe that electrically charged materials and magnets attract and repel each other, and observe their effects on other kinds of materials a. Demonstrate the invisible force of magnetism b. Understand that magnets have north and south poles c. Understand that a magnetic field is strongest at the poles d. Discuss that most magnets contain iron e. Know that lodestones are naturally occurring magnets f. Discuss how the Earth is like a magnet g. Explore the use of magnetized needle in a compass, which will always point north II.I.III Simple Machines Classroom Model Set Mike Mulligan and His Steam Shovel The Real McCoy Economy Magnet Set Magnetic Lodestone 2.3 (3 rd Nine Weeks) Students will be able to: =Core Knowledge Supplemental Books supplied A. Life Science (Human Life Cycles) Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats 1. Understand all living things are made up of cells too small to be seen without a microscope a. Cells make up tissues b. Tissues make up organs II.II.I 2 nd Grade Science 6/9/2006 Page - 4 -

5 B.. C. D. E. c. Organs work in systems 2. Observe and describe various shapes of fungi 3. Know that bacteria and viruses are germs 4. Discuss the biography of Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Know the parts of the human body and their functions 1. Identify a variety of human organs (e.g., lungs, heart, stomach, brain) 2. Know that various nutrients are required for specific parts and functions of the body (e.g., milk for bones and teeth, protein for muscles, sugar for energy) 3. Identify the functions of human systems (respiratory, circulatory, digestive, excretory system) Understand the food pyramid Understand the human need for nutrition, hygiene, rest and exercise Discuss health careers and biographies of Florence Nightingale and Daniel Hale Williams II.II.III Anatomy Apron The Magic School Bus Inside Ralphie What Happens to a Hamburger? Dairy Nutrition Kit Good Enough to Eat A Kid s Guide to Food and Nutrition Florence Nightingale 2.4 (4 th Nine Weeks) Students will be able to: =Core Knowledge Supplemental Books supplied A. Life Science (Life Cycles) Know that living things have similarities and differences and that living things change over time 1. Explain that stages of the life cycle are different for different animals (e.g., mouse, cat, horse, butterfly, frog, chicken-from egg to egg) 2. Discuss the life cycle: birth, growth, reproduction, death 3. Observe that many characteristics of the offspring of living organisms (plants or animals) are inherited from their parents II.II.II 2 nd Grade Science 6/9/2006 Page - 5 -

6 4. Observe how the environment influences some characteristics of living things (amount of sunlight required for plant growth) 5. Discuss reproduction in plants from seed to seed B Life Science (Insect Life Cycles) 1. Identify characteristics of insects a. Six legs and three body parts; head, thorax, and abdomen b. Exoskeleton, chitin c. Most but not all insects have wings 2. Discuss how insects can be helpful and harmful to people a. Helpful: pollination; products like honey, beeswax, and silk; eat harmful insects b. Harmful: destroy crops, trees, wooden buildings, clothes; carry disease; bite or sting 3. Discuss life cycles; metamorphosis a. Some insects, such as grasshoppers, look like miniature adults when born from eggs, and they molt to grow b. Some insects go through distinct stages of egg, larva, pupa, adult 4. Identify social insects such as ants, termites, wasps, honeybees, etc. C. Science and Society 1. Describe how science influences health and medical care a. Know that science has ways to help living things avoid sickness or recover from sickness (e.g., vaccination, medicine and adult supervision is needed to administer them) b. Describe ways to prevent the spread of germs 2. Discuss how scientific discoveries and inventions influence our daily life 3. Understand that everybody can do science experiments, invent things, and formulate ideas III.I.I 2 nd Grade Science 6/9/2006 Page - 6 -