TDR TDR. TDR (ECa) TDR ECa (ECw) TDR TDR. ECw TDR.

Transcription

1 () (w) 0 KCl (Kp) Zcble w (Kp) (Zcble) Kp 009 Zcble w * E-mil: Abbsi_Friborz@yhoo.com

2 ( ) θ Z ( ) C Z () (C) Z 6. Miscible displcement 7. Continuous 8. Short pulse 9. Immobile 0. Coted. Bulk soil electricl conductivity. Wrd et l.. Impednce. Soil wter electricl conductivity. Residul soil solute concentrtion

3 C) ( ) C=β β C KCl (K ) K 980 K 98 0 Louvin l Neuve 79 0 (L, L, L) f T (Z) ( ) K p Z Z Z cble cble L 98 ( T ) f T f T K p 98 7 (P, P, P) ( ) ) 99 0 b 996 b b. Frnson

4 0 cm 87 9 ph 6/ 6/ 6/ 6/ / / /0 اليسيمتر لومي لوم ماسهاي عمق )cm( کالس بافت لومي لومي لومي لومي لوم ماسهاي لوم ماسهاي لوم ماسهاي رس 8 8/ بافت سيلت 7/ ماسه 0/ 9 9/ افق AP AP Bt Bt AP AC C مواد آلي )%( 0/68 0/ 0/ 0/8 /07 0/ 0/ جرم مخصوص ظاهري ) (g/cm /6 / / / /0 /0 /0 C C6 C C6 NTC C C C0 C C C C C9 NTC C

5 6 NTC C NTC KCl C T T Z 0 (K p ) 6 Z cble KCl 8 Z b (K p ) 006 (Z cble ) 009 K p Z cble Z cble

6 Multiplexer 7-6 L b R b b R R 9. Flux concentrtion. Immobile. Mobile. Rising limb. Brekthrough curve

7 بال صعود بال نزولي L ( ) 0 ( ) w 0 L, L, L 0. Solute step

8 P, P, P 0. Pulse

9 9 = R =0.9 لومي خاک = R = cm اي ماسه لومي خاک = R = cm اي ماسه لومي خاک (c 0 0 (b 0 0. Dispersion. Diffusion

10 اليسيمتر اليسيمتر اليسيمتر اليسيمتر w () اليسيمتر w () اليسيمتر عمق 70 سانتيمتر عمق 0 سانتي متر عمق 0 سانتيمتر عمق 70 سانتيمتر عمق 0 سانتي متر عمق 0 سانتيمتر

11 6 REFERENCES. Abbsi, F., M. Jvux, M. Vnclooster, J. Feyen, G. Wyseure, & G. Nziguheb, 006. Experimentl study of wter flow nd sulphte trnsport t monolith scle. Agric. Wter Mngement, 79(): 9-.. Chndler, D.G., M. Seyfried, M. Murdock, & J.P. McNmr. 00. Field clibrtion of wter content reflectometers. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 68: Dlton, F. N., W.N. Herkelrth, D.S. Rwlins, & J.D. Rhodes, 98. Time-domin reflectomery: Simultneous mesurement of soil wter content nd electricl conductivity with single probe. Science : Ferre, P.A., J.D. Redmn, D.L. Rudolph, & R.G. Kchnoski, 998. The dependence of the electricl conductivity mesured by time domin reflectometry on the wter content of snd. Wter Resour. Res., : Frnson, M.A.H., 98. Stndrd methods for the exmintion of wter nd wstewter. 6 th ed. Am. Public Helth Assoc., Wshington, DC. 6. Heimovr, T.J., A.G. Focke, W. Bouten, & J.M. Verstreten, 99. Assessing temporl vritions in soil wter composition with time domin reflectometry. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 9: Jury, W.A. & K.Roth Trnsfer function nd solute movement through soil. Birkhuser Verlg, Bsel, Kchnoski, R.G., E. Pringle, & A. Wrd. 99. Field mesurement of solute trvel time using time domin reflectometry. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 6: Lin, C.P., C.C. Chung, & S.H. Tng, 007. Accurte time domin reflectometry mesurement of electricl conductivity ccounting for cble resistnce nd recording time. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 7(): 0. Mllnts, D., M. Vnclooster, M. Meddhi, & J. Feyen. 99. Estimting solute trnsport prmeters on undisturbed soil columns using time domin reflectometry. J. Contm. Hydrol., 7: Mllnts, D., M. Vnclooster, N. Toride, J. Vnderborght, M.Th. vn Genuchten, & J. Feyen, 996. Comprison of three methods to clibrte for monitoring solute movement in undisturbed soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 60: Ndler, A., 00. Comments on Field clibrtion of wter content reflectometers. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 69: Reece, C.F Simple method for determining cble length resistnce in time domin reflectometry systems. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 6: -7.

12 . Rhodes, J.D. 98. Predicting bulk soil electricl conductivity vs. sturtion pste extrct electricl conductivity clibrtions from soil properties. Soil. Soc. Am. J., :-.. Rhodes, J.D., N.A. Mnteghi, P.J. Shouse, & W.L. Alves Soil electricl conductivity nd soil slinity: New formultions nd clibrtions. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., : Topp, G.C, J.L. Dvis, & A.P. Annn, 980. Electromgnetic determintion of soil wter content: Mesurements in coxil trnsmission lines. Wter Resour. Res., 6: Topp, G.C., M. Ynuk, W.D. Zebchuck, & S. Zegelin, 988. Determintion of electricl conductivity using time domin reflectometry: soil nd wter experiments in coxil lines. Wter Resour. Res., : Vnclooster, M., D. Mllnts, J. Diels, & J. Feyen. 99. Determining locl scle solute trnsport prmeters using time domin reflectometry (). J. Hydrol., 8: Vnclooster, M., D. Mllnts, J. Vnderborght, J. Diels, J. Vn Orshoven, & J. Feyen, 99. Monitoring solute trnsport in multilyered sndy lysimeter using time domin reflectometry. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 9: Vogeler, I., B.E. Clothier, S.R. Green, D.R. Scotter, & R.W. Tillmn, 996. Chrcterizing wter nd solute movement by time domin reflectometry nd disk permemetry. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 60: -.. Wrd, A.L., R.G. Kchnoski, A.P. von Bertoldi, I.J. vn Wesenbeeck, & C.J. Hmlen, 988. Solute trnsport during three-dimensionl unsturted wter flow: xisymmetric mesurements using time domin reflectometry. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Abstrcts, 988, pp. 9.. Wrd, A.L., R.G. Kchnoski, & D.E. Elrick. 99. Lbortory mesurements of solute trnsport using time domin reflectometry. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 8: Wyseure G.C.L., M.A. Mojid, & M.A. Mlik Mesurement of volumetric wter content by in sline soils. Europen J. Soil Sci., 8: 7-.. Ynuk, M., G.C. Topp, S. Zegelin, & W.D. Zebchuk Multiple reflection nd ttenution of time domin reflectometry pulses: Theoreticl considertion for ppliction to soil nd wter. Wter Resour. Res., : Zgoskii, V.V., V.M. Nesterov, E.A. Zmotrinsky, & T.G. Miikhilov, 98. Dependence of dielectric permittivity of moist disperse mterils on the temperture. Soil Phys. J. (Engl. Trnsl.), : Zegelin, S., L. Whire, & D.R. Jenkins Improved filed probes for soil wter content nd electricl conductivity mesurement using time domin reflectometry. Wter Resour. Res., :67-76.