2018 Air Quality Annual Status Report (ASR)

Transcription

1 2018 Air Quality Annual Status Report (ASR) In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management June 2018 LAQM Annual Status Report 2018

2 Local Authority Officer Department Address Jon Tubby Communities & Environment Millshaw Park Way, Leeds LS11 0LS Telephone Report Reference number EH/EP/ASR2018 Date June 2018 LAQM Annual Status Report 2018

3 Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area Air Quality in Leeds City Council Air pollution is associated with a number of adverse health impacts. It is recognised as a contributing factor in the onset of heart disease and cancer. Additionally, air pollution particularly affects the most vulnerable in society: children and older people, and those with heart and lung conditions. There is also often a strong correlation with equalities issues, because areas with poor air quality are also often the less affluent areas 1,2. The annual health cost to society of the impacts of particulate matter alone in the UK is estimated to be around 16 billion 3. Air quality in the majority of the city, its suburbs and surrounding rural areas achieve the objectives contained in the UK AQ Regulations. Even at relatively short distances away from the busiest main roads, background levels well below the requirements of the regulations exist. Although there are six declared Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) along some of our major roads, measured nitrogen dioxide concentrations at these and other locations have generally shown improvements in recent years. The current AQMAs (shown in Appendix D) can also be seen on-line at Agenda Item 109 of: and in the full national list at Under the different assessment regime of the EU Directive on Air Quality, a part of Leeds not previously assessed under LAQM because of the absence of long-term public exposure (typically pavements alongside busy roads with no nearby residential uses) has led to an obligation on the Council to develop a Clean Air Zone (CAZ). To address the country s failure to comply with the EU Directive, regular discussions with officials of the Joint Air Quality Unit (JAQU) are continuing to determine the extent of measures necessary to achieve a satisfactory outcome to the issues identified in Leeds. A report was accepted by the Executive Board of the Council at the end of 2017 which contained draft proposals for a CAZ [and a consultation period 1 Environmental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status and respiratory health, Air quality and social deprivation in the UK: an environmental inequalities analysis, Defra. Abatement cost guidance for valuing changes in air quality, May 2013 LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 i

4 of eight weeks took place at the beginning of 2018]. The report can be viewed at Agenda Item 122 of: Actions to Improve Air Quality The AQMAs in the city are related primarily to nitrogen dioxide emissions associated with road transport and a number of proposals to target this source were proposed prior to the requirement to introduce a CAZ through encouragement of walking, cycling and the more widespread use of public transport Working with the four other West Yorkshire local authorities and the Public Transport division of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority (WYCA), a West Yorkshire Low Emission Strategy (WYLES) has been introduced. In addition, joint applications through WYCA for OLEV funding have been successful under the ULEV Taxi scheme to provide an EV charging point network and a Low Emission Bus retrofit scheme to reduce emissions. Leeds City Council has also received a major grant from DEFRA to help tackle highly polluting transport refrigeration units (TRUs) fitted to goods delivery vehicles. This will trial new technology form Dearman, testing zero-emissions refrigeration units that run on liquid nitrogen. It is estimated that in Leeds, TRUs emit 71 tonnes of nitrogen oxides and 9.5 tonnes of particulate matter each year. This project could lead to significant improvements, not just to Leeds air quality, but to other cities around the country. A table detailing measures already carried out and those proposed for the future to address the air quality issues within the city are shown in the main body of the report (at Table 2.2) and an updated Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) is being prepared to incorporate the existing proposals and those associated with the introduction of the CAZ Conclusions and Priorities The picture of air quality in Leeds is generally one of reducing pollutant concentrations. A number of schemes are proposed to improve public transport (and reduce their emissions) thereby reducing the need to bring private cars into the heart of the city. This in turn will have beneficial effects, further improving air quality within LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 ii

5 the CAZ and the declared AQMAs. Although revocation is not proposed immediately, results indicate that two of the current AQMAs appear to be achieving acceptable pollutant concentrations. The additional monitoring carried out, particularly to support the work around the CAZ has identified a small area where the hourly standard for nitrogen dioxide may be breached, but traffic management proposals referenced in the report are expected to address this concern. It is expected that the final proposals for the CAZ will be prepared following the consultation process and a combination of the associated updated AQAP and a cleaning of the fleet of vehicles within the city council area will achieve the requirements of both the CAZ and AQMAs. Local Engagement and How to get Involved Clean Air Leeds is the platform for Leeds air quality behaviour change campaign. The campaign is aimed at three key audiences: residents, schools and businesses. Its objective is to raise awareness of the things these groups can do to improve the quality of air we breathe. Reducing air pollution will require a city-wide effort, and even small anticipated changes in behaviour will have a significant positive impact on air quality. The campaign has built a following on social media, and was launched alongside the National Clean Air Day campaign in June Since its launch there has been engagement with schools through competitions, encouraging children to walk, cycle or park & stride to school, and we are have developed toolkits with activity packs that can be used by teachers. We have been providing businesses with one-to-one briefings to discuss how they can reduce air pollution or emissions through their fleet, supply chain, staff travel and heating. Residents have been communicated with, initially through the National Clean Air Day campaign, which has acted as a precursor to this three year behaviour change campaign, and more recently as part of the Clean Air Zone consultation which received over 8,500 responses from people who live and work in Leeds. This year, Clean Air Leeds are promoting the #5mileLeeds challenge, where they are encouraging everybody to reduce their journeys via car by 5 miles per week. This LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 iii

6 could be done by walking to the shop instead of driving, jumping on the bus to work twice a week, or making the most of the new bike share scheme in the city. Further information on the campaign can be found at or connect with the team on social media on Twitter, /CleanAirLeedsCC on Facebook, or alternatively by ing CleanAirLeeds@leeds.gov.uk LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 iv

7 Table of Contents Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area... i Air Quality in Leeds City Council... i Actions to Improve Air Quality... ii Conclusions and Priorities... ii Local Engagement and How to get Involved... iii 1 Local Air Quality Management Actions to Improve Air Quality Air Quality Management Areas Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in Leeds City Council PM 2.5 Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance Summary of Monitoring Undertaken Automatic Monitoring Sites Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites Individual Pollutants Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Particulate Matter (PM10) Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Appendix A: Monitoring Results Appendix B: Full Monthly Results for Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC Appendix D: Maps of AQMAs and Monitoring Locations Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England Glossary of Terms List of Tables Table 2.1 Declared Air Quality Management Areas... 3 Table 2.2 Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 v

8 1 Local Air Quality Management This report provides an overview of air quality in Leeds City Council during It fulfils the requirements of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) as set out in Part IV of the Environment Act (1995) and the relevant Policy and Technical Guidance documents. The LAQM process places an obligation on all local authorities to regularly review and assess air quality in their areas, and to determine whether or not the air quality objectives are likely to be achieved. Where an exceedance is considered likely the local authority must declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) setting out the measures it intends to put in place in pursuit of the objectives. This Annual Status Report (ASR) is an annual requirement showing the strategies employed by Leeds City Council to improve air quality and any progress that has been made. The statutory air quality objectives applicable to LAQM in England can be found in Table E.1 in Appendix E. LAQM Annual Status Report

9 2 Actions to Improve Air Quality 2.1 Air Quality Management Areas Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) are declared when there is an exceedance or likely exceedance of an air quality objective. After declaration, the authority must prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) within months setting out measures it intends to put in place in pursuit of compliance with the objectives. A summary of AQMAs declared by Leeds City Council can be found in Table 2.1. Further information related to declared or revoked AQMAs, including maps of AQMA boundaries are available online at Alternatively, see Appendix D: Maps of AQMAs. Plans 1 to 6 show maps of the individual AQMAs together with monitoring undertaken within or in their immediate vicinity. Plan 7 shows the whole Leeds City Council area with the location of diffusion tube monitoring undertaken during To address the issues raised by the AQMAs and to tackle the wider implications of a Clean Air Zone (CAZ) (see Section 2.2 below), a consultation process has been undertaken to consider various options to reduce pollutant concentrations generally, to the benefit of all residents. LAQM Annual Status Report

10 Table 2.1 Declared Air Quality Management Areas AQMA Name Ebor Gardens (AQMA 1/2017) Caspar Apartments (AQMA 2/2017) Date of Declaration Declared 1 July 2001; Amended 1 July 2010; Endorsed 1 July 2017 Declared 1 July 2001; Amended 1 July 2010; Endorsed 1 July 2017 Pollutants and Air Quality Objectives NO2 Annual Mean NO2 Annual Mean City / Town Leeds Leeds One Line Description An area encompassing a number of properties adjacent to the A64 at the eastern end of the Inner Ring Road. An area encompassing a block of properties adjacent to the A64 at the eastern end of the Inner Ring Road, surrounded by the slip road access from North Street. Is air quality in the AQMA influenced by roads controlled by Highways England? NO NO Level of Exceedance (maximum monitored/modelled concentration at a location of relevant exposure) At Declaration Now Name 46 (2010) 43 (2002) Initial declaration based on modelling µg/m3 42 µg/m3 µg/m3 31 µg/m3 Action Plan (1) Date of Publication Link LAQM Annual Status Report

11 AQMA Name The Normans (AQMA 3/2017) The Tilburys (AQMA 4/2017) Date of Declaration Declared 1 July 2010; Endorsed 1 July 2017 Declared 1 July 2010; Endorsed 1 July 2017 Pollutants and Air Quality Objectives NO2 Annual Mean NO2 Annual Mean City / Town Kirkstall, Leeds Leeds One Line Description An area encompassing a small number of properties at the ends of streets perpendicular and immediately adjacent to the A65 Abbey Road. An area encompassing a number of properties adjacent to the eastbound slip road of Junction 2 of the M621 and A653 Ingram Road Distributor Is air quality in the AQMA influenced by roads controlled by Highways England? NO YES Level of Exceedance (maximum monitored/modelled concentration at a location of relevant exposure) At Declaration Now Name 56 (2010) 44 (2010) µg/m3 45 µg/m3 µg/m3 34 µg/m3 Action Plan (1) Date of Publication Link LAQM Annual Status Report

12 AQMA Name Main Street, Pool-in- Wharfedale (AQMA 5/2017) Chapel Hill, Morley (AQMA 6/2017) Date of Declaration Declared 1 July 2017 Declared 1 July 2017 Pollutants and Air Quality Objectives NO2 Annual Mean NO2 Annual Mean City / Town Pool-in- Wharfedale Morley, Leeds One Line Description An area encompassing a number of properties in the immediate vicinity of the A658 Main Street An area encompassing a number of properties adjacent to a narrow, inclined road leading away from Morley town centre Is air quality in the AQMA influenced by roads controlled by Highways England? NO NO Level of Exceedance (maximum monitored/modelled concentration at a location of relevant exposure) At Declaration Now Name 59 (2016) 41 (2015) µg/m3 55 µg/m3 µg/m3 35 µg/m3 Action Plan (1) Date of Publication Link Leeds City Council confirms the information on UK-Air regarding their AQMA(s) is up to date Note: (1) Although an Air Quality Action Plan has been in place since 2004 and was informally updated to reflect ongoing proposals to improve air quality, a new AQAP is being prepared following the period of public consultation on the proposals to introduce a Clean Air Zone within the city. LAQM Annual Status Report

13 2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in Leeds City Council Defra s appraisal of last year s ASR confirmed that the report was well structured and contained all information required by the Guidance. A number of comments were offered in relation to the work surrounding the proposed CAZ and the associated additional monitoring that had been taking place. In addition, a request was made to link monitoring locations, where appropriate, with the AQMAs to which they relate. In particular, the appraisal included: The report is well structured, and provides the information specified in the Guidance using the latest ASR template. The following comments are designed to assist with future reports. 1. The latest ASR report has highlighted the ongoing work that is taking place, with regard to the development of a potential CAZ in Leeds. 2. This is reflected in the provision of additional monitoring data that will be used to inform the development of further options for the CAZ in conjunction with measures within an updated air quality action plan. 3. The new monitoring results are highlighting new areas of exceedances outside of current AQMAs, including a number of results above the hourly air quality objective for nitrogen dioxide. 4. These areas need to be assessed in relation to defining areas of relevant population exposure, for consideration as additional AQMAs when required, particularly where there may be relevant population exposures above 60ug/m 3 the indicator of potential hourly exceedance. 5. The ASR reports that AQMA2 and AQMA6 have been revoked, and two new AQMAs are declared for Pool-in-Wharfedale and Morley. 6. The details of these revocations and declarations, including copies of AQMA Orders and maps should be made available to Defra via the RSW portal, to update records. 7. It will be important to ensure that Defra are included in the statutory consultation for the new Action Plan, at the draft stage, including assessment for measures to address the proposed development of the CAZ. 8. In relation to reporting, it will be helpful if the monitoring locations can be clearly identified in relation to the AQMA s, to assist in interpreting the results. It is most LAQM Annual Status Report

14 helpful when results are labelled in relation to any AQMA they represent, and maps of AQMAs show clearly labelled monitoring sites, referenced to results tables. The majority of the actions suggested were already in hand and the presentation of monitoring results has been addressed in this report. Leeds City Council has taken forward a number of direct measures during the current reporting year of 2017 in pursuit of improving local air quality. Details of measures completed, in progress or planned are set out in Table 2.2. Following on from the earlier Executive Board reports referenced in the 2017 ASR, a further report was presented on 13 December 2017 outlining the proposals for a CAZ to address the issues relating to exceedance of the EU Directive on major roads within the city (albeit falling outside the LAQM requirements for AQMAs as there was no relevant public exposure). At that time, a public consultation period of eight weeks was proposed. [This went ahead in early 2018 when over 8,000 responses were received]. The 2017 report can be viewed at Agenda Item 122 of: In addition to previous proposals endorsed by the Council s Executive Board, the 2017 report put forward measures that would influence the development of the CAZ and with it, bring about reductions in pollution concentrations on a much wider basis than either the specific roads identified as exceeding the EU Directive requirements or the hot spot AQMAs. Together with a lengthy explanation of proposals to address emissions from the Hackney and Private Hire fleet, these included a commitment from First Bus to invest 71m to bring forward 284 Euro 6 buses by 2020, reducing their NOx emissions by 90%; as part of a new Leeds Public Transport Investment Programme (LPTIP), the development of integrated bus corridors to complement a programme of introduction and expansion of Park & Ride sites and a reworking of traffic flows and management in the South Bank and City Square area to deliver significant improvements in air quality (where monitoring has identified some locations where concentrations of nitrogen dioxide exceed of 60 µg/m 3 ); wider encouragement of ULEVs; smarter travel choices and opportunities for walking and cycling. LAQM Annual Status Report

15 The report also provided details on the progress of changes to the Council fleet including increases in the number of EVs in the coming year, subject to infrastructure provision and the procuring of a Compressed Natural Gas refuelling station for council and private fleet use. Leeds City Council anticipates that the measures in Table 2.2 and those developed to accompany the implementation of a Clean Air Zone will achieve compliance of the EU Directive and in the City s AQMAs. CleanAirLeeds Clean Air Leeds is the platform for Leeds air quality behaviour change campaign. The campaign is aimed at three key audiences: residents, schools and businesses. Its objective is to raise awareness of the things these groups can do to improve the quality of air we breathe. Reducing air pollution will require a city-wide effort, and even small anticipated changes in behaviour will have a significant positive impact on air quality. The campaign has built a following on social media, and was launched alongside the Clean Air Day campaign in June Since its launch there has been engagement with schools through competitions, encouraging children to walk, cycle or park & stride to school, and we are have developed toolkits with activity packs that can be used by teachers. We have been providing businesses with one-to-one briefings to discuss how they can reduce air pollution or emissions through their fleet, supply chain, staff travel and heating. Residents have been communicated with, initially through the Clean Air Day campaign, which has acted as a precursor to this three year behaviour change campaign. More recently the campaign was used to share news as part of the Clean Air Zone consultation which received over 8,500 responses from people who live and work in Leeds. This year, Clean Air Leeds are promoting the #5mileLeeds challenge, where they are encouraging everybody to reduce their journeys via car by 5 miles per week. This could be done by walking to the shop instead of driving, jumping on the bus to work twice a week, or making the most of the new bike share scheme in the city. LAQM Annual Status Report

16 Further information on the campaign can be found at or connect with the team on social media on Twitter, /CleanAirLeedsCC on Facebook, or alternatively by ing LAQM Annual Status Report

17 Table 2.2 Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation 1 2 Bus Lanes - linked to Quality Bus Initiatives/ Partnershi ps Guided busways Traffic Managem ent Transport Planning and Infrastruct ure Strategic highway improvements, Re-prioritising road space away from cars, including Access management, Selective vehicle priority, bus priority, high vehicle occupancy lane Bus route improvements Leeds City Council + West Yorkshire Combined Authority Leeds City Council for A65 QBI. Several other bus priority schemes have been adopted on major Leeds corridors A total of 3.5 kms of Guideways were built along appropriate sections of the A61, A64 & A63 corridors. The A61 route has benefitted from a fleet of hybrid buses since All Guideways benefit from other bus priority systems eg. AVL - A65 QBI is operating well, with reduced journey times & increased patronage Implementation ongoing Completed 2014 Completed All include AVL & other bus priority measures LAQM Annual Status Report

18 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation Bus lanes/gate s AVL - priority at traffic lights for buses Quality Contracts/ Partnershi ps Provision of hybrid buses (x35) in Leeds based fleet Retrofit technologi es - SCRT to 146 WYMetro buses Transport Planning and Infrastruct ure Transport Planning and Infrastruct ure Vehicle Fleet Efficiency Vehicle Fleet Efficiency Vehicle Fleet Efficiency Bus route improvements Bus route improvements Promoting Low Emission Public Transport Promoting Low Emission Public Transport Vehicle Retrofitting programmes Leeds City Council Leeds City Council West Yorkshire Combined Authority & Leeds City Council West Yorkshire Combined Authority West Yorkshire Combined Authority As for QBI On-going Not started Used on most transport corridors in Leeds eg. Guided bus On Going discussions with WYCA & relevant Bus Operators A total of 35 Hybrid buses are operational in the north & east of Leeds All Euro III and Euro IV buses retrofitted to meet Euro V+ emission standards Completed On-going - Additional Euro VI hybrid buses will be introduced on the Park and Ride Services in 2018 All Euro III buses (119) retrofitted N/A Ongoing LAQM Annual Status Report

19 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation 8 P+R sites 9 HOV lanes Alternativ es to private vehicle use Traffic Managem ent Bus based Park & Ride Strategic highway improvements, Re-prioritising road space away from cars, inc Access management, Selective vehicle priority, bus priority, high vehicle occupancy lane Leeds City Council Leeds City Council & 2011 Elland Rd P+R has capacity for 800 cars + 8 EV recharging points with proposal to accommodate further 800 cars Temple Green opened in June 2017 providing 1,000 spaces and EV charging points operating hybrid buses. King Lane has 155 spaces. Leeds set up the first HOV lane on the A647. This was followed by HOV lanes on Roundhay Road and the A63, which links the IRR with the A1/M1 Link road. Now three operational P+R sites with one more in planning phase N/A Proposed site on A61 in south Leeds (Stourton) Aspirations to find a suitable location for a P&R site in North Leeds. LAQM Annual Status Report

20 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation HGV lanes City Centre package Traffic Managem ent Traffic Managem ent Strategic highway improvements, Re-prioritising road space away from cars, inc Access management, Selective vehicle priority, bus priority, high vehicle occupancy lane Strategic highway improvements, Re-prioritising road space away from cars, inc Access management, Selective vehicle priority, bus priority, high vehicle occupancy lane Leeds City Council Leeds City Council The A63 HOV lane is also an HGV lane having easy access to the to M1 for the existing Industrial area + the proposed Leeds Enterprise Zone Redirecting all vehicles with the exception of buses and taxis away from City Square N/A 2021 LAQM Annual Status Report

21 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation City Centre North Bank A65 / Airport Link road New Rail Stations Traffic Managem ent Transport Planning and Infrastruct ure Transport Planning and Infrastruct ure Strategic highway improvements, Re-prioritising road space away from cars, inc Access management, Selective vehicle priority, bus priority, high vehicle occupancy lane Other Public transport improvementsinterchanges stations and services Leeds City Council Leeds City Council West Yorkshire Combined Authority Improved access for users of Leeds Bradford Airport from major road network The construction of 2 new rail stations (Apperly Bridge & Kirkstall Forge) on the electrified Airedale /Wharfedale line. Will include 2 P&R sites with 400 spaces Three proposals under consideration Completed in Proposals being considered for 3 additional rail stations as part of 173m transport fund LAQM Annual Status Report

22 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation 15 Improved access to rail use 16 HS2/HS3 17 Incentives to promote LEVs + ULEVs Transport Planning and Infrastruct ure Transport Planning and Infrastruct ure Promoting Low Emission Transport Public transport improvementsinterchanges stations and services Public transport improvementsinterchanges stations and services Other West Yorkshire Combined Authority Leeds City Council, West Yorkshire Combined Authority & Dept for Transport Leeds City Council , very early feasibility stage Not known yet Construction of a new Southern Entrance to Leeds rail station. Northern Rail constructed a cycle point at Leeds, capable of storing up to 300 cycles. Proposed high speed Leeds to London route, with likely journey time reduced to 1hr 22 mins & speeds designed for 225 mph A range of incentives are being developed to promote EV's & hybrid cars/taxis. Will include reduced parking costs, free EV recharging, etc. Completed in 2015 Free parking for ULEVs registered to Leeds Residents introduced during 2016 Planned for approx Car Parking charges Traffic Managem ent Emission based parking or permit charges Leeds City Council As for 17 As for 17 LAQM Annual Status Report

23 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation Leeds & Bradford City Connect Superhigh way Cycling & pedestrian routes Travel awarenes s campaign s 22 Bikeability 23 Leeds City Car Club - with increasing use of ULEVs Transport Planning and Infrastruct ure Transport Planning and Infrastruct ure Promoting Travel Alternativ es Promoting Travel Alternativ es Alternativ es to private vehicle use Cycle network Cycle network Promotion of cycling Car Clubs Leeds City Council Leeds City Council Leeds CC + W Yorks Districts Leeds City Council Leeds CC + W Yorks Districts onwards Approx Approx On Going On Going on 20m Govt. funding for 23kms of segregated cycle & pedestrian tracks, between east Leeds & Bradford CC A range of initiatives & campaigns take place on an annual basis, managed by a specialist LCC & W Yorks Team Specialist Team provides cycle training to all primary schools Numerous sites in Leeds. Approx. 50 cars are available to Leeds City Car Club members Awarded additional 22m funding to develop further cycle paths & supporting measures across W Yorks, Cycle route development in city centre + Pedestrian crossing reviews on going. Cycle lane on Kirkstall Road EV trialled in Leeds Car Club but removed after 12 months due to practical issues for CC Superhighway & on going for numerous other schemes Ongoing schemes, funded by LTP & by successful CCAG funding N/A N/A Ongoing Leeds to Bradford cycle highway open. Leeds to Seacroft cycle highway in progress LAQM Annual Status Report

24 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation Car Sharing School, workplace and residential travel plans Personalis ed travel plans Alternativ es to private vehicle use Promoting Travel Alternativ es Promoting Travel Alternativ es Car & lift sharing schemes Workplace Travel Planning Personalised Travel Planning Leeds CC + W Yorks Districts Leeds City Council Leeds City Council Approx Approx On On On LCC corporate car sharing + the W Yorks Travel Plan Network have a large & growing database for car sharing 278 schools (98%) of schools have tailored Travel Plans, 49 of which are monitored annually & 15 are 'accredited schools'. Links with Corporate & W Yorks Travel Plans Sustrans school officers have developed bespoke Travel plans across various organisations Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing LAQM Annual Status Report

25 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation New UTMC system to promote smooth/fre e-flowing traffic Intelligent Transport systems (eg Variable message signs) Speed Managem ent (Active speed managem ent signs) Exemplar local authority - Liquid gas (CNG/LB M) vehicles; hybrid vans; electric 'panel' vans Traffic Managem ent Traffic Managem ent Traffic Managem ent Promoting Low Emission Transport UTC, Congestion management, traffic reduction UTC, Congestion management, traffic reduction UTC, Congestion management, traffic reduction Procuring alternative Refuelling infrastructure to promote Low Emission Vehicles, EV recharging, Gas fuel recharging Leeds City Council Leeds City Council Leeds City Council Leeds City Council A new TMS is now operational that has improved traffic flow & reduced disruption. This system continues to be extended and is backed up with CCTV cameras at over 200 sites To install 20 VMS's across Leeds at appropriate locations, to advise motorists of disruption 50 Vehicle Activated Signs have been set up in appropriate sites across Leeds Number of fleet vehicles switched to LEV / Alternative fuel technology This system has been further improved across Leeds 28 VMS now installed with 6 more planned in 2018 Additional VAS's are likely 43 EVs, 20 Hybrids and 7 CNG vehicles in fleet with 51 further EVs on order. 90 EV chargepoints installed in Council depots 2025 LAQM Annual Status Report

26 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation Developm ent of public EV recharging network (fast and rapid) EV recharging in residential and commerci al premises conditione d through planning Shift of LA Refuse Collection fleet to CNG/LBM ; gas refuelling infrastruct ure Hybrid taxi/privat e hire project Developm ent of hydrogen bus feasibility project Promoting Low Emission Transport Policy Guidance and Developm ent Control Promoting Low Emission Transport Promoting Low Emission Transport Promoting Low Emission Transport Procuring alternative Refuelling infrastructure to promote Low Emission Vehicles, EV recharging, Gas fuel recharging Other policy Procuring alternative Refuelling infrastructure to promote Low Emission Vehicles, EV recharging, Gas fuel recharging Taxi emission incentives Public Vehicle Procurement - Prioritising uptake of low emission vehicles West Yorkshire Combined Authority Leeds City Council Leeds City Council Leeds City Council/ ITS Leeds University Leeds City Council onwards Rapid EV Chargers Installed on strategic WY network, of which 8 will be in Leeds Increasing No. of EV charge points installed on new developments No. of additional CNG Refuse Collection Vehicles (RCV) entering the fleet Penetration of hybrid vehicles into licensed fleet Soft market test completed and due to procure a delivery partner for a West Yorkshire public charging network in July 2018 Around 100 EV charge points installed. Over 1000 EV Charge points conditioned. Business case completed for the roll out of CNG RCVs. Tender released for construction of a large scale CNG station Over 700 hybrid or plug in hybrid vehicles registered in the Leeds HC & PH fleet Project terminated due to local bus companies choosing not to take part locally (project completion but ongoing 'education' role) N/A LAQM Annual Status Report

27 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation Liquid Air' technolog y applicatio ns & trials on buses & refrigerate d transport units in Leeds Eco driving technique s - SAFED courses Access to and advanced booking of all EV recharging points using Public Transport Smart Card Smart EV energy use through dynamic charging system Vehicle Fleet Efficiency Vehicle Fleet Efficiency Promoting Low Emission Transport Promoting Low Emission Transport Vehicle Retrofitting programmes Fleet efficiency and recognition schemes Other Other Leeds City Council Leeds City Council West Yorkshire Combined Authority West Yorkshire Combined Authority onwards The Dearman Engine Company have received Govt. funding to develop & trial zero emission Heat Hybrid bus units & zero emission Transport Refrigeration Units (TRUs), working with local Bus & Supermarket operators in Leeds A prototype Liquid Air TRU and refuelling station now in use in demonstration project in Leeds replacing highly polluting unregulated diesel TRU's. Drive-cycle on bus routes are currently being monitored, prior to trialling Heat Hybrid buses on various routes in Leeds. Part of a continued CPC driver training obligations Expression of Interest to participate in the GUL City Bid submitted Expression of Interest to participate in the GUL City Bid submitted 2018 onwards Ongoing 2020 Bid Failed. Remains aspiration Bid failed. Progressing project through alternative funding. LAQM Annual Status Report

28 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation Scrappag e scheme to incentivise ULEV uptake ULEV purchase incentives for employee s Promoting Low Emission Transport Promoting Low Emission Transport Other Other West Yorkshire Combined Authority West Yorkshire Combined Authority Expression of Interest to participate in the GUL City Bid submitted Expression of Interest to participate in the GUL City Bid submitted Bid failed. Progressing idea through alternative CAZ related funding bid Bid failed. Exploring alternative funding options 42 Free city centre parking Promoting Low Emission Transport Priority parking for LEV's Leeds City Council Implemented 2016 ongoing Introduced for ULEVs registered to Leeds Residents Trybeforeyou-buy' EV fleet to encourage uptake Expansion of ULEV fleet in Car Club vehicles A ULEV apprentice ship programm e to skill vehicle repairers and servicing staff Promoting Low Emission Transport Promoting Low Emission Transport Promoting Low Emission Transport Other Other Other West Yorkshire Combined Authority West Yorkshire Combined Authority West Yorkshire Combined Authority Expression of Interest to participate in the GUL City Bid submitted Expression of Interest to participate in the GUL City Bid submitted Expression of Interest to participate in the GUL City Bid submitted 2016 / 2017 N/A Bid failed. Exploring alternative funding options Bid failed. Short term EV trial ended due to practical issues. Bid failed LAQM Annual Status Report

29 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation West Yorkshire Transport Emissions Group (WYTEG) West Yorkshire Low Emission Strategy (WYLES) Leeds LEZ Feasibility Study ULEV Taxi project Promoting Low Emission Transport Promoting Low Emission Transport Promoting Low Emission Transport Promoting Low Emission Transport Other Other Other Procuring alternative Refuelling infrastructure to promote Low Emission Vehicles, EV recharging, Gas fuel recharging Other Leeds City Council & West Yorkshire Combined Authority Bradford + all W Yorks Districts + WYCA LCC & Bradford joint study, funded by DEFRA Initially set up to advise on various elements of the 2001 LTP Strategic Environme ntal Assessme nt WYCA and LCC , the life span of the W Yorks LTP 2014/15 Feasibility study completed in 2014 EST feasibility report completed and OLEV funding awarded 2017 WYTEG has continued to provide advice to the W Yorks LTP on Air Quality, Climate Change mitigation & resilience, Noise & ULEVs /fuels etc. To develop an overarching West Yorkshire Low Emission Strategy. Final draft completed September Joint working with Bradford provided excellent value for supporting HIA report & for the EcIA report Roll out of dedicated ULEV Taxi charge points and uptake of ULEV taxis WYTEG currently disbanded with but advice given through the West Yorkshire Low Emission Strategy steering group Strategy has been endorsed by West Yorkshire district councils Numerous scenarios have been assessed, emissions apportionment has identified which vehicle types need greater mitigation eg, Buses inside IRR Initial survey work completed and ready to go out to tender for charge point provision July 2018 Ongoing Task & Finish LTP emission projects onwards Leeds LEZ Feasibility Study report approved by Executive Board Dec Input from Transport and Health Group led by Public Health England Work is ongoing to set up district wide lead officer to oversee implementation of WYLES measures across West Yorkshire. Works stalled due to CAZ requirements. However lessons learned from this will feed in to district wide LEZ policy. Identifying suitable and affordable locations and agreeing acceptable access agreements LAQM Annual Status Report

30 Measure No. Measure EU Category EU Classification Organisations involved and Funding Source Planning Phase Implementation Phase Key Performance Indicator Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure (a) Progress to Date Estimated / Actual Completion Date Comments / Barriers to implementation Introductio n of SCOOT UTM system BUS18 strategy LPTIP bus corridor improvem ent Traffic Managem ent Promoting Low Emission Transport Traffic Managem ent UTC, Congestion management, traffic reduction Other Strategic highway improvements, Re-prioritising road space away from cars, inc Access management, Selective vehicle priority, bus priority, high vehicle occupancy lane LCC with funding from the National Productivity Improvement Fund WYCA and Bus companies WYCA, LCC and DfT funding onwards Increase bus patronage through improved journey experiences including congestion relief and improved ticketing Increase bus patronage through improved journey experiences including congestion relief and improved ticketing Work on site due to start 2018 Improved Real-time journey information and bus shelters being rolled out Corridor bus priority schemes in final design stage Congestion relief schemes aimed to be completed by 2019 Funded through the 173m transport fund. Timescales are challenging. 53 Clean Air Zone implement ation Promoting Low Emission Transport Other LCC with funding from Defra and DfT Achieve compliance with EU AQD Working towards submitting final business case in September Resources and timescale (a) In relation to the Reduction in Pollutant/Emission from Measure column, all are intended to have a positive benefit in the Council s efforts to tackle traffic emissions across the whole of the city, reducing the highest pollution levels where they occur and reducing background concentrations elsewhere. LAQM Annual Status Report

31 2.3 PM2.5 Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations As detailed in Policy Guidance LAQM.PG16 (Chapter 7), local authorities are expected to work towards reducing emissions and/or concentrations of PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less). There is clear evidence that PM2.5 has a significant impact on human health, including premature mortality, allergic reactions, and cardiovascular diseases. Leeds City Council is taking the following measures to address PM2.5: There are a number of sources of PM2.5 particles, many of which relate to traffic and transportation. Tailpipe emissions from diesel vehicles have been identified as a major source in the past but others, including brake, clutch and tyre wear all contribute to the overall burden as well as re-suspension from the road surface in the wake of a moving vehicle. Although tyre wear and re-suspension will prove difficult to tackle, hybrid and full electric vehicles deliver reduced emissions from tailpipes and clutch use while also benefiting from regenerative braking systems. A number of the measures described in Table 2.2 above seek to reduce the more polluting vehicle types, while increasing the proportion of ULEVs, the use of Park & Ride sites and car clubs esp. with ULEVs, the prevalence of car sharing, the smoothing of traffic flows etc. while encouraging the uptake of healthier travel options such as cycling and walking. Measures to reduce and control PM2.5 emissions will continue although it is noted (and reported in Appendix A.7) that both AURN monitoring sites in Leeds (Leeds Centre and Headingley kerbside) that measure PM2.5 recorded annual mean concentrations of 10 µg/m 3 in 2017 the guideline value published by the WHO. LAQM Annual Status Report

32 3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance 3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken As was reported in the 2017 ASR, following the issues that had arisen around compliance with the EU Directive and the specific interpretation to avoid exceedances of the 40 µg/m 3 annual mean standard for nitrogen dioxide in locations where the public have access (as opposed to exposure for a relevant period), a number of additional monitoring sites were established to support this work. In the course of the last year, further monitoring locations were adopted to assist the modelling process associated with the EU Directive compliance issue (and development of the CAZ proposals). Although monitoring was proposed to cease at many of the locations where results had indicated acceptable concentrations of annual mean NO2, the importance of the results to the team carrying out the modelling work associated with the CAZ and in particular, their use in model verification led to a continued presence at a number of locations. In addition to the monitoring associated with the current AQMAs, a number of other monitoring surveys were commenced to support the work of the Council - the bus corridor and associated schemes under the LPTIP (see section 2.2 above), baseline surveys to determine the effect on air quality of proposed 20 mph zones and to investigate fears raised in the press in relation to public exposure at schools and nurseries within 150 metres of major roads amongst others. While the full listing of monitored results are shown in Appendix A.3.a, a second similar table is included at Appendix A.3.b that presents grouped results of the major surveys. Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites in the vicinity of individual AQMAs and a map of the city showing more generally the areas where monitoring was undertaken during the year are provided in Appendix D Automatic Monitoring Sites This section sets out what monitoring has taken place and how it compares with objectives. Automatic (continuous) monitoring was undertaken at 11 sites during 2017 in the Leeds City Council district. Nine of the sites were operated exclusively by the city LAQM Annual Status Report

33 council while one is part of the Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN) and the other an affiliated site owned by the city council but with results accepted into the national network. Two different sites appear in the listing compared with 2016 monitoring a relocated (but very similar) site at the Normans AQMA and a new site at Bishopgate Street, close to City Square where high hourly results were suspected following earlier diffusion tube monitoring. Monitoring at the Queen Street, Morley AQMA (which was revoked in 2017) ceased towards the end of 2016 as acceptable NO2 concentrations had been achieved. Table A.1 in Appendix A shows the details of all the sites operational in National monitoring results are available under the Data Archive tab at where a full data set from the Leeds Centre site is available (monitoring includes NOx/NO2, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, CO, O3 and benzene). Full data from the Headingley Kerbside site (NOx/NO2, PM10 and PM2.5) is also available on this site. The Council maintains its own TEOM at the Corn Exchange site to monitor PM10 and VCM adjusted results are included in Tables A.5 and A.6. Further details on how the monitors are calibrated and how the data has been adjusted are included in Appendix C Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites Leeds City Council undertook non-automatic (passive) monitoring of NO2 at 172 sites during Table A.2 in Appendix A shows the details of the sites where greater than 25% data capture was achieved. Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D as described above. Further details on Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) for the diffusion tubes, including bias adjustments and other adjustments applied e.g. annualisation and/or distance correction where necessary, are included in Appendix C. 3.2 Individual Pollutants The air quality monitoring results presented in this section are, where relevant, adjusted for bias, annualisation and distance correction. Further details on adjustments are provided in Appendix C. LAQM Annual Status Report

34 3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Table A.3 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored NO2 annual mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m 3. The table is presented in two parts: Table A.3.a lists all the 2017 results while those in Table A.3.b have been arranged by AQMAs and major projects and investigations. The majority of results show that pollutant concentrations are decreasing and with the developing proposals to address the requirements of compliance with the EU Directive and the updated AQAP, it is anticipated that these will result in the revocation of the city s AQMAs. For diffusion tubes, the full 2017 dataset of monthly mean values is provided in Appendix B. Table A.5 in Appendix A compares the ratified continuous monitored NO2 hourly mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 200µg/m 3, not to be exceeded more than 18 times per year. The Bishopgate Street site (A21) was established as close as reasonably practicable to the elevated results obtained on the north side of the tunnel/bridge with the rail station platforms and station approach above. Two hours exceeding the 200µg/m 3 objective were recorded in Particulate Matter (PM10) Table A.6 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored PM10 annual mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m 3. Table A.7 in Appendix A compares the ratified continuous monitored PM10 daily mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 50µg/m 3, not to be exceeded more than 35 times per year. There have been no breaches of either of these objectives for many years Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Table A.8 in Appendix A presents the ratified and adjusted monitored annual mean concentrations for the past 5 years at the two sites in Leeds where PM2.5 is monitored. LAQM Annual Status Report

35 Although there are no objectives contained in LAQM regulations for this pollutant, exposure reduction will have health benefits for the whole population. Concentrations have been reducing and in 2017 the WHO guideline of 10 µg/m 3 was achieved at both the Leeds Centre and Headingley Kerbside sites Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Table A.9 in Appendix A compares the ratified continuous monitored SO2 concentrations for 2017 with the air quality objectives for SO2. Although air quality issues around SO2 were confidently dismissed more than ten years ago, monitoring of this pollutant continues at the Leeds Centre site to inform the national network. There have been no breaches of any of the objectives applying to this pollutant. LAQM Annual Status Report

36 Appendix A: Monitoring Results Table A.1 Details of Automatic Monitoring Sites Site ID A1 A2 A3 A6 A9 Site Name Leeds Centre (AURN) Corn Exchange Headingley (AURN Affiliated) Haslewood Close Jack Lane, Hunslet Site Type Urban Centre X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Kerbside Kerbside Pollutants Monitored NO2; PM10; PM2.5; (+SO2; CO; O3 ) NO2; PM10 NO2; PM10; PM2.5 In AQMA? NO NO NO Monitoring Technique Chemiluminescent FDMS Chemiluminescent TEOM (VCM) Chemiluminescent FDMS Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) Inlet Height (m) N/A N/A (1hr NO2) NO2 YES Chemiluminescent NO2 NO Chemiluminescent N/A A17 Kirkstall Rd NO2 NO Chemiluminescent N/A A18 A19 A20 A21 Temple Newsam Tilbury Terrace International Pool Bishopgate Street Other NO2 NO Chemiluminescent N/A N/A NO2 YES Chemiluminescent NO2 NO Chemiluminescent 1 (1hr NO2) NO2 NO Chemiluminescent 1 (1hr NO2) A22 Abbey Road NO2 YES Chemiluminescent LAQM Annual Status Report

37 Notes: (1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on the façade of a residential property). (2) N/A if not applicable. LAQM Annual Status Report

38 Table A.2 Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites Site ID Site Name Site Type D2 (A3) D6 (A6) D7 (A6) D8 D9 D17 D19 D20 D24 D26 (A1) D27 (A1) D28 (A1) D31 D35 D43 Headingley (Affiliated) Haslewood Close, Wall corner (R) Haslewood Close, Wall corner (L) Haslewood Close Gable Haslewood Close facing open area 19/20 Ladybeck Cl (rear) DP Ladybeck Reception (rear) 25 Ladybeck Cl, rear block (side) West Street Car Park Leeds Centre AURN (L) Leeds Centre AURN (R) Leeds Centre AURN (M) Railway Terrace, East Ardsley 110 Jack Lane, Hunslet 82 New Road Side, Horsforth X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 1 YES NO2 YES NO2 YES 0 7 (to A64) 7 (to A64) Height (m) YES 3.3 YES NO2 YES 0 8 NO NO2 YES 0 27 NO NO2 YES 0 13 NO NO2 YES 0 14 NO NO2 YES 0 Urban Centre Urban Centre Urban Centre Urban Centre 6 (to A64) NO NO2 NO N/A 25 NO NO2 NO N/A 30 YES NO2 NO N/A 30 YES NO2 NO N/A 30 YES NO2 NO 0 14 (to M62) NO NO2 NO 0 7 NO NO2 NO 0 1 NO 2.4 LAQM Annual Status Report

39 Site ID Site Name Site Type D44 D45 D46 D48 D52 D53 D59 (A2) D60 (A17) 253 New Road Side, Horsforth 2 Norman Row, pipe, Kirkstall 4 De Lacey Mount, Kirkstall 2 Haddon Place, Kirkstall 78 Selby Rd, Garforth LP 1 Gilbert Mount, Kirkstall Corn Exchange Kirkstall Rd/ Woodside Terr. X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? NO2 NO 0 2 NO NO2 NO 0 2 NO NO2 NO 0 7 NO NO2 NO 0 3 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO 0 2 NO NO2 NO 0 Urban Centre 17 (to A65) Height (m) NO NO2 NO 0 1 YES NO2 NO 0 5 YES 2.7 D68 (A9) Jack Lane GH NO2 NO N/A D70 D74 Ladysmith Workwear, Easy Road Norman Street, Kirkstall Rd LP 5 (to A61) YES NO2 NO 0 7 NO NO2 NO 0 12 NO 2.4 D York Road NO2 NO 0 8 NO 2.4 D105 D Selby Rd, Garforth 107 Bradford Rd, Otley Kerbside NO2 NO 0 4 NO NO2 NO 0 3 NO 2.4 D Westgate, Otley NO2 NO 0 2 NO 2.4 D114 8 Main Street, Pool NO2 NO 0 2 NO 2.4 LAQM Annual Status Report

40 Site ID Site Name Site Type D118 D120 D121 D122 1 Rein Road, Morley 2 Chapel Hill, Morley adj 32 Otley Road, Headingley North Street, LS2 (o/s Northern Intelligence) X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? NO2 NO 0 2 NO NO2 NO 0 2 NO NO2 NO 0 2 NO NO2 NO 0 2 NO 2.4 D123 Victoria Avenue NO2 NO 0 D Tilbury Terrace NO2 YES 0 D East Park Parade 15 (to A64) 17 (to M621) Height (m) NO 2.4 NO NO2 NO 0 2 NO 2.4 D135 Gotts Road (L) NO2 NO N/A D136 Gotts Road (R) NO2 NO N/A D137 D144 D149 D Bradford Rd, Thornbury Railway Terrace, East Ardsley LP Tilbury Row new tube Sunbeam Terrace, 2 Bradford Road, Tingley 7 (to A58M) 7 (to A58M) NO 2.4 NO NO2 NO 0 4 NO NO2 NO 0 Kerbside NO2 YES 0 12 (to M62) 35 (to M621 on-slip) NO 2.4 NO NO2 NO 0 5 NO 2.4 LAQM Annual Status Report

41 Site ID Site Name Site Type D153 D154 3 Oban Terrace, Bradford Road, Tingley The Brambles, Bradford Road, Tingley X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? NO2 NO 0 10 NO NO2 NO 0 27 NO 2.4 D155 9 Ladybeck Close NO2 YES 0 12 NO 2.4 D Faroe (off Gotts Road) Urban Background NO2 NO 0 N/A NO D Leadwell Lane NO2 NO 0 3 NO 2.4 D163 (A20) D164 International Pool NO2 NO N/A 5 YES 1.5 International Pool Car Park NO2 NO N/A 5 NO 2.4 D165 Yorkshire Post NO2 NO N/A 9 NO 2.4 D166 Gotts Rd Exit NO2 NO N/A 6 NO 2.4 D167 Graingers Way NO2 NO N/A 6 NO 2.4 D168 Spence Lane NO2 NO N/A 9 NO 2.4 D169 Arco NO2 NO N/A 19 NO 2.4 D170 Canal Place NO2 NO N/A 7 NO 2.4 D171 Harley Davidson NO2 NO N/A 10 NO 2.4 D172 Fountain Street NO2 NO N/A 23 NO 2.4 D176 D177 Wattle Syke, Collingham Half Moon, Collingham Kerbside NO2 NO 7 2 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO 0 8 NO 2.4 Height (m) 10th Floor LAQM Annual Status Report

42 Site ID Site Name Site Type D178 D179 D180 D181 D182 D183 D184 D186 D187 City Sq TL (SW o/s Queens Hotel) City Sq TL (SW o/s Majestic) City Square (north side) City Sq TL (SE Boar Ln side) City Sq TL (SE o/s Queens Hotel) Neville St TL (NW tunnel exit) Neville St TL (NE tunnel entrance) Neville St Bus Stop (SE tunnel exit) Neville St Pipe (SW tunnel entrance) X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 1 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 1 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 1 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 1 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 1 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 1 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 1 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 1 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 3 NO 2.4 D189 Kirkstall Lane NO2 NO 7 2 NO 2.4 D190 D191 D192 D193 D194 8 Carlton Moor Mews, Sharp Ln LP Skyliner Apartments Rentals St Peter's Square /Duke St LP Opp Millgarth Police Stn site 5 Wattle Syke, Collingham NO2 NO 3 2 NO NO2 NO 13 1 NO NO2 NO N/A 1 NO NO2 NO N/A 1 NO NO2 NO 0 11 NO 2.4 D Elland Road NO2 NO 0 15 NO 2.4 Height (m) LAQM Annual Status Report

43 Site ID Site Name Site Type D196 D197 (A21) 120 Park Road, Guiseley X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? NO2 NO 0 7 NO 2.4 Bishopgate Street NO2 NO N/A 3 YES 1.5 D198 Norman Row gable NO2 YES 0 2 NO 3 D199 D200 D201 D202 D203 Knowsthorpe Gate met station New Station Street LP 1 New Station Street LP 2 57 Royston Hill, East Ardsley Telegraph post, Main St, Pool Industrial NO2 NO N/A 25 NO NO2 NO N/A 5 NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO NO2 NO 0 3 NO NO2 YES 1 1 NO 2.4 D Farnham Close Suburban NO2 NO 0 14 NO 1.8 D205 D206 D Bradford Rd, East Ardsley 52 Bradford Rd, East Ardsley 24 Royston Hill, East Ardsley NO2 NO 0 6 NO NO2 NO 0 4 NO NO2 NO 0 5 NO 2.4 D208 Pool Hall Cottage Other NO2 YES 0 7 NO 1.8 D209 D210 D211 Old School House, Pool White Hart PH, Pool Pool Bank New Road NO2 YES 3 2 NO NO2 YES N/A 2 NO NO2 NO 9 2 NO 2.4 Height (m) LAQM Annual Status Report

44 Site ID Site Name Site Type D213 D214 D215 D216 D217 D218 D219 D220 D221 D222 D223 D224 D225 D226 Leeds Rail Station Platform 7/8 Leeds Rail Station Platform 9/11 TP nr Image Studio, Chapel Hill LP o/s Peking Express, Chapel Hill Brunswick St, Morley opp No. 19 Chapel Allerton Sch on main building Chapel Allerton Sch playground on fence Churchwood Road Lawnswood TP 5 Spen Road LP No 4 19 Spen Road LP No 15 o/s Thornlea Court, West Park Drive Weston Ln Otley - LP opp no 95 Weston Ln Otley - LP o/s no 11 Bus stop at 42 Weston Ln Otley X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? Other NO2 NO N/A N/A NO 2.4 Other NO2 NO N/A N/A NO NO2 YES 1 3 NO NO2 YES 1 2 NO NO2 YES 1 1 NO 2.4 Urban Background Height (m) NO2 NO 0 27 NO NO2 NO 0 4 NO NO2 NO N/A 2 NO NO2 NO N/A 1 NO NO2 NO N/A 1 NO NO2 NO N/A 1 NO NO2 NO N/A 2 NO NO2 NO N/A 2 NO NO2 NO N/A 1 NO 2.4 LAQM Annual Status Report

45 Site ID Site Name Site Type D227 D228 D229 D230 D231 D232 D233 D234 D235 D236 D237 D238 Weston Dr Otley - LP o/s no 7b Weston Dr Otley - LP o/s no 78 Weston Dr Otley - LP o/s no 150 Kids Utd nursery NE play area on building Kids Utd nursery NE play area on fence Kids Utd nursery South play area on fence Hunslet nursery on veranda Hunslet nursery on tree in play area Caspar Apartments LP at entrance Caspar Apartments 1st veranda pole Caspar Apartments last veranda pole (closest to IRR) Bus station in middle on pole X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? NO2 NO N/A 2 NO NO2 NO N/A 2 NO NO2 NO N/A 2 NO 2.4 Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Height (m) NO2 NO 0 84 NO NO2 NO 0 75 NO NO2 NO NO NO2 NO NO NO2 NO NO NO2 YES 14 3 NO NO2 YES 0 17 NO NO2 YES 0 19 NO 2.1 Other NO2 NO N/A N/A NO 2.4 LAQM Annual Status Report

46 Site ID Site Name Site Type D239 D240 D241 D242 D243 D244 D245 D246 D247 D248 D249 Whitkirk 1 LP at jct Grove Rd/Jean Ave Whitkirk 2 LP opp 147 New Templegate Whitkirk 3 LP o/s 112 New Templegate Whitkirk 4 LP at jct New Templegate/Temple Park Green Whitkirk 5 LP o/s 48/50 Temple Gate Whitkirk 6 LP o/s 26/28 Temple Gate Sovereign Street LP in front of green 81 Aberford Rd Woodlesford DP AECOM on door facia rear of building Emovis 3rd Floor office window frame Amazing Grace EY Centre adj play area X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? NO2 NO N/A 2 NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO NO2 NO 0 2 NO NO2 NO N/A 6 NO NO2 NO N/A 17 NO 6 Urban Background Height (m) NO2 NO 0 42 NO 1.5 LAQM Annual Status Report

47 Site ID Site Name Site Type D250 D251 D252 D253 D254 D255 D256 D260 D261 D263 D264 D265 Amazing Grace EY Centre car park entrance Jimbos nursery on LP nearest road (A64) Jimbos nursery on LP next to play area Footpath on A64 side of La Coccinelle nursery La Coccinelle nursery, side gate Leeds Uni Woodhouse lane LS6 union Leeds Uni Woodhouse lane LS6 Wellington Place LP Quayside Hse, Canal Wharf LP B&B Wakefield Road TP First Direct Wakf'd Rd LP at entrance Thwaite Gate LP o/s Skoda Garage X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? NO2 NO 0 58 NO NO2 NO 0 10 NO 2.1 Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Height (m) NO2 NO 0 30 NO NO2 NO 3 60 NO NO2 NO 0 75 NO NO2 NO N/A 60 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 1 NO NO2 NO N/A 68 (to A65 / Wellington St) NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO 2.4 Kerbside NO2 NO N/A 0 NO NO2 NO N/A 2 NO 2.4 LAQM Annual Status Report

48 Site ID Site Name Site Type D266 D267 D268 D269 D270 D271 D272 D273 D274 D275 D276 D Rocheford Gardens Low Rd LP opp Dental surgery Low Rd LP o/s Suzuki Garage LP o/s 1 Whitfield Way Hunslet Rd cycle/pedestrian sign Hunslet Rd/Brookf'ld Terr LP Hunslet Rd/Black Bull St LP inb'd Hunslet Rd/Black Bull St LP outb'd TP o/s 155 Belle Isle Rd LP o/s 96 Belle Isle Rd LP adj 1 Middlecroft Close LP adj 2 Highlands Grove X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? NO2 NO 0 15 NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO NO2 NO N/A 4 NO NO2 NO 3 19 NO NO2 NO N/A 2 NO NO2 NO N/A 1 NO NO2 NO N/A 2 NO NO2 NO N/A 2 NO NO2 NO 8 3 NO NO2 NO 8 2 NO NO2 NO 10 2 NO NO2 NO 12 3 NO 2.4 D Scott Hall Road NO2 NO 0 16 NO 2.4 D279 D280 28a Hallfield Cres, Wetherby 23 Netherdale Court, Wetherby NO2 NO 0 19 NO NO2 NO 0 12 NO 2.4 Height (m) LAQM Annual Status Report

49 Site ID Site Name Site Type D281 D282 D283 (A22) 1 Boston Road, Wetherby 12 Boston Road, Wetherby Abbey Rd / Norman St X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? NO2 NO 0 2 NO NO2 NO 0 2 NO NO2 YES 1 2 YES 1.5 D284 3 Leeds Road LS NO2 NO 0 6 NO 2.1 D285 D286 D287 D288 D290 D291 D Leeds Road LS Ring Road Wortley Int'l Pool LP in Car Park Int'l Pool overbridge LP Yorks Post slip road to IRR (Sth) Gotts Road adj to R Aire and hsg Yorks Post slip road to IRR (Nth) NO2 NO 0 7 NO NO2 NO 0 11 NO NO2 NO N/A 17 NO NO2 NO N/A 10 NO NO2 NO N/A 1 NO NO2 NO N/A 75 NO NO2 NO N/A 3 NO 2.4 D293 Wellington Street NO2 NO N/A 3 NO 2.4 D294 D295 D296 D297 Park Lane/IRR overbridge (South) Joseph's Well/IRR LP (North) Joseph's Well/IRR LP (South) Park Lane/IRR overbridge (North) NO2 NO N/A 5 NO NO2 NO N/A 4 NO NO2 NO N/A 4 NO NO2 NO N/A 5 NO 2.4 Height (m) LAQM Annual Status Report

50 Site ID Site Name Site Type D298 Notes: Adj. IRR/Fountain St slip road X OS Grid Ref Y OS Grid Ref Pollutants Monitored In AQMA? Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) collocated with a Continuous Analyser? NO2 NO N/A 1 NO 2.4 (1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on/adjacent to the façade of a residential property). (2) N/A if not applicable. Height (m) LAQM Annual Status Report

51 Table A.3.a Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) A1 Urban Centre Automatic A2 Kerbside Automatic A3 Kerbside Automatic A6 Automatic A9 Automatic A17 Automatic A18 Other Automatic A19 Automatic A20 Automatic A21 Automatic A22 Automatic D2 (A3) D6 (A6) D7 (A6) D8 D9 D17 Kerbside LAQM Annual Status Report

52 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D19 D20 D24 D26 (A1) D27 (A1) D28 (A1) D31 D35 D43 D44 D45 D46 D48 D52 D53 Urban Centre Urban Centre Urban Centre Urban Centre Kerbside LAQM Annual Status Report

53 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D59 (A2) D60 (A17) D68 (A9) D70 D74 D76 D105 D109 D110 D114 D118 D120 D121 D122 D123 Urban Centre Kerbside LAQM Annual Status Report

54 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D125 D126 D135 D136 D137 D144 D149 D151 D153 D154 D155 D160 D161 D163 D164 Kerbside Urban Background LAQM Annual Status Report

55 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D165 D166 D167 D168 D169 D170 D171 D172 D176 D177 D178 D179 D180 D181 D182 Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside LAQM Annual Status Report

56 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D183 D184 D186 D187 D189 D190 D191 D192 D193 D194 D195 D196 D197 D198 D199 Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Industrial LAQM Annual Status Report

57 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D200 D201 D202 D203 D204 D205 D206 D207 D208 D209 D210 D211 D213 D214 D215 Suburban Other Other Other LAQM Annual Status Report

58 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D216 D217 D218 D219 D220 D221 D222 D223 D224 D225 D226 D227 D228 D229 D230 Urban Background Urban Background LAQM Annual Status Report

59 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D231 D232 D233 D234 D235 D236 D237 D238 D239 D240 D241 D242 D243 D244 D245 Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Other LAQM Annual Status Report

60 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D246 D247 D248 D249 D250 D251 D252 D253 D254 D255 D256 D260 D261 D263 D264 Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Kerbside Kerbside LAQM Annual Status Report

61 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D265 D266 D267 D268 D269 D270 D271 D272 D273 D274 D275 D276 D277 D278 D LAQM Annual Status Report

62 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D280 D281 D282 D283 D284 D285 D286 D287 D288 D290 D291 D292 D293 D294 D LAQM Annual Status Report

63 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D296 D297 D tube data has been bias corrected Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75% Notes: Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m 3 are shown in bold. NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m 3, indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined. (1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. (2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%). (3) Means for diffusion tubes have been corrected for bias. All means have been annualised as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16 if valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details. LAQM Annual Status Report

64 Table A.4.b Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results associated with specific projects Site ID Ebor Gardens AQMA Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) A6 Automatic D6 (A6) D7 (A6) D8 D Caspar Apartments AQMA D122 D235 D236 D The Normans AQMA A22 Automatic LAQM Annual Status Report

65 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D45 D46 D74 D198 D The Tilburys AQMA A19 Automatic D125 D149 Kerbside Pool-in- Wharfedale AQMA D114 D203 D208 D209 Other LAQM Annual Status Report

66 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D210 D Chapel Hill AQMA D120 D215 D216 D Inner Ring Road (A58(M)) A20 Automatic D24 D135 D136 D160 D163 (A20) Urban Centre Urban Background LAQM Annual Status Report

67 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D164 D165 D166 D167 D168 D169 D170 D171 D172 D287 D288 D290 D291 D292 D LAQM Annual Status Report

68 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D294 D295 D296 D297 D City Square Area A21 Automatic D178 D179 D180 D181 D182 D183 D184 D186 Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside Kerbside LAQM Annual Status Report

69 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D187 D197 (A21) D200 D201 D202 D213 D214 Kerbside Other Other Duke St / Bus Station Area D191 D192 D Schools & Childrens Nurseries D218 Urban Background LAQM Annual Status Report

70 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D219 D230 D231 D232 D233 D234 D249 D250 D251 D252 D253 D254 Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Urban Background Proposed 20mph Zones West Park D LAQM Annual Status Report

71 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D221 D222 D223 Otley D224 D225 D226 D227 D228 D229 Whitkirk D239 D240 D241 D242 D LAQM Annual Status Report

72 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D LPTIP Integrated bus corridors D263 D264 D265 D266 D267 D268 D269 D270 D271 D272 D273 D274 Kerbside LAQM Annual Status Report

73 Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) D275 D276 D LAQM Annual Status Report

74 Table A.5 1-Hour Mean NO2 Monitoring Results Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) NO 2 1-Hour Means > 200µg/m 3 (3) A1 Urban Centre Automatic A2 Kerbside Automatic A3 Kerbside Automatic A6 Automatic (115) 0 (90) 0 A9 Automatic A17 Automatic A18 Other Automatic A19 Automatic A20 Automatic A21 Automatic A22 Automatic (109) Notes: Exceedances of the NO2 1-hour mean objective (200µg/m 3 not to be exceeded more than 18 times/year) are shown in bold. (1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. (2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%). (3) If the period of valid data is less than 85%, the 99.8 th percentile of 1-hour means is provided in brackets. LAQM Annual Status Report

75 Table A.6 Annual Mean PM10 Monitoring Results Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) PM 10 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) A1 Urban Centre A A Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75% Notes: Exceedances of the PM10 annual mean objective of 40µg/m 3 are shown in bold. (1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. (2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%). (3) All means have been annualised as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16, valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details. LAQM Annual Status Report

76 Table A.7 24-Hour Mean PM10 Monitoring Results Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) PM Hour Means > 50µg/m 3 (3) A1 Urban Centre A A Notes: Exceedances of the PM10 24-hour mean objective (50µg/m 3 not to be exceeded more than 35 times/year) are shown in bold. (1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. (2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%). (3) If the period of valid data is less than 85%, the 90.4 th percentile of 24-hour means is provided in brackets. LAQM Annual Status Report

77 Table A.8 PM2.5 Monitoring Results Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) PM 2.5 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m 3 ) (3) A1 Urban Centre A n/a Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75% Notes: (1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. (2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%). (3) All means have been annualised as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16, valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details. LAQM Annual Status Report

78 Table A.9 SO2 Monitoring Results Site ID A1 Site Type Urban Centre Valid Data Capture for monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2017 (%) (2) 15-minute Objective (266 µg/m 3 ) Number of Exceedances 2017 (percentile in bracket) (3) 1-hour Objective (350 µg/m 3 ) 24-hour Objective (125 µg/m 3 ) Notes: Exceedances of the SO2 objectives are shown in bold (15-min mean = 35 allowed a year, 1-hour mean = 24 allowed a year, 24-hour mean = 3 allowed a year) (1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. (2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%). (3) If the period of valid data is less than 85%, the relevant percentiles are provided in brackets. LAQM Annual Status Report

79 Appendix B: Full Monthly Results for 2017 Table B.1 NO2 Monthly Results NO 2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m 3 ) Annual Mean Site ID Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw Data Bias Adjusted (x0.78) and Annualised (1) Distance Corrected to Nearest Exposure ( 2 ) D2 (A3) D6 (A6) D7 (A6) D D D D D D D26 (A1) D27 (A1) D28 (A1) D D D LAQM Annual Status Report

80 NO 2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m 3 ) Annual Mean Site ID Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw Data Bias Adjusted (x0.78) and Annualised (1) Distance Corrected to Nearest Exposure ( 2 ) D D D D D D D59 (A2) D60 (A17) D68 (A9) D D D D D D D D D D D LAQM Annual Status Report

81 NO 2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m 3 ) Annual Mean Site ID Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw Data Bias Adjusted (x0.78) and Annualised (1) Distance Corrected to Nearest Exposure ( 2 ) D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D LAQM Annual Status Report

82 NO 2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m 3 ) Annual Mean Site ID Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw Data Bias Adjusted (x0.78) and Annualised (1) Distance Corrected to Nearest Exposure ( 2 ) D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D LAQM Annual Status Report

83 NO 2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m 3 ) Annual Mean Site ID Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw Data Bias Adjusted (x0.78) and Annualised (1) Distance Corrected to Nearest Exposure ( 2 ) D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D LAQM Annual Status Report

84 NO 2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m 3 ) Annual Mean Site ID Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw Data Bias Adjusted (x0.78) and Annualised (1) Distance Corrected to Nearest Exposure ( 2 ) D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D LAQM Annual Status Report

85 NO 2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m 3 ) Annual Mean Site ID Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw Data Bias Adjusted (x0.78) and Annualised (1) Distance Corrected to Nearest Exposure ( 2 ) D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D LAQM Annual Status Report

86 NO 2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m 3 ) Annual Mean Site ID Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw Data Bias Adjusted (x0.78) and Annualised (1) Distance Corrected to Nearest Exposure ( 2 ) D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D LAQM Annual Status Report

87 NO 2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m 3 ) Annual Mean Site ID Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw Data Bias Adjusted (x0.78) and Annualised (1) Distance Corrected to Nearest Exposure ( 2 ) D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D LAQM Annual Status Report

88 National bias adjustment factor used Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75% Where applicable, data has been distance corrected for relevant exposure Notes: Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m 3 are shown in bold. NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m 3, indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined. (1) See Appendix C for details on bias adjustment and annualisation. (2) Distance corrected to nearest relevant public exposure. LAQM Annual Status Report

89 Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC C.1 QA/QC of Automatic monitoring network and data The Leeds City Council monitoring network is managed and operated by a team of officers within the Environmental Protection Team (EP Team) of the Communities and Environment Directorate. The combined expertise of this group covers all aspects of the management of the network from routine site procedures through calibration to data ratification. Appropriate training both internal and from external agencies such as EMAQ has been received by officers within the team. The QA/QC for the Leeds Centre AURN site and the affiliated Leeds Headingley site is carried out by Ricardo Energy & Environment (E&E). Officers within the EP Team provided LSO support for the Leeds Centre site between 1993 and 2009 and continue in this role at Headingley. C.1.1 Instrumentation A combination of API and Monitor Labs instruments is used to monitor oxides of nitrogen (NOx) to establish NO2 concentrations in the network together with a R&P TEOM to monitor PM10 particles at the Corn Exchange site in the city centre. All stations are air conditioned with the exception of Temple Newsam where the analyser is sited in a large brick-built store room/unused office. C.1.2 Servicing Service contracts are in place so that all analysers are serviced every 6 months together with 6 monthly GPT testing of the gas analyser at the Headingley site and annual GPT testing elsewhere. The contract also requires attendance to breakdowns within 48 hours of callout. All service and breakdown visits by engineers are recorded in the form of engineers reports and stored within the Department for later use (during data ratification, assessment of long-term analyser performance etc.). C.1.3 Calibration Sites are attended fortnightly for manual calibration, routine site checks and maintenance. The procedures for these site visits are documented in internal LAQM Annual Status Report

90 guidance documents based on the instrument manufacturers operation manuals and the AURN Site Operators Manual. Pre-calibration checks are made which check ancillary equipment such as modems and air conditioning and to record instrument status. Zero response to clean air is carried out through the use of in-line scrubbers. Span checks are carried out using nitric oxide calibration gas of known concentration with a certified concentration ± 5%. Instrument and TEOM filters are changed if required followed by post-zero and span checks to ensure that everything is operational before leaving site. All Calibration visits are recorded on calibration forms and on site specific spreadsheets kept within the Department. C.1.4 Data collection Automatic data collection from the stations is achieved using the Airviro data administration module. 15-minute un-scaled data is collected from the on-board memory of each analyser. The data is reviewed daily to determine that the collection protocols are working, that the data looks sensible and to identify faults. This involves viewing and comparing data from different locations. Should assessment of the data lead to action being taken, this is recorded within a spreadsheet kept by the Department. C.1.5 Site Audits In addition to the fortnightly calibration visits and six monthly servicing of the equipment, an annual GPT test (when testing is carried out on the equipment with a separate calibration gas) to confirm the ongoing acceptable performance of the analysers is carried out. Site audits of the Headingley and Leeds Centre sites are carried out independently as part of the AURN national network. C.1.6 Data ratification While this process was carried out in-house, in recent years data ratification has been carried out externally by Air Quality Data Management. LAQM Annual Status Report

91 Electronic analysers suffer drifts in their response to the zero (baseline) gas and sensitivity changes with time. Raw data from the NOx instruments are therefore scaled into concentrations using the latest values derived from the manual and automatic calibrations. The ratification process finalises the data to produce the measurements suitable for reporting. All available information (including fortnightly calibrations, service records and audit reports) is critically assessed so that the best data scaling is applied and all anomalies are appropriately edited. Generally this operates at three, six or twelve month intervals. However, unexpected faults can be identified during the instrument routine services or independent audits which are often at 6-monthly intervals. In practice, therefore, the data can only be fully ratified in 12-month or annual periods. The data processing performed during the three and six monthly cycles helps build a reliable dataset that is finalised at the end of the year. In addition to overcoming the drift in analyser performance, anomalies in the collected data can occur for a variety of reasons that could result in data being discarded. Instruments and infrastructure can fail in numerous ways that significantly and visually affect the quality of the measurements. These may include: ignoring calibrations that were poor e.g. a spent zero scrubber closely tracking rapid drifts or eliminating the data comparing the measurements with other pollutants and nearby sites corrections due to span cylinder drift corrections due to flow drifts for the particulate instruments corrections for ozone instrument sensitivity drifts eliminating measurements for NO2 conversion inefficiencies eliminating periods where calibration gas is in the ambient dataset identifying periods were instruments are warming-up after a powercut identification of anomalies due to mains power spikes correcting problems with the date and time stamp observations made during the sites visits and services LAQM Annual Status Report

92 The identification of data anomalies, the proper understanding of the effects and the application of appropriate corrections requires expertise gained over many years of operational experience. C.1.7 PM10 corrections Monitoring of PM10 (and PM2.5) as part of the national AURN is carried out using FDMS (filter dynamics measurement system) equipment. However, the PM10 monitor installed in the Corn Exchange monitoring station is an older TEOM (Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance) instrument. Results from this equipment are corrected to a gravimetric equivalent (ie the FDMS system) using the TEOM VCM (Volatile Correction Model). C.2 QA/QC of diffusion tube monitoring C.2.1 tube precision and AIR NO2 PT performance The West Yorkshire Analytical Services laboratory (WYAS) supply nitrogen dioxide diffusion tubes to the city council for its investigations. AIR NO2 PT is an independent analytical proficiency-testing scheme run on behalf of Defra. Performance reports on all analytical laboratories taking part in AIR NO2 PT are described as satisfactory. In terms of the precision associated with the analysis of multiple tubes, there is no more than one occasion in each of the last three years when the performance of WYAS was described as anything other than Good. C.2.2 tube bias adjustment factors The preparation method of the nitrogen dioxide diffusion tubes supplied to the city council has been 50% TEA in acetone manufactured by Harwell Scientific Services. A spreadsheet compiled by the National Physical Laboratory reports bias corrections reflecting the difference between results obtained from automatic analysers compared with those obtained from co-located diffusion tubes analysed by individual laboratories. The number of co-located tubes has decreased in recent years however, the NPL reported bias correction to be used for this diffusion tube and WYAS as the analyst is 0.78 for 2017 tube data. C.2.3 tube annualisation The reported diffusion tube results have been annualised in accordance with TG(16) where data collection has been less than 75% (and no less than 25%). Data used for LAQM Annual Status Report

93 each annualisation of bias corrected diffusion tube results has been the appropriate periods of the ratified hourly data from the two AURN sites in Leeds used in conjunction with the annual mean result from those two sites. C.2.4 NO2 fall-off with distance correction for diffusion tube data Where it was appropriate to calculate the annual mean NO2 concentration (typically at the nearest residential property), the LAQM distance correction tool was used. Data collected in relation to source (ie Kerb) to tube location and source to receiver was used together with the Defra predicted 2017 background concentration for the 1km x 1km grid square in which the measurement/property was located. LAQM Annual Status Report

94 Appendix D: Maps of AQMAs and Monitoring Locations Plan D.1 Ebor Gardens AQMA Plan D.2 Caspar Apartments AQMA LAQM Annual Status Report

95 Plan D.3 The Normans AQMA Plan D.4 The Tilburys AQMA LAQM Annual Status Report

96 Plan D.5 Pool in Wharfedale AQMA Plan D.6 Chapel Hill AQMA LAQM Annual Status Report

97 Plan D.7 Map showing extent of 2017 diffusion tube monitoring LAQM Annual Status Report