SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

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2 UNITS: SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AND Introduction to Sustainability Design Principles for Sustainability Low or Zero Carbon Technology Energy Management in Buildings Waste Management Green Certification

3 UNIT 1 Introduction to Sustainability a.what is Sustainability? b. Life Cycle Assessment c. Environmental Management Systems d. BREEAM e. Timeline of Singapore Sustainable Milestones

4 INTRODUCTION TO SUSTAINABILITY Sustainable Environment = Green Environment Environment of Built Industry a. Construction b. A&A / renovation c. Conservation / upgrading d. Refurbishment / improvement

5 WHAT IS SUSTAINABILITY It is an approach to progress which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs (World Commission and Environment & Development, 1987)

6 What is Sustainability in Built Environment? In terms of the built environment, its means designing, constructing and managing buildings and resources in a way where building occupants needs are met without the wasteful use of energy and resources, such that sufficient provision is left for future generations to provide for themselves.

7 Causes? SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AND -Increase in population & mobility -Change in lifestyle needs and wants -Greed for more wealth & assets by corporate Resulted in over exploitation (misuses) of resources!!!

8 Caused? SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AND -Over exploitation of resources -Shortage of once common resources -Pollution -Waste generation threatening the Land, Water and Air for future generation

9 Once Common resources: 1.Timber scaffolding bintango (mangrove & plankton colony destroyed) 2. Iron & other metallic ore excessive exploration depletion & changing demographics of work force

10 Once Common resources: 3.Oil & gas contamination of sea and pollution of air 4.Concrete production of carbon and chlorine damaging the ozone layer

11 Increase in Conservation Research & Concern for the Environment! World Commission and Environment & Development proposed to -reduce energy consumption by 50% per capital -reduce carbon dioxide emission by 20% of 1990 by 2020 Singapore aims to Green 80% of Government Owned building by 2030

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13 Proposition? Such as? Environmentally friendly product Biodegradable Green Product Sustainable Product Ozone Friendly Eco Design Recyclable Green Washing What is eco building? Simple in concept, complex in reality, eco building involves reducing the impact of buildings on the environment and on the health of those who live within them. Eco buildings need not necessarily appear radically different, but they do add an additional dimension to the choices made throughout the design and construction process. These extend from selecting optimum insulation levels and the materials to be used, through to choosing suppliers and incorporating renewable energy systems.

14 Why Sustainable Design & Construction? 1.Recognises the needs of everyone while the society progress 2.Effective protection of the environment 3.Prudent use of natural resources 4.Maintain high and stable level of economic growth and employment

15 What is Sustainable Construction? Tradition Standards 1.Performance 2.Quality 3.Cost

16 What is Sustainable Construction? Sustainable Standards 1.Resource depletion 2.Environmental degradation 3.Healthy Environment

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20 Assessment Provides the Foundation to Meet the Challenges In order to improve and control the impact, Greek (1996) suggested 6 basic steps to prevent analysis based problems: 1.Understand the nature of problem & apply appropriate method to prevent it 2.Validate the analytical method used 3.Ensure competency of practitioner 4.Assessing the independent body 5.Results are traceable 6.Implementing formal quality systems

21 Assessment of Building Construction One of the evaluation method that allows the performance of new & existing facilities to be assessed & which provides an ongoing procedure by which environmental impacts can be identified, measured and reduce is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

22 Life Cycle Assessment- 4 stages 1.Goal definition and scoping planning phase; define, objective, product alternatives, limitation, parameters, evaluation methods 2.Inventory analysis Quantification of inputs & outputs; energy, materials, air emission, water-borne, effluent. 3.Impact Assessment- how product affect the environment 4.Improvement Analysis decision making to reduce environmental burdens

23 Life Cycle Assessment (Weir 1998) Life Cycle Assessment : Analyses and comparisons of product, process and services according to the ISO standard covering the whole life cycle from the production of raw materials to end of life.

24 Life Cycle Assessment (ISO 14040) is a Technique for assessing the environmental aspects and the potential impacts associated with a product by -compiling inventory turnover of a production system -evaluate the environment impact of those turnover -interpret the results of the two reference to the objective

25 Environmental management is corporate response to growing concern about the state of the environment and the environmental effects caused by corporate activities

26 Environmental Management System is the overall framework for their actions in managing the environmental effects

27 Environmental Management System exist to ensure legislative compliance to both present and future constrains by the corporate. Environmental Effects are: -Employees health & well being -Surrounding inhabitants -Animals habitats

28 Global Environmental Effects Green House Gases- Many greenhouse gases occur naturally, such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Others such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) result exclusively from human industrial processes. - Absorb & re-emit from earth surface, leading to warmer lower atmosphere.

29 Localised Environmental Effects Water economy equip which minimise water consumption Effects on micro-climate - large bldg can affect wind pattern around them and can overshadow neighbouring properties Land contamination reclamation of contaminated land from industrial Noise- traffic, plants, etc Transportation increase reduction of pollution Indoor issue lighting/ventilation/comfort

30 Since the induction of Sustainable Movement what transformation have we seen or experienced?