CAISO View of Smart Grid

Transcription

1 CAISO View of Smart Grid David Hawkins Lead Renewables Power Engineer March 17, 2010 Slide 2 Slide 2 1

2 Generation Grid Operators View Leverage smart grid policies to: Increase demand-side participation in the CAISO market, Support renewable resource integration, Improve utilization of Transmission and Distribution Support development of communications standards for a robust, secure communications network, and Enhance grid efficiency and reliability. Slide 3 Smart grid strategies also provide greater visibility of the loads and resources throughout the system 5.1 million electric customers 4.9 million electric customers 1.4 million electric customers It is critical to know how much load is being covered by local generation, such as solar photovoltaic generation, so the CAISO can ensure reserves are available to replace the variable energy resources if required. Transfer Paths: (Normal California EHV Transmission System Ratings) Path 25 Meridian Path 66 Captain Jack Path MW N/S Path MW Bi-directional Malin Weed Path 65 Celilo Path MW N/S Junction 30 NW S/N (Winter) Path MW Bidirectional Craig View Cascade Shasta Round Path MW Bi- Mountain directional Keswick Path MW E/W Olinda 500 kv DC (Path not rated W/E) PIT River Path MW S/N Table (Hydro) 500 kv (Path not rated N/S) Mountain Path /1900 MW N/S Feather River 230 kv & lower (See note, WSCC Path (Hydro) Rating Catalog) WSCC Transfer Path 775 MW S/N Path 24 Path MW Bi-directional Path 46 10,118 MW E/W Drum Geysers Path MW E/W Vaca Path MW Bi-directional Dixon Summit Path MW N/S 900 MW S/N Contra Path MW Bidirectional Costa Tracy Pittsburg Path MW N/S; 3675 Hunters Point San Luis Protrero Tesla Path 46 Path 60 WOR Metcalf West of Los Banos Silver Peak Path 49 EOR Moss Helms East of River Landing Panoche Inyo Control Colorado River McCall Intermountain Kings River Path 15 Path 61 Big Creek (Hydro) Market Place Morro Bay Gates Midway Victorville Mead Mc Cullough Adelanto Hoover Diablo Canyon Eldorado Vincent Castaic Lugo Mojave Path 26 Pardee Palo Sylmar Chino Toluca Mira Loma Verde Rinaldi Devers Santiago Path 41 Serrano North Valley SONGS Mirage Gila Talega El Centro Path 43 Escondido Encina Also Path 46 Mission Path 44 Southbay Miguel Imperial Valley MEXICO Path 42 Note: Also part of Path 46 CFE CFE Path 45 Slide 4 2

3 Increasing Demand-side Participation in the CAISO s Markets Smart meter give customers visibility of their energy consumption and options to control their energy costs. New smart appliances and smart buildings will have loads that can respond to energy prices Customers will be able to modify their consumption based on dispatch commands and pricing signals. Future tariffs to encourage PHEV to charge during off peak periods a win for the customers, grid asset utilization, cleaner air and a match with off peak wind generation Slide 5 Slide 6 3

4 Integrating Renewable Resources Smart grid systems will be to lower the barriers to interconnection of renewable generation at all levels of the grid. Smart grid will help make the distribution system robust enough to maintain power quality and acceptable voltages even with the interconnection of renewables on the distribution circuits. Smart substations will monitor the loads and resources in their area and provide both real-time data and potential short term energy forecasts for their area. Slide 7 Slide 8 4

5 Slide 7 Wind Generation Production in CAISO Slide 10 5

6 Wind energy is a challenge to forecast Slide Wind + Solar 4000 MW Solar and 6000 MW WIND Nameplate Capacity Megawatts WIND + SOLAR SOLAR WIND :00 0:42 1:24 2:06 2:48 3:30 4:12 4:54 5:36 6:18 7:00 7:42 8:24 9:06 9:48 10:30 11:12 11:54 12:36 13:18 14:00 14:42 15:24 16:06 16:48 17:30 18:12 18:54 19:36 20:18 21:00 21:42 22:24 23:06 23:48 Slide 12 6

7 2013 Solar Ramps will be an issue to manage Wind + Solar Calculated Total Wind Calculated Solar :00 0:30 1:00 1:30 2:00 2:30 3:00 3:30 4:00 4:30 5:00 5:30 6:00 6:30 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00 12:30 13:00 13:30 14:00 14:30 15:00 15:30 16:00 16:30 17:00 17:30 18:00 18:30 19:00 19:30 20:00 20:30 21:00 21:30 22:00 22:30 23:00 23:30 Slide 13 Example of Wind + Solar Generation Q Wind + Solar Calculated Total Wind Calculated Solar Load :00 0:30 1:00 1:30 2:00 2:30 3:00 3:30 4:00 4:30 5:00 5:30 6:00 6:30 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00 12:30 13:00 13:30 14:00 14:30 15:00 15:30 16:00 16:30 17:00 17:30 18:00 18:30 19:00 19:30 20:00 20:30 21:00 21:30 22:00 22:30 23:00 23:

8 Support development of communications standards for a robust, secure communications network A smart grid will require many different parts of the electric system to communicate with each other. The development of common communications and security standards will be vitally important to the success of the smart grid. NIST - National Institute of Standards and Technology NAESB - North American Energy Standards Board OASIS - Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards Slide 15 8

9 Enhancing Grid Efficiency and Reliability Achievement of high standards for grid efficiency and reliability requires data and information from all levels of the electric system as well as a regional view. Key strategy is the deployment of a high speed Synchrophasor network for the western interconnection and expansion of the phasor network in California New data points at key stations and renewable generation New visualization tools Research and deployment of new controls for damping grid oscillations and enhancing grid stability Slide 17 Local Storage to Smooth out PV Variability Slide 18 9

10 Battery Storage 34 MW NAS battery energy storage for 7 hours at wind park in Japan Slide 19 Source: Secretary Steven Chu, US Dept. of Energy 10

11 Visualization In Use at CAISO Visualization Tiers Dashboard, Interconnection, Reliability Coordinator, Local Area Real Time Alarms within ALL RTDMS Client Applications Slide 21 What is the Smart Grid going to do for us? Technologies Benefits Integrated Communications Reduced Disruptions Integrated communications connect components to an open architecture for real-time information and control, to allow every part of the grid to both talk and listen. Sensing and Measurement Sensing and measurement technologies support faster and more accurate response, such as remote monitoring, time-of-use pricing and demand-side management. Advanced Components Advanced components apply the latest research in superconductivity, fault tolerance, storage, power electronics and diagnostics. Advanced Control Methods Advanced control methods monitor essential components, enabling rapid diagnosis and precise solutions appropriate to any event. Improved Interfaces and Decision Support Improved interfaces and decision support amplify human decision-making, transforming grid operators and managers into knowledge workers. Near-zero wide area blackouts and greatly reduced local interruptions. Improved Reliability High-quality power for sensitive electronics and complex computer applications. Greater Consumer Control Options for consumers to manage their electricity use and costs. Access to Market The plug and play integration of renewables, distributed resources and control systems. Enhanced Security Improved resilience to attack, natural disasters and operator errors. Stronger Economy Annual savings of tens of billions of dollars from reduced interruptions, reduced congestion and reduced need to build expensive plants and lines. Slide 22 11